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1,102 results for “plant diversity”
Figure 2 from: Lin D, Zhou K, Hidayat A, Jin X-H (2020) Bulbophyllum papuaense (Orchidaceae), a new species from Indonesia. In: Jin X-H, Xia N-H, Tan Y-H (Eds) Plant diversity of Southeast Asia-II. PhytoKeys 138: 125-130. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.138.38714
Figure 2 Close-up of flowers of Bulbophyllum papuaense.
Figure 1 from: Zhou S-S, Quan R-C, Li R, Liu Q, Yin J-T (2020) Colocasia kachinensis, a new species of Araceae from Myanmar. In: Jin X-H, Xia N-H, Tan Y-H (Eds) Plant diversity of Southeast Asia-II. PhytoKeys 138: 41-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.138.36769
Figure 1 C. kachinensis. A plant B inflorescence C lower surface of leaf D spadix.
The spider diversity and plant hopper control potential in the long-term organic paddy fields in sub-tropical area, China
<p>Data file (1 data set) accompanying paper He et al., (2019). The spider diversity and plant hopper control potential in the long-term organic paddy fields in the sub-tropical area, China</p>
Data from: Effects of livestock grazing on soil, plant functional diversity and ecological traits vary between regions with different climate in northeastern Iran
Understanding the responses of vegetation characteristics and soil properties to grazing in different precipitation regimes is useful for the management of rangelands, especially in the arid regions. In northeastern Iran, we studied the responses of vegetation to livestock grazing in three regions with different climate: arid, semi-arid and sub-humid. In each region, we selected 6-7 pairwise sampling areas of high versus low grazing intensity and six traits of the present species were recorded on 1 m2 plots - 5 grazed and 5 ungrazed in each area. The overall fertility was compared using the dissimilarity analysis, linear mixed-effect models were used to compare the individual fertility parameters, functional diversity indices and species traits between the plots with high and low grazing intensity and between the climatic regions. Both climate and grazing, as well as their interaction, affected fertility parameters, functional diversity indices and the representation of species traits. Grazing reduced functional evenness, height of the community, the representation of annuals, but increased the community leaf area. In the sub-humid region, grazing also reduced functional richness. Further, grazing decreased the share of annual species in the semi-arid region and seed mass in the arid region. Larger leaf area and seed mass, smaller height and lower share of annuals were associated with intensive grazing. Species with large LA and seed mass, lower height and perennials can be therefore presumed to tolerate trampling and benefit from high nutrient levels, associated with intensive grazing. By providing a detailed view on the impacts of overgrazing, this study highlights the importance of protection from grazing as an effective management tool for maintaining the pastoral ecosystems. In general, the composition of plant traits across the pastures of northeastern Iran was more affected by intensive grazing compared to climate.
Direct and indirect effects of environmental factors, spatial constraints, and functional traits on shaping the plant diversity of montane forests
Understanding the relative importance of the factors driving the patterns of biodiversity is a key research topic in community ecology and biogeography. However, the main drivers of plant species diversity in montane forests are still not clear. In addition, most existing studies make no distinction between direct and indirect effects of environmental factors, spatial constraints on plant biodiversity. Using data from 107 montane forest plots in Sichuan Giant Panda habitat, China, we quantified the direct and indirect effects of abiotic environmental factors, spatial constraints, and plant functional traits on plant community diversity. Our results showed significant correlations between abiotic environmental factors and trees (r = 0.10, P value = 0.001), shrubs (r = 0.19, P value = 0.001), or overall plant diversity (r = 0.18, P value = 0.001) in montane forests. Spatial constraints also showed significant correlations with trees, and shrubs. However, no significant correlations were found between functional traits and plant community diversity. Moreover, the diversity (richness and abundance) of shrubs, trees, and plant communities was directly affected by precipitation, latitude, and altitude. Mean annual temperature (MAT) had no direct effect on the richness of tree and plant communities. Further, MAT and precipitation indirectly affected plant communities via the tree canopy. The results revealed a stronger direct effect on montane plant diversity than indirect effect, suggesting that single-species models may be adequate for forecasting the impacts of climate factors in these communities. The shifting of tree canopy coverage might be a potential indicator for trends of plant diversity under climate change.
Figure 4 from: Batchuluun B, Wunderlich J, Schmitt M (2020) Diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in natural and planted saxaul forests (Haloxylon ammodendron) in the South Gobi Desert, Mongolia. ZooKeys 1000: 59-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.56856
Figure 4 Abundance of species in the study plots of the Ukhaa Zag forest.
Figure 3 from: Batchuluun B, Wunderlich J, Schmitt M (2020) Diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in natural and planted saxaul forests (Haloxylon ammodendron) in the South Gobi Desert, Mongolia. ZooKeys 1000: 59-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.56856
Figure 3 Abundances of species in the study plots of the Nariin Zag forest.
Figure 2 from: Batchuluun B, Wunderlich J, Schmitt M (2020) Diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in natural and planted saxaul forests (Haloxylon ammodendron) in the South Gobi Desert, Mongolia. ZooKeys 1000: 59-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.56856
Figure 2 Mean observed species richness (Mao Tau) in planted and natural saxaul sites.
Figure 1 from: Batchuluun B, Wunderlich J, Schmitt M (2020) Diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in natural and planted saxaul forests (Haloxylon ammodendron) in the South Gobi Desert, Mongolia. ZooKeys 1000: 59-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.56856
Figure 1 Study sites and plots.
Figure 5 from: Batchuluun B, Wunderlich J, Schmitt M (2020) Diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in natural and planted saxaul forests (Haloxylon ammodendron) in the South Gobi Desert, Mongolia. ZooKeys 1000: 59-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1000.56856
Figure 5 A dendrogram of beetle community dissimilarity.
Data from: Disentangling relationships between plant diversity and decomposition processes under forest restoration
Biodiversity has been elucidated to be one of the major factors sustaining ecosystem functioning. The vast majority of studies showing a relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning have come from experiments, and this knowledge has not yet been applied to most real-world cases of conservation and management. This is especially true in forest ecosystems, characterized by the dominance of long-lived organisms (trees) and high levels of structural complexity and environmental heterogeneity. To apply biodiversity–function relationships to actual forest management, there are several issues to be considered. These include employing a cross-taxon perspective, as some functions (e.g. soil biogeochemical processes) cannot be maintained by a narrow set of organisms, as is usually the case with experimental systems. More specifically, although the interaction between above- and below-ground diversity is important for many functions in forests, there are few studies that evaluated the roles of diversity in both subsystems in a manner that could be informative in practice. To evaluate the roles of above- and below-ground diversity to support natural soil ecosystem functions, we conducted a decomposition experiment in the northern forests of Japan, which are currently under restoration management. The restoration area consists of mosaics of different vegetation types by various revegetation activities and establishment of ungulate exclosures. Using structural equation modelling and linear mixed-effects models, we assessed direct and indirect pathways from diversity to functions by focusing on both of taxonomic and functional diversity indices. To put our findings into practice, we utilized a trait-based approach, which provides a link between the functional consequences of human influences and ecosystem structure. We found little direct effects of tree diversity on below-ground functions such as decomposition rate and litter stabilization. However, once the diversities of understorey herbaceous plants and soil fungi were considered as a possible mediating explanatory factor, we found a significant effect of tree diversity to indirectly support these functions by supporting these other types of biodiversity. Particularly, we found that the models based on functional trait diversity, rather than on taxonomic species richness, best explained the variation in below-ground processes. Synthesis and applications. Forest restoration in the northern forests of Japan has had no explicit objective to restore soil functions. Nevertheless, afforestation, and the associated increase in tree diversity as a measure of forest restoration, was, although often unintentionally, proven effective for the maintenance of multiple ecosystem functions, such as soil biogeochemical processes. This finding suggests a great potential for management to make local tree assemblages functionally dissimilar and diverse for the sake of supporting and enhancing fundamental ecosystem functions in forests.
Data from: Diverse pollinator communities enhance plant reproductive success
Understanding the functional consequences of biodiversity loss is a major goal of ecology. Animal-mediated pollination is an essential ecosystem function and service provided to mankind. However, little is known how pollinator diversity could affect pollination services. Using a substitutive design, we experimentally manipulated functional group (FG) and species richness of pollinator communities to investigate their consequences on the reproductive success of an obligate out-crossing model plant species, Raphanus sativus. Both fruit and seed set increased with pollinator FG richness. Furthermore, seed set increased with species richness in pollinator communities composed of a single FG. However, in multiple-FG communities, highest species richness resulted in slightly reduced pollination services compared with intermediate species richness. Our analysis indicates that the presence of social bees, which showed roughly four times higher visitation rates than solitary bees or hoverflies, was an important factor contributing to the positive pollinator diversity–pollination service relationship, in particular, for fruit set. Visitation rate at different daytimes, and less so among flower heights, varied among social bees, solitary bees and hoverflies, indicating a niche complementarity among these pollinator groups. Our study demonstrates enhanced pollination services of diverse pollinator communities at the plant population level and suggests that both the niche complementarity and the presence of specific taxa in a pollinator community drive this positive relationship.
Data from: Species richness and phylogenetic diversity of seed plants across vegetation zones of Mount Kenya, East Africa
Mount Kenya is of ecological importance in tropical east Africa due to the dramatic gradient in vegetation types that can be observed from low to high elevation zones. However, species richness and phylogenetic diversity of this mountain have not been well studied. Here, we surveyed distribution patterns for a total of 1,335 seed plants of this mountain and calculated species richness and phylogenetic diversity across seven vegetation zones. We also measured phylogenetic structure using the net relatedness index (NRI) and the nearest species index (NTI). Our results show that lower montane wet forest has the highest level of species richness, density, and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants, while lower montane dry forest has the highest level of species richness, density, and phylogenetic diversity in herbaceous plants. In total plants, NRI and NTI of four forest zones were smaller than three alpine zones. In woody plants, lower montane wet forest and upper montane forest have overdispersed phylogenetic structures. In herbaceous plants, NRI of Afro‐alpine zone and nival zone are smaller than those of bamboo zone, upper montane forest, and heath zone. We suggest that compared to open dry forest, humid forest has fewer herbaceous plants because of the closed canopy of woody plants. Woody plants may have climate‐dominated niches, whereas herbaceous plants may have edaphic and microhabitat‐dominated niches. We also proposed lower and upper montane forests with high species richness or overdispersed phylogenetic structures as the priority areas in conservation of Mount Kenya and other high mountains in the Eastern Afro‐montane biodiversity hotspot regions.
Dataset Expanding the Pseudomonas diversity of the wheat rhizosphere: four novel species antagonizing fungal phytopathogens and with plant-beneficial properties
<p>This dataset is related to the study "<strong>Expanding the Pseudomonas diversity of the wheat rhizosphere: four novel species antagonizing fungal phytopathogens and with plant-beneficial properties</strong>" (Poli et al., 2024, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1440341">10.3389/fmicb.2024.1440341</a>) and contains the raw data described therein. Specifically, the dataset contains the growth-promotion of wheat plants upon inoculation with four novel <em>Pseudomonas</em> species type strains, as well as the ability of the four strains to antagonize three fungal phytopathogens. </p> <p>The complete genome sequences of the four novel <em>Pseudomonas</em> species type strains have been deposited in the NCBI under the BioProject number <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA1095474">PRJNA1095474</a>.</p>
Figure 2 from: Aung YL, Jin X-H (2018) Gastrodia kachinensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Myanmar. In: Jin X-H, Shui Y-M, Tan Y-H, Kang M (Eds) Plant diversity in Southeast Asia. PhytoKeys 94: 23-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.21348
Figure 2 Habit of Gastrodia kachinensis. Photographed by X.H. Jin.
Supplemental Material for "Overcoming challenges in variant calling: exploring sequence diversity in candidate genes for plant development in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)"
<p>Supplemental materials to the manuscript.</p>
Figure 5 from: Li X, Wang H, Li D-Z, Yu W-B (2019) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae): I. One new species from northwest Yunnan, China. In: Cai J, Yu W-B, Zhang T, Li D-Z (Eds) Revealing of the plant diversity in China's biodiversity hotspots. PhytoKeys 130: 205-215. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.130.35258
Figure 5 Distribution map of Pedicularis multicaulis W.B.Yu, H.Wang & D.Z.Li and related taxa.
Figure 4 from: Huang Y-F, Dong L-N, Xu W (2019) Lysimachia fanii, a new species of Primulaceae from limestone area of Guangxi, China. In: Cai J, Yu W-B, Zhang T, Li D-Z (Eds) Revealing of the plant diversity in China's biodiversity hotspots. PhytoKeys 130: 75-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.130.34655
Figure 4 The distribution of Lysimachia fanii in Guangxi, China.
Figure 4 from: Cai L, Liu D-T, Zhang P, Dao Z-L (2019) Two new species of Henckelia (Gesneriaceae) from Southeastern Yunnan, China. In: Cai J, Yu W-B, Zhang T, Li D-Z (Eds) Revealing of the plant diversity in China's biodiversity hotspots. PhytoKeys 130: 151-160. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.130.33988
Figure 4 Holotype of Henckelia multinervia Lei Cai & Z.L.Dao (KUN-1443559).
Figure 2 from: Cai L, Liu D-T, Zhang P, Dao Z-L (2019) Two new species of Henckelia (Gesneriaceae) from Southeastern Yunnan, China. In: Cai J, Yu W-B, Zhang T, Li D-Z (Eds) Revealing of the plant diversity in China's biodiversity hotspots. PhytoKeys 130: 151-160. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.130.33988
Figure 2 Holotype of Henckelia nanxiheensis Lei Cai & Z.L.Dao (KUN-1443557).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.