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FIGURE 15 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 15. Antillean stenostygnines, external morphology: chelicerae, pedipalps and legs. A–C. Heterolacurbs ovalis, male (FSCA): A. dorsal habitus; B. Chelicerae and pedipalps; C. Legs III and IV; D. Galibrotus carlotanus, male (CZACC 3.3394), tarsus IV. Abbreviations: Cx, Coxa; Tr, Trochanter; Fe, Femur; Pa, Patella; Mt, Metatarsus; Ti, Tibia; Ta, Tarsus; S, Spines; Sc, Scopula; Cl, Claws. Not at scale.

FIGURE 14 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 14. Antillean stenostygnines, external morphology: dorsal habitus. A. Caribbiantes cubanus, male (CZACC 3.3380); B. Manahunca bielawskii, male (CZACC 3.4352, neotype); C. Heterolacurbs ovalis, male (FSCA); D. Negreaella rioindiocubanicola, male (CZACC 3.4376); E. Galibrotus carlotanus, male (CZACC 3.3394); F. Decuella cf. cubaorientalis male (CZACC 3.3398); G. Bidoma indivisum male (MCZ IZ-14741, holotype); H. Vestitecola haitensis Šilhavý, 1973, female (MCZ IZ-14736, holotype). Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 13 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 13. Penial morphology of Antillean stenostygnines. A–C. Caribbiantes cubanus Šilhavý, 1973 (CZACC 3.3380): A. dorsal view, expanded; B. lateral view, expanded; C. ventral and lateral views, entire penis; D–F. Manahunca bielawskii Šilhavý, 1973 (CZACC 3.4352, neotype): D. dorsal view, expanded; E. lateral view, expanded; F. ventral and lateral views, entire penis; G–I. Heterolacurbs ovalis Roewer, 1912 (FSCA): G. dorsal view, expanded; H. lateral view, expanded; I. dorsal and lateral views, total penis; J–L. Negreaella rioindiocubanicola Avram, 1977 (CZACC 3.4376): J. dorsal view, expanded; K. lateral view, expanded; L. dorsal and lateral views, entire penis; M–O. Galibrotus carlotanus Šilhavý, 1973 (CZACC 3.3394): M. dorsal view, expanded; N. lateral view, expanded; O. dorsal and lateral views, entire penis; P–R. Decuella cf. cubaorientalis Avram, 1977 (CZACC 3.3398): P. dorsal view, expanded; Q. lateral view, expanded; R. ventral and lateral views, entire penis; S–U. Bidoma indivisum Šilhavý, 1973 (MCZ IZ 14741): S. dorsal view; T. lateral view; U. dorsal and lateral views, entire penis. Abbreviations: AP, apical process; CI, Capsula interna (two conductors and stylus); Fo, follis; Pd, pars distalis; Pb, pars basalis; Str, stragulum. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 12 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 12. Records and habitat of Caribbiantes spp. A. Map of Cuba (general and expanded sector as indicated), showing known localities of Caribbiantes cubanus (circles, type locality in red); C. obtusus sp. nov. (triangles, type locality in red) and C. barbai sp. nov. (squares, type locality in red); B. Submontane rain forest in Alejandro de Humboldt National Park, Monte Iberia, type locality of C. barbai sp. nov.; C. Mountains of Topes de Collantes, Sancti Spíritus province, record of C. cubanus and C. obtusus sp. nov.

FIGURE 11 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 11. Caribbiantes barbai sp. nov., entire (C) and distal part (A–B, D–J) of penis, A–F. Drawings with optical microscope, male holotype (CZACC 3.4380): A. Dorsal view; B. Dorsal view, expanded; C. Ventral and lateral views (entire penis); D. Left lateral view; E. Left lateral view, expanded (with enlarged detail); F. Ventral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. G–J. Scanning electron micrographs (male CZACC 3.3392): G. Dorsal view, expanded; H. Apical view, expanded; I. Left lateral view, expanded; J. Ventral view, expanded. Abbreviations: AP, apical process; AS, apical setae; CI, capsula interna; Clf, cleft; Co, conductors; Fo, follis; Led, ledge; Str, stragulum; Sty, stylus; VLS, ventrolateral setae.

FIGURE 9 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 9. Caribbiantes barbai sp. nov., habitus of male holotype (CZACC 3.4380): A–B. Dorsal view; C–D. Lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 8. Caribbiantes obtusus sp. nov., entire (C) and distal part (A–B, D–J) of penis. A–F: Drawings with optical microscope, male holotype (CZACC 3.3384), A. Dorsal view; B. Dorsal view, expanded; C. Ventral and lateral views (entire penis); D. Left lateral view; E. Left lateral view expanded (with enlarged detail); F. Ventral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. G–J. Scanning electron microscopy male CZACC 3.4379). G. Dorsal view; H. Apical view (apical portion of a conductor colored in pink); I. Ventrolateral view; J. Ventral view. Abbreviations: AP, apical process; AS, apical setae; CI, capsula interna; Clf, cleft; Co, conductors; Fo, follis; Led, ledge; Str, stragulum; Sty, stylus; VLS, ventrolateral setae.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 5. Caribbiantes cubanus, entire (C) and distal part (A–B, D–I) of penis, A–F. Drawings with optical microscope (male CZACC 3.3379): A. Dorsal view; B. Dorsal view expanded; C. Ventral and lateral views (entire penis); D. Left lateral view; E. Left lateral view expanded (with enlarged detail); F. Ventral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm; G–I. Scanning electron micrographs (male CZACC 3.3266): G. Dorsal view; H. Left lateral view; I. Ventral view. Abbreviations: AP, apical process; AS, apical setae; CI, capsula interna; Clf, cleft; Co, conductors; Fo, follis; Led, ledge; Str, stragulum; Sty, stylus; VLS, ventrolateral setae.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 3. Glandular structure of male metatarsus III in Caribbiantes cubanus. A. Light microscope photo, male (CZACC 3.4372), general view of the whole metatarsus III (divided into four quarters to facilitate comparisons); B–E., Scanning electron micrographs, male (CZACC 3.3266): B. View of the glandular swelling, dashed line delineates the form of the ventral, buttonhole-like groove; C. Close-up of the groove delimited in B, note its depth; D. Closer zoom into the groove, white arrow indicates a seta (long paint brush, basally striated and twisted), small arrowheads point to glandular openings (pores) irregularly arranged around the setae; E. Detail of the integument of the ventral groove.

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 4. Caribbiantes cubanus, male (CZACC 3. 4372), tarsus III, ventral view of the two tarsomeres of the distitarsus and claws, showing the bipartite scopula. Abbreviations: Cl, claw; Sc, scopula. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 2. Caribbiantes cubanus, male holotype (MCZ IZ-14702), right pedipalp (trochanter to tarsus): A. pedipalp mesal view; B. pedipalp ectal view. Abbreviations: Tr, trochanter; Fe, femur; Pa, patella; Ti, tibia; Ta, tarsus; TC, tarsal claw; S, spine; edS, ectodistal spines; g, gap in the tubercles series. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 10 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 10. Glandular structure of male metatarsus III in Caribbiantes barbai sp. nov. A. Light microscope photo, holotype male (CZACC 3. 4380), general view of the whole metatarsus III (divided into four quarters to facilitate comparisons); B–E. Scanning electron micrographs, male (CZACC 3.3392); B. View of the glandular swelling, dashed line delineates the form of the ventral, buttonhole-like groove; C. Close-up of the groove delimited in B, note the depth of the groove; D. Closer zoom into the groove, white arrow shows a seta (long paint brush, basally striated and twisted), small arrowheads indicate glandular openings (pores) regularly arranged around the setae; E. Detail of the integument and pores (arrowheads) of the ventral groove.

FIGURE 7 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 7. Glandular structure of male metatarsus III in Caribbiantes obtusus sp. nov. (male CZACC 3.4379). A. Light microscope photo, general view of the whole metatarsus III (divided into four quarters to facilitate comparisons); B–E. Scanning electron micrographs: B. View of the glandular swelling, dashed line delineates the form of the ventral, buttonhole-like groove; C. Close-up of the groove delimited in B, note the depth of the groove; D. Closer zoom into the groove, arrows show setae (long paint brush, basally striated and twisted); E. Integument of the ventral groove, white arrowheads indicate glandular openings (pores) irregularly arranged around the setae.

FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Caribbiantes, with the redescription of the type species and a review of male genital patterns in Antillean Stenostygninae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Biantidae)

FIGURE 1. Caribbiantes cubanus, habitus: A–B, holotype, α male (MCZ IZ-14702). A. dorsal view; B. lateral view; C–D, β male (CZACC 3.3380). C. dorsal view; D. lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 46–51. Notophlebia jobi. 46–49 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

FIGURES 46–51. Notophlebia jobi. 46–49, third segment of maxillary palp (46 and 48, ventral side; 47 and 49, dorsal side); 50–51, base of third segment of labial palp, dorsal side).

FIGURES 31–45. 31–38 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

FIGURES 31–45. 31–38, Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n.; 39–45, Notophlebia jobi. 31–34 and 40–43, tergalii of I, II, V and VI pairs (ventral lamella turned back); 35, claw; 36 and 44, pronotum and mesonotum of last instar larva; 37 and 45, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of mature male larva and protopenis, dorsal view (gonoducts lined by cuticle shown by interrupted lines); 38 and 39, posterior margin of larval abdominal tergum VI (37, 38, holotype).

FIGURES 52–54. Notophlebia jobi. 52 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

FIGURES 52–54. Notophlebia jobi. 52, distal part of larval fore tibia, posterior side; 53, the same, anterior side; 54, distal part of larval middle tibia, anterior side. Abbreviations: a, row of stout setae on anterior side; h, hair-like setae on outer side; p, row of stout setae on posterior side.

FIGURES 11–20 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

FIGURES 11–20. Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n. 11, male imaginal mesonotum; 12, male subimaginal exuviae of right half of mesonotum. 13–19, legs at the same magnification (arrows show ontogenesis): 13, fore leg of male imago; 14, fore leg of male larva (long hair-like setae not shown); 15–17, fore, middle and hind legs of male subimago; 18, hind leg of male imago; 19, fore leg of female imago. 20, tarsus of larval hind leg before molt to subimago (larval cuticle shown as optic section by black; subimaginal cuticle shown by integral lines; imaginal claw developing under subimaginal cuticle shown by interrupted lines). 21, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of mature female larva; 22, the same, of female imago (12–18, holotype). Abbreviations: LPs, lateroparapsidal suture; MNS, mesonotal suture; MPs, medioparapsidal suture.

FIGURES 4–10 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

FIGURES 4–10. Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n. Larval mouthparts (at the same magnification, except 6). 4, hypopharynx and superlinguae; 5, labrum (setae of distal transverse row not shown, their bases shown as dots and levels of their apices shown by dotted line); 6, apex of maxilla, ventral view; 7, maxilla, ventral view (apical and median setae not shown, their apices shown by dotted lines); 8, labium (dorsal view at left, ventral view at right); 9, apex of labial palp, dorsal view; 10, left mandible (5, 10, holotype).

FIGURES 26–30 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

FIGURES 26–30. Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n., genitals of male imago. 26, genitals at rest, ventral view; 27 penis apex, ventral side; 28, the same, dorsal side; 29, genitals in excited condition, with gonostylus turned ventrally and penes projected; 30, penis apex, apical-dorsal side (26–28, holotype).