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Fig. 14 in A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Fig. 14. Goniographa gyulaipeteri sp. n., paratypes, slide Nos a = RL7479, b = VZ4643

Fig. 16 in A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Fig. 16. Xestia (s.l.) hypographa sp. n., paratype, slide No. VZ7045

Fig. 8 in A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Fig. 8. Goniographa metafunkei sp. n., paratypes, slide Nos a–b = RL7548, c–d = RL7578

Fig. 5 in A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Fig. 5. Goniographa funkei (PÜNGELER), slide Nos a = VZ7151, b = VZ7152, c = VZ7043

Fig. 13 in A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Fig. 13. Goniographa gyulaipeteri sp. n., paratypes, slide Nos a = RL7479, b = VZ4643

Fig. 12 in A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Fig. 12. Goniographa marcida (CHRISTOPH), slide Nos a-b = RL7476, c = VZ7030

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Fig. 10 in Subtribal, Generic And Subgeneric Composition Of Darkling Beetles Of The Tribe Helopini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In The Eastern Palaearctic Region

Fig. 10. Nalassus (s. str.) akitai, holotype and paratype: A = male, holotype, habitus, B = fe-

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Fig. 6 in Subtribal, Generic And Subgeneric Composition Of Darkling Beetles Of The Tribe Helopini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In The Eastern Palaearctic Region

Fig. 6. Stenohelops chinensis sp.n., habitus: A = male, holotype, B = female, paratype

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Fig. 5 in Subtribal, Generic And Subgeneric Composition Of Darkling Beetles Of The Tribe Helopini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In The Eastern Palaearctic Region

Fig. 5. Species of the genus Catomus, subgenus Sinocatomus. A = C. solitarius, male, Gansu

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Data from: Phylogenomic loci define the generic boundaries of Gochnatieae and improve resolution at the species level in Moquiniastrum (Compositae)

Understanding the evolution of the tribe Gochnatieae (Compositae) has been the subject of considerable effort in the past decade. This is due to the key position of this tribe in the phylogeny of the sunflower family and the corresponding implications for biogeographic and morphological evolution of Compositae. Previous studies have confirmed the monophyly of this tribe as well as most of the genera that belong to it. However, phylogenetic resolution of Gochnatieae at both the genus- and species-level has remained poor. A subset of new phylogenomic loci used in this study has proven effective and has improved phylogenetic resolution in this group. The results of this work demonstrate Gochnatieae is a well-supported clade comprised of nine genera (Anastraphia, Cnicothamnus, Cyclolepis, Gochnatia, Moquiniastrum, Nahuatlea, Pentaphorus, Richterago, Tehuasca). One recently described genus, Vickia, was not included in this study; but its placement in Gochnatieae as a tenth genus in the tribe is well-justified. The monospecific Cyclolepis, which had been circumscribed within the tribe since its inception but was subsequently removed and designated as incertae sedis since 2014, is also shown to belong to Gochnatieae. We confirmed the monophyletic Moquiniastrum with two well-supported subclades. Ancestral area reconstruction analyses show that Gochnatieae originated in Eastern South America about 53 my. Apparently, except for Cyclolepis and Richterago, the ancestors of the other genera of Gochnatieae originated about 44 my from an area that now corresponds to the central Andes. The presence of the genera in the Chaco phytogeographic province, central Chile, and Mexico-United States-Caribbean is a result of dispersal from the central Andes. The ancestral distribution of Moquiniastrum corresponds to a large area comprising Eastern South America and the current central Andes, about 32 my. Ancestral character state reconstruction that included four characters indicates several states associated with complex plant reproductive biology such as gynodioecy, gynomonoecy, and polygamodioecy are derived in Gochnatieae as are heterogamous capitula (in Moquiniastrum and Richterago), dimorphic and subdimorphic corollas (in Cnicothamnus, Moquiniastrum, and Richterago), and the presence of marginal female corollas (in Moquiniastrum and Richterago). Within Moquiniastrum, two subclades (Densicephalum and Polymorphum) exhibit divergent patterns of trait evolution associated with these reproductive characters which suggests this genus can serve as a model to understand the sexual system evolution in plants.

opencc-zeroJul 2024View details →

Fig. 136 in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 136. Phidyle punctipes (Nicolet), female

Fig. 109 in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 109. Tomopisthes pusillus (Nicolet), female (Talca, Gil de Vilches, photo MJR 11).

Fig. 97 in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 97. Philisca ornata Berland, male and female syntypes. A, C. Female. B, D. Male. Scale bar

Fig. 89 in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 89. Sanogasta approximata (Tullgren), female (Neuquén, Nahuel Huapi, photo MJR 51).

Fig. 90 in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 90. Sanogasta approximata (Tullgren), epigyne, poseriorventral view.

Fig. 8. A–C in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 8. A–C. Scatterplots of measures of sup

Fig. 7 in The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level

Fig. 7. Support for groups expressed as jackknifing frequencies. Based in 1000 pseudoreplicates.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2009View details →

Fig. 330 in Generic Revision Of The Dioptinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Notodontidae) Part 2: Josiini

Fig. 330. Genitalia of Phintia podarce (³ JSM-1466, ♀ JSM-1511). A, ³ genitalia; B, aedeagus; C,

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Fig. 314 in Generic Revision Of The Dioptinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Notodontidae) Part 2: Josiini

Fig. 314. Genitalia of Ephialtias abrupta (3 JSM-1731, ♀ JSM-1732). A, 3 genitalia; B, aedeagus; C,