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Data from: Are multiple views superior to a single view when teaching hip surgery? a single-blinded randomized controlled trial of technical skill acquisition
Purpose: Surgical education videos currently all use a single point of view (POV) with the trainee locked onto a fixed viewpoint, which may not deliver sufficient information for complex procedures. We developed a novel multiple POV video system and evaluated its training outcome compared with traditional single POV. Methods: We filmed a hip resurfacing procedure performed by an expert attending using 8 cameras in theatre. 30 medical students were randomly and equally allocated to learn the procedure using the multiple POV (experiment group [EG]) versus single POV system (control group [CG]). Participants advanced a pin into the femoral head as demonstrated in the video. We measured the drilling trajectories and compared it with pre-operative plan to evaluate distance of the pin insertion and angular deviations. Two orthopedic attendings expertly evaluated the participants' performance using a modified global rating scale (GRS). There was a pre-video knowledge test that was repeated post-simulation alongside a Likert-scale questionnaire. Results: The angular deviation of the pin in EG was significantly less by 29% compared to CG (p=0.037), with no significant difference in the entry point's distance between groups (p=0.204). The GRS scores for EG were higher than CG (p=0.046). There was a 32% higher overall knowledge test score (p<0.001) and 21% improved Likert-scale questionnaire score (p=0.002) after video-learning in EG than CG, albeit no significant difference in the knowledge test score before video-learning (p=0.721). Conclusion: The novel multiple POV provided significant objective and subjective advantages over single POV for acquisition of technical skills in hip surgery.
Data from: Sialendoscopy enhances salivary gland function in Sjögren's syndrome: a 6 month follow-up, randomized and controlled, single blind study
Objectives: To assess the effect of sialendoscopy of the major salivary glands on salivary flow and xerostomia in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Methods: Forty nine SS patients were randomly assigned to a control group (n=15) and two intervention groups: irrigation of the major glands with saline (n=16) or with saline followed by triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in saline (n=18). Unstimulated whole saliva flow (UWS), chewing stimulated whole saliva flow (SWS), citric-acid stimulated parotid flow (SPF), Clinical Oral Dryness Score (CODS), Xerostomia Inventory score (XI), and EULAR SS Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) were obtained 1 week (T0) before, and 1(T1), 8(T8), 16(T16), and 24(T24) weeks after sialendoscopy. Results: Median baseline UWS, SWS and SPF scores were, respectively, 0.14, 0.46, and 0.22mL/min. After intervention, significant increases in UWS and SWS were observed in the saline group (at T8 (p=0.013) and T24 (p=0.004)) and the saline/TA group (at T24 (p=0.03) and T=16 (p=0.035). SPF was increased significantly in the saline/TA group at T24 (p=0.03). XI scores declined after sialendoscopy in both intervention groups. Compared to the control group, CODS, XI, and ESSPRI improved in the intervention groups. UWS, SWS, and SPF were higher in the intervention groups compared to the control group, but these differences were not significant except for SPF in the saline/TA group at T24 (p=0.005). Conclusions: Irrigation of the major salivary glands in SS patients enhances salivary flow and reduces xerostomia up to 6 months after sialendoscopy.
Data from: Prolific observer bias in the life sciences: why we need blind data recording
Observer bias and other "experimenter effects" occur when researchers' expectations influence study outcome. These biases are strongest when researchers expect a particular result, are measuring subjective variables, and have an incentive to produce data that confirm predictions. To minimize bias, it is good practice to work "blind," meaning that experimenters are unaware of the identity or treatment group of their subjects while conducting research. Here, using text mining and a literature review, we find evidence that blind protocols are uncommon in the life sciences and that nonblind studies tend to report higher effect sizes and more significant p-values. We discuss methods to minimize bias and urge researchers, editors, and peer reviewers to keep blind protocols in mind.
FIGURE 1 in Gammarus kesanensis , a new blind amphipod species from Turkey (Amphipoda, Gammaridae), with a key to eyeless Gammarus species of Europe
FIGURE 1. Lateral view of Gammarus kesanensis sp. nov. Holotype male.
FIGURES 1–2. Habitus. 1 in A new species of blind Trechinae from the Pyrenees of Huesca, and its position within Aphaenops (sensu stricto) (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini)
FIGURES 1–2. Habitus. 1―holotype of Aphaenops parvulus sp. n.; 2―A. eskualduna Coiffait.
FIGURE 11 in A new species of the blind cave gudgeon Milyeringa (Pisces: Gobioidei, Eleotridae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia, with a redescription of M. veritas Whitley
FIGURE 11. Captive Milyeringa veritas. Photograph by Douglas Elford, Western Australian Museum.
FIGURE 4 in A new blind snake (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) from an endangered habitat in south-eastern Queensland, Australia
FIGURE 4. Type locality of Anilios insperatus sp. nov. in July 2014.
eDNA metabarcoding as a means to assess distribution of subterranean fish communities: Iranian blind cave fishes as a case study
<p>One of the most important steps in conservation of the subterranean life forms is to decipher their distribution and ecology, which is challenging using traditional approaches. Development of an environmental DNA (eDNA) assay provides an efficient means for discovering and monitoring subterranean life forms. In this study, the distribution of three Iranian blind cave fish species (blind Iran cave barb <i>Garra typhlops</i>, blind Lorestan cave barb <i>Garra lorestanensis</i>, and blind cave loach <i>Eidinemacheilus smithi</i>) was assessed using <i>12S rRNA</i> gene eDNA metabarcoding performed using MiFish-U PCR primers and preliminary species distribution modelling (SDM) using bioclimatic data. The majority of sampling localities with positive detection of cave barb eDNA fall within suitable habitats in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. Our results revealed that Lorestan and Iran cave barbs have differential distribution patterns, with some extent of habitat overlap in the vicinity of the originally discovered cave barb locality. According to the observed distribution patterns, the blind Lorestan cave barb and cave loach<i> </i>are mostly distributed in habitats close to the Seazar River (Dez River drainage, Iran), and the blind Iran cave barb is distributed toward the west and probably in a few springs in the Karkheh River drainage. Our data support the previously proposed distribution pattern for the cave barbs, in which the species show partial niche separation and reproductive isolation, with the Lorestan cave barb being a water flow-dependent species and the Iran cave barb being a generalist species preferring variable flow rates. We showed eDNA metabarcoding to be a useful approach for ecological surveys of subterranean fish biodiversity with implications for conservation.</p>
additional plot for double-blind review
<p>additional plot for double-blind review</p>
FIGURE 28 in A new blind genus of Anurophorinae (Collembola: Isotomidae) with seven anal spines from Northwest China
FIGURE 28. The type locality of Heptacanthella yinae sp. nov. in Xinjiang Province, China.
FIGURE 2. A in Hyporheic zone, a blind spot: Discovery of the larva of Kisaura (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) from Japan
FIGURE 2. A hole dug in the stream bank for a Karaman-Chappuis sample.
Data from: Up and down the blind alley: population divergence with scant gene flow in an endangered tropical lineage of Andean palms (Ceroxylon quindiuense clade: Ceroxyloideae)
[No abstract entered]
Figure 4 from: Aalbu RL, Kanda K, Smith AD (2017) Reinstatement of Eschatoporiini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae). ZooKeys 688: 135-149. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575
Figure 4 - External and internal female genitalia of Eschatoporis styx sp. n. Dorsal view. Ovipositor: G gonostyle; C Coxites; P paraproct. Internal genital tract: O oviduct; VS vaginal sclerites; S spermatheca; BC bursa copulatrix; SAG spermathecal accessory gland. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 1 from: Aalbu RL, Kanda K, Smith AD (2017) Reinstatement of Eschatoporiini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae). ZooKeys 688: 135-149. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575
Figure 1 - Maximum Likelihood tree from RaxML. Posterior probability values above branches and bootstrap values below. Clades colored according to tribe.
Figure 3 from: Aalbu RL, Kanda K, Smith AD (2017) Reinstatement of Eschatoporiini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae). ZooKeys 688: 135-149. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575
Figure 3 - Aedeagus of Eschatoporis styx sp. n.: A Lateral B Ventral. P parameres; AL ala; BP basal piece; F flange of basal piece; ML median lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 4 from: Deng H, Wen H, Xiao N, Zhou J (2016) A new blind species of the cave genus Oreonectes from Guizhou, China (Nemacheilinae). ZooKeys 637: 47-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.637.10202
Figure 4 - The sequence divergence of Cyt b between Oreonectes daqikongensis sp. n. and species of Nemacheilinae.
Figure 1 from: Deng H, Wen H, Xiao N, Zhou J (2016) A new blind species of the cave genus Oreonectes from Guizhou, China (Nemacheilinae). ZooKeys 637: 47-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.637.10202
Figure 1 - a Holotype of Oreonectes daqikongensis sp. n. NO.CNGZNU20110128002. b A living Oreonectes daqikongensis sp. n.
The 2023 Mw 6.0 Jishishan Earthquake: A Slow Unilateral Rupture on a Blind Thrust Fault Revealed by High-Precision Earthquake Detection, Location, and Dynamic modeling
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 1. Rhamdiopsis krugi, LIRP 5929, 37.1 in The blind catfish from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae): description, anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, natural history, and biogeography
Fig. 1. Rhamdiopsis krugi, LIRP 5929, 37.1 mm SL, holotype; Poço Encantado cave, left margin of the rio Una, Municipality of Itaetê, State of Bahia, Brazil.
Comparative evaluation of select serological assays for Zika virus using blinded reference panels
<p>The aim of this study was to compare assays for detection of immunoglobulin M and/or G (IgM or IgG) from multiple manufacturers. Panels of specimens for testing IgM and IgG assays were built using longitudinal samples collected from blood donors with viral RNA confirmed infections with ZIKV, dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV), respectively. Specimens IgM- or IgG-positive against chikungunya virus (CHIKV), of the genus <em>alphavirus</em> were also included, together with ZIKV-negative samples from endemic (Puerto Rico) and non-endemic (continental USA) regions. Panels were compiled, blinded, and sent to manufacturers for testing. Seven IgM and five IgG assays from four manufacturers were evaluated.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.