Find research datasets worth reusing

Figure4 in Comparative Study in Habitat Suitability Analysis of Wild Water Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Two Flood Plains of Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal

Figure4. IVI of Grass Species in Western Sector

Figure3 in Comparative Study in Habitat Suitability Analysis of Wild Water Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Two Flood Plains of Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal

Figure3. IVI of Grass Species in Eastern Sector

Figure8 in Comparative Study in Habitat Suitability Analysis of Wild Water Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Two Flood Plains of Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal

Figure8. Habitat Suitability Map of Western Flood Plain

Figure7 in Comparative Study in Habitat Suitability Analysis of Wild Water Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Two Flood Plains of Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal

Figure7. Habitat Suitability Map of Eastern Flood Plain

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

Dataset on crop damage caused by wild animals in protected areas

This dataset provides detailed information on the stages of crop damage caused by wildlife around Mont Sangbé National Park in western Côte d'Ivoire. Data were collected from 120 households in three villages surrounding the park between February and April 2022. It includes the types of crops affected by wild herbivores, the species of herbivores responsible for damage, and the stage of development of the crops at the time of damage.

opencc-by-4.0May 2019View details →

Table 1 in How long do dolphins live? Survival rates and life expectancies for bottlenose dolphins in zoological facilities ťs. wild populations

Table 1. Mean and median life expectancies (in years, with 95% confidence intervals) for bottlenose dolphins in zoological care as calculated by Kaplan-Meier analyses.<table><tbody><tr><th>Time period</th><th>Median LE (CI)</th><th>Mean LE (CI)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>1974–1982</th><td>9.0 (5.9–11.4)</td><td>10.6 (8.8–12.5)</td></tr><tr><th>1983–1992</th><td>15.3 (12.5–17.1)</td><td>17.3 (15.2–19.4)</td></tr><tr><th>1993–2002</th><td>18.2 (14.1–20.3)</td><td>20.3 (18.0–22.5)</td></tr><tr><th>2003–2012</th><td>29.2 (25.0–32.9)</td><td>28.2 (25.3–31.0)</td></tr></tbody></table>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Figure 1 in Prevalence of Spiroplasma and interaction with wild Glossina tachinoides microbiota

Figure 1. Geographical locations of tsetse samples in Africa.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

Assemblies and annotations from the paper "Interspecies hybridization as a route of accessory chromosome origin in fungal species infecting wild grasses"

<div> This repository contains the whole genome assemblies, gene and TE annotations generated and analyzed in the manuscript entitled "Interspecies hybridization as a route of accessory chromosome origin in fungal species infecting wild grasses".  Preprint available on BioRxiv: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.10.03.616481v1   </div>

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Data on the occurrence of anisakids in fishery products from wild caught fish in all countries (Jan 2010 – Sept 2023)

This file contains data on anisakids in fishery products from wild-caught fish in all countries, covering studies published between January 2010 and September 2023. The systematic review protocol used to identify and extract the information is available at <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/10270810">https://zenodo.org/records/10270810</a>. For the period 2010-2020, the records for data extraction come from primary research studies of interest that have been identified in published meta-analyses.

opencc-zeroFeb 2020View details →

The mark of captivity: plastic responses in the ankle bone of a wild ungulate (Sus scrofa)

Deciphering the plastic (non-heritable) changes induced by human control over wild animals in the archaeological record is challenging. We hypothesized that changes in locomotor behaviour in a wild ungulate due to mobility control could be quantified in the bone anatomy. To test this, we experimented the effect of mobility reduction on the skeleton of wild boar (Sus scrofa), using the calcaneus shape as a possible phenotypic marker. We first assessed differences in shape variation and covariation in captive reared and wild caught wild boars, taking into account differences in sex, body mass, available space for movement, and muscle force. This plastic signal was then con-trasted with the phenotypic changes induced by selective breeding in domestic pigs. We found that mobility reduction induces a plastic response beyond the shape variation of wild boars in their natural habitat, associated with a reduction in the range of locomotor behaviors and muscle loads. This plastic signal of captivity in the calcaneus shape differ from the main changes induced by selective breeding for larger muscle and earlier development that impacted the pigs' calcaneus shape in a much greater extent than the mobility reduction during the domestication process of their wild ancestors.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Juvenile concentrations of IGF-1 predict life-history trade-offs in a wild mammal

Early postnatal development can have profound effects on life-history traits later in life. One mechanism hypothesized to mediate this relationship is the anabolic hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 contributes importantly to postnatal growth, and thus offers a means by which environmental and genetic variation might direct organismal development, reproduction and survival. We tested whether juvenile concentrations of IGF-1 can predict intraspecific variation in life-history traits later in life using longitudinal data from free-living female spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). We found that juvenile concentrations of IGF-1 predicted heavier juvenile mass, which in turn predicted greater survival to reproductive maturity. However, independent of mass, higher juvenile concentrations of IGF-1 predicted earlier age at first parturition and reduced longevity in adulthood. Our results highlight the importance of early postnatal development as a determination period in mammals and suggest that concentrations of IGF-1 during this sensitive period can be used to predict important later-life trade-offs between growth, reproductive fitness and life span in wild, long-lived animals.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Host genotype and age shape the leaf and root microbiomes of a wild perennial plant

Bacteria living on and in leaves and roots influence many aspects of plant health, so the extent of a plant's genetic control over its microbiota is of great interest to crop breeders and evolutionary biologists. Laboratory-based studies, because they poorly simulate true environmental heterogeneity, may misestimate or totally miss the influence of certain host genes on the microbiome. Here we report a large-scale field experiment to disentangle the effects of genotype, environment, age and year of harvest on bacterial communities associated with leaves and roots of Boechera stricta (Brassicaceae), a perennial wild mustard. Host genetic control of the microbiome is evident in leaves but not roots, and varies substantially among sites. Microbiome composition also shifts as plants age. Furthermore, a large proportion of leaf bacterial groups are shared with roots, suggesting inoculation from soil. Our results demonstrate how genotype-by-environment interactions contribute to the complexity of microbiome assembly in natural environments.

opencc-zeroJul 2019View details →

Data from: Intraspecific variation and symmetry of the inner-ear labyrinth in a population of wild turkeys: implications for paleontological reconstructions

The cochlea and semicircular canals of the inner ear are vital neurosensory devices. There are associations between the anatomy of these sensorineural structures, their function, and the function of related biological systems, e.g., hearing ability, gaze stabilization, locomotor agility, and posture. The endosseous labyrinth is frequently used as a proxy to infer the performance of the hearing and vestibular systems, locomotor abilities, and ecology of extinct species. Such fossil inferences are often based on single specimens or even a single ear, representing an entire species. To address whether a single ear is representative of a population, we used geometric morphometrics to quantitatively assess the variation in shape and symmetry in a sample of endosseous labyrinths of wild turkeys Meleagris gallopavo of southern Ohio. We predicted that ears would be symmetrical both within individuals and across the sample; that labyrinth shape and size would covary; that labyrinth shape would vary with the size of the brain, measured as width of the endocranium at the cerebellum; and that labyrinths would be morphologically integrated. To test these predictions, we microCT-scanned the heads of 26 cadaveric turkeys, digitally segmented their endosseous labyrinths in Avizo, and assigned 15 manual landmarks and 20 sliding semilandmarks to each digital model. Following Procrustes alignment, we conducted an analysis of bilateral symmetry, a Procrustes regression analysis for allometry and other covariates including side and replicate, and analyses of global integration and modularity. Based on Procrustes distances, no individual's left and right ears were clearly different from each other. When comparing the ears of different specimens, statistically clear differences in shape were found in only 66 of more than 1300 contrasts. Moreover, effects of both directional and fluctuating asymmetry were very small—generally, two orders of magnitude smaller than the variance explained by individual variation. Statistical tests disagreed on whether these asymmetric effects crossed the threshold of significance, possibly due to non-isotropic variation among landmarks. Regardless, labyrinths appeared to primarily vary in shape symmetrically. Neither labyrinth size nor endocranial width was correlated with labyrinth shape, contrary to our expectations. Finally, labyrinths were found to be moderately integrated in a global sense, but four weakly separated modules—the three semicircular canals and cochlea—were recovered using a maximum-likelihood analysis. The results show that both fluctuating and directional asymmetry play a larger role in shape variation than expected—but nonetheless, endosseous labyrinths are symmetrical within individuals and at the level of the population, and their shape varies symmetrically. Thus, inferences about populations, and very possibly species, may be confidently made when only a single specimen, or even a single ear, is available for study.

opencc-zeroFeb 2020View details →

Linking community assembly and structure across scales in a wild mouse parasite community

Understanding what processes drive community structure is fundamental to ecology. Many wild animals are simultaneously infected by multiple parasite species, so host parasite communities can be valuable tools for investigating connections between community structures at multiple scales, as each host can be considered a replicate parasite community. Like free-living communities, within-host parasite communities are hierarchical; ecological interactions between hosts and parasites can occur at multiple scales (e.g. host community, host population, parasite community within the host), therefore both extrinsic and intrinsic processes can determine parasite community structure. We combine analyses of community structure and assembly at both the host population and individual scales using extensive datasets on wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and their parasite community. An analysis of parasite community nestedness at the host population scale provided predictions about the order of infection at the individual scale, which were then tested using parasite community assembly data from individuals hosts from the same populations. Nestedness analyses revealed parasite communities were significantly more structured than random. However, observed nestedness did not differ from null models in which parasite species abundance was kept constant. We did not find consistency between observed community structure at the host population scale and within-host order of infection. Multistate-Markov models of parasite community assembly showed that a host's likelihood of infection with one parasite was not impacted by previous parasite infection, suggesting there is not a deterministic order of infection among the species we investigated in wild wood mice. Our results demonstrate that patterns at one scale (i.e. host population) do not reliably predict processes at another scale (i.e. individual host), and that neutral or stochastic processes may be driving the patterns of nestedness observed in these communities. We suggest that experimental approaches that manipulate parasite communities are needed to better link processes at multiple ecological scales.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Functional relations between body mass and risk-taking behavior in wild great tits

Natural selection often favors particular combinations of functionally-related traits, resulting in adaptive phenotypic integration. Phenotypic integration has been proposed as a potential mechanism explaining the existence of repeatable among-individual differences in behavior (i.e., animal personality). In this study, we investigated patterns of covariation between morphology and behavior in a population of free-living great tits (Parus major) monitored for seven years. In particular, we aimed to disentangle the effect of structural size versus body condition on risk-taking behavior. To do so, we repeatedly quantified multiple morphological (body mass, wing, tarsus, and bill length) and behavioral traits (aggressiveness and exploration) in 742 individual males. Structural equation modelling (SEM) allowed us to test causal a priori hypothesized relationships between the different morphological and behavioral traits. Our best-fitting SEM model supported the existence of a behavioral character, "risk-taking behavior" that covaried simultaneously with the latent variable "body size", and "body condition". Our findings thus demonstrate that an individual's morphological and behavioral traits represent expressions of an integrated phenotype, suggesting a role for phenotypic integration in generating animal personality in a wild bird population.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2021View details →

Collection of exudates from wild type mycorrhizal and non mycorrhizal roots

The aim of the experiment was to define a protocol for root exudates collection from tomato plants (Solanum lycoipersicum cv. M82) colonized or not with Funneliformis mosseae, a very common mycorrhizal fungus in nature. Mycorrhizal plants were grown on sandy soil under well-watered conditions under low nitrogen and phosphorus level alongside their not-inoculated control, non mycorrhizal, plants. Exudates were collected by washing the medium with 1 volume of sterile distilled water. Collections have been performed on mature mycorrhizas (50 days from inoculum) collecting root exudates every 4 days for 4 times. After the last collection, plants were sampled and some plant traits measured. Root exudate samples will be analysed by UNITO-DISAFA in terms of total organic carbon, organic acids, amino acids, enzymes (phosphatase and phytase) and SL content.

opencc-zeroJun 2021View details →

Introgression dynamics from invasive pigs into wild boar following the March 2011 natural and anthropogenic disasters at Fukushima

Natural and anthropogenic disasters have the capability to cause sudden extrinsic environmental changes and long-lasting perturbations including invasive species, species expansion, and influence evolution as selective pressures force adaption. Such disasters occurred on March 11th 2011, in Fukushima, Japan when an earthquake, tsunami, and meltdown of a nuclear power plant all drastically reformed anthropogenic land use. Here, we demonstrate, using genetic data, how wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax) have persevered against these environmental changes, including an invasion of escaped domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus). Concurrently, we show evidence of successful hybridization between pigs and native wild boar in this area, however in future offspring, the pig legacy has been diluted through time. We speculate that the range expansion dynamics inhibit long-term introgression and introgressed alleles will continue to decrease at each generation while only maternally inherited organelles will persist. Using the gene flow data among wild boar, we assume that offspring from hybrid lineages will continue dispersal north at low frequencies as climates warm. We conclude that future risks for wild boar in this area include intraspecies competition, revitalization of human related disruptions, and disease outbreaks.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Assembly of wild type and mutant variants of Enterohemorrhagic type IVa pili

To analyse pilus assembly, bacteria of E. coli strain BW25113 F’lacIQ were transformed with plasmid pMS41 encoding the EHEC pilus assembly genes and pCHAP8565 or its mutant derivatives encoding PpdD variants (Luna Rico et al. 2019). Bacteria were cultured for 48-72 hours on M9 minimal agar plates (Miller 1972) containing carbenicillin (100 mg.mL-1) and chloramphenicol (25 mg.mL-1). Bacteria were harvested and resuspended in LB medium at OD600nm of 1. The suspension was vortexed vigorously for 1 min to detach pili from bacteria. Bacteria were pelleted by 5-min centrifugation at 16000 g at 4°C and resuspended in SDS sample buffer at a concentration of 10 OD600nm per 1 mL. The supernatant containing pili was subjected to another round of centrifugation for 10 min. Pili were precipitated with 10% tri-chloroacetic acid on ice for 30 min and pelleted by a 30-min centrifugation at 16000g at 4°C. Pili pellets were washed twice with ice-cold acetone, air-dried and resuspended in SDS-sample buffer at a concentration equivalent to that of the bacteria. The equivalent volumes (5 ul) of each fraction were analysed by denaturing SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) on 10% polyacrylamide Tris-Tricine gels (Schägger and Von Jagow 1987). Proteins were transferred on nitrocellulose by Western blot and probed with anti-PpdD antibodies and secondary anti-rabbit antibodies coupled to HRP as described (Luna Rico et al. 2019). The fluorescent signal was recorded with a Typhoon FLA-9000 scanner (GE).

opencc-zeroJul 2021View details →

Data from: Factors Influencing Productivity of Eastern Wild Turkeys in Northeastern South Dakota

Population growth is highly sensitive to changes in reproductive rates for many avian species. Understanding how reproductive rates are related to environmental conditions can give managers insight into factors contributing to population change. Harvest trends of eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in northeastern South Dakota suggest an apparent decline in abundance in recent years. We therefore investigate factors influencing reproductive success of this important game bird to identify potential factors contributing to this decline. We monitored nesting rate, nest survival, re-nesting rate, clutch size, hatchability, and poult survival of 116 eastern wild turkey hens using VHF radio-transmitters during the springs and summers of 2017 and 2018. Heavier hens were more likely to attempt to nest than lighter hens, and adult hens were more likely to re-nest than yearling hens. Nest survival probability was lowest in agricultural fields relative to all other cover types and positively related to horizontal visual obstruction and distance to the nearest road. Daily nest survival probability demonstrated an interaction between temperature and precipitation, such that nest survival probability was lower on warm, wet days, but lowest on dry days. Egg predation was the leading cause of nest failure, followed by haying of the nest bowl and death of the incubating hen. Poults reared by adult hens had a greater probability of survival than poults reared by yearling hens. Our estimate of survival probability of poults raised by yearling hens was low relative to other studies, which may be contributing to the apparent regional population decline. However, there is little managers can do to influence poult survival in yearling hens. Alternatively, we found nest survival probability was lowest for nests initiated in agricultural fields. Wildlife-friendly harvesting practices in the region such as delayed harvesting or installation of flushing bars could help increase productivity of eastern wild turkey in northeastern South Dakota.