Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2020View details →

The Situation of South Korea regarding the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak

Drive-Through Screening Centers for COVID-19

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2009View details →

Figure 5 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)

Figure 5. Habitus (left lateral aspect) of S. jessoensis, first instar; legs not shown.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2009View details →

Figure 16 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)

Figure 16. Habitus (left lateral aspect) of P. aequinoctialis, first instar; legs not shown.

opencc-zeroFeb 2020View details →

Small shelly fossils and carbon isotopes from the early Cambrian (Stage 3-4) Mural Formation of western Laurentia

The extraordinary window of phosphatised and phosphatic Small Shelly Fossils (SSFs) during the early and middle Cambrian is an important testament to the radiation of biomineralising metazoans. While SSF are well known from most Cambrian palaeocontinents during this time interval, western Laurentia has relatively few SSF faunas. Here we describe a diverse SSF fauna from the early Cambrian (Stage 3-4) Mural Formation at three localities in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada, complemented by carbon isotope measurements at two of the recorded sites to aid in a potential future bio-chemostratigraphic framework.. The fauna expands the recorded SSF assemblage diversity in western Laurentia and includes several brachiopods, four bradoriids, three chancelloriids, two hyoliths, a tommotiid and a helcionellid mollusc as well as echinoderm ossicles and specimens of Microdictyon, Volborthella and Hyolithellus. New taxa include the tommotiid genus Canadiella gen. nov., the new bradoriid species Hipponicharion perforata sp. nov. and Pseudobeyrichona taurata sp. nov. Compared to contemporaneous faunas from western Laurentia, the fauna is rich, particularly in taxa with originally phosphatic shells, which appear to be associated with archaeocyathid buildups. This suggests that the generally low faunal diversity in western Laurentia may be at least partly a consequence of poor sampling of suitable archaeocyathan reef environments. In addition, the tommotiid Canadiella filigrana appears to be of biostratigraphic significance in Cambrian Stage 3 strata of western Laurentia and the unexpected high diversity of bradoriid arthropods in the fauna also suggests that this group may prove useful for biostratigraphic resolution in the region.

opencc-by-nc-nd-4.0Feb 2020View details →

Virtual cameras, avatars and real footage of a focus group staged in SQUIVE

A 5-minute video clip can be found online which shows a 2D screen capture of the viewport of a user in SQUIVE (Staging Qualitative Immersive Virtualisation Engine) on a walking tour through the theatre site showing time-slices of the cohort of experimental subjects engaged in different activities across four rooms, for example briefing and dressing, contact dance preparation, exoskeleton performance and focus group. Animated avatars substitute for each participant and the reconstructed 3D scene is populated with virtual cameras that substitute for the actual cameras that recorded the event. Each virtual camera can be selected to re-view the reconstructed scene from the perspective of the actual 2D and 360° camera footage. Moreover, a user can launch AVA360VR (Annotate, Visualise, Analyse 360° video in Virtual Reality) from any virtual 360° camera, so that the user can annotate the clip recorded by any physical camera or microphone in the scene concurrently during the same time-slice.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

Data from: Risk of predation on offspring reduces parental provisioning, but not flight performance or survival across early life stages

<ol> <li>Developmental responses can help young animals reduce predation risk but can also yield costs to performance and survival in subsequent life stages with major implications for lifetime fitness. Compensatory mechanisms may evolve to offset such costs, but evidence from natural systems is largely lacking.</li> <li>In songbirds, increased nest predation risk should favour reduced provisioning, but also young that fledge (leave their nest) at an earlier age. Both responses can result in fledglings with shorter wings, reduced mobility, and decreased survival. Young may compensate for shorter wings developmentally by reallocating resources towards feather development or behaviourally by adjusting flight kinematics or habitat use. However, underfed young may lack the capacity to express these phenotypes due to insufficient resources or an inability to adjust allocation of resources.</li> <li>Using predation risk experiments and 29 years of observational field data, we test whether increased nest predation risk reduces flight performance and survival during the fledgling stage and explore potential mechanisms that might underlie these effects. We show that young from high-risk nests did not leave the nest earlier on average, but wing growth was slower likely due to observed reductions in parental feeding rates. Wings were shorter in high-risk nests when fledglings left the nest early. Yet, fledglings from high-risk nests showed improved flight performance for a given wing length such that flight performance at fledging did not differ between young from high-risk and low-risk nests. Young from high-risk nests may have offset the costs of shorter wings on flight performance by accelerating the emergence of flight feathers from their sheaths to reduce wing porosity, though evidence for this mechanism was mixed. Fledglings from high-risk nests also selected habitat with denser woody vegetation compared with young from low-risk nests.</li> <li>Together, these developmental and behavioural responses seem to mitigate the expected effects of increased nest predation risk on fledgling survival. Ultimately, our results show that offspring predation risk can affect parental provisioning and offspring morphology without major implications for performance and survival in subsequent life stages.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Evolution of putative barrier loci at an intermediate stage of speciation with gene flow in campions (Silene)

Understanding the origin of new species is a central goal in evolutionary biology. Diverging lineages often evolve highly heterogeneous patterns of genetic differentiation; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated evolutionary processes governing genetic differentiation between the hybridizing campions Silene dioica (L.) Clairv. and S. latifolia Poiret. Demographic modeling indicated that the two species diverged with gene flow. The best-supported scenario with heterogeneity in both migration rate and effective population size suggested that a small proportion of the loci evolved without gene flow. Differentiation (FST) and sequence divergence (dXY) were correlated and both tended to peak in the middle of most linkage groups, consistent with reduced gene flow at highly differentiated loci. Highly differentiated loci further exhibited signatures of selection. In between-species population pairs, isolation by distance was stronger for genomic regions with low between-species differentiation than for highly differentiated regions that may contain barrier loci. Moreover, differentiation landscapes within and between species were only weakly correlated suggesting that linked selection due to shared recombination and gene density landscapes is not the dominant determinant of genetic differentiation in these lineages. Instead, our results suggest that divergent selection shaped the genomic landscape of differentiation between the two Silene species, consistent with predictions for speciation in the face of gene flow.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Dataset: Object condensation: one-stage grid-free multi-object reconstruction in physics detectors, graph, and image data

This dataset is the dataset used to train and test the object condensation particle flow approach described in <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.03605">arxiv:2002.03605</a>. The data can be read with DeepJetCore 3.1 (https://github.com/DL4Jets/DeepJetCore) The entries in the truth array are of dimension (batch, 200, N_truth). The truth inputs are: isElectron, isGamma, isPositron, true_energy, true_x, true_y The entries in the feature array are of dimension (batch, 200, N_features), with the features being: rechit_energy, rechit_x, rechit_y, rechit_z, rechit_layer, rechit_detid The "train.zip" file contains the training sample The "test.zip" file the test sample The main test sample is identical to the training sample in composition, but statistically independent. Other samples can be found in subfolders: test/flatNpart: sample with flat distribution of additional particles in the event w.r.t. each individual particle Test/hiNPart: sample with up to 15 particles per event

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

Does the spatial sorting of dispersal traits affect the phenotype of the non-dispersing stages of the invasive frog Xenopus laevis through coupling?

Over ten weeks, we surveyed the development of X. laevis tadpoles in the French invasive range by conducting experiments in outdoor mesocosms and in laboratory microcosms, from free-swimming larvae to metamorphosis. We tested the effect of the location of the parental pond in the colonised range (core or periphery) on morphological traits related to dispersal (SVL and hind limb length), time to metamorphosis (development) and survival to metamorphosis. This excel spreadsheet contains the metadata and data spreadsheets used in the analysis. In addition to the first metadata sheet, the file contains nine additional sheets each containing data used in the separate analysis as outlined in the manuscript.

opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →

Competition for pollination and isolation from mates differentially impact four stages of pollination in a model grassland perennial

1. Species that persist in small populations isolated by habitat destruction may experience reproductive failure. Self-incompatible plants face dual threats of mate-limitation and competition with co-flowering plants for pollination services. Such competition may lower pollinator visitation, increase heterospecific pollen transfer, and reduce the likelihood that a visit results in successful pollination. 2. To understand how isolation from mates and competition with co-flowering species contribute to reproductive failure in fragmented habitat, we conducted an observational study of a tallgrass prairie perennial, Echinacea angustifolia. We quantified the isolation of focal individuals from mates, characterized species richness and counted inflorescences within 1m radius, observed pollinator visitation, collected pollinators, quantified pollen loads on pollinators and on Echinacea stigmas, and measured pollination success. Throughout the season, we sampled 223 focal plants. 3. We present evidence that both co-flowering species and isolation from mates substantially limit reproduction in Echinacea. As the flowering season progressed, the probability of pollinator visitation to focal plants decreased and evidence for pollen-limited reproduction increased. Pollinators were most likely to visit Echinacea plants from low-richness floral neighbourhoods with close potential mates, or plants from high-richness neighbourhoods with distant potential mates. Frequent visitation only increased pollination success in the former case, likely because Echinacea in high-richness floral neighbourhoods received low-quality visits. 4. Synthesis: In Echinacea, reproduction was limited by isolation from potential mates and the richness of co-flowering species. These aspects of the floral neighbourhood influenced pollinator visitation and pollination success, although conditions that predicted high visitation did not always lead to high pollination success. These results reveal how habitat modification and destruction, which influence floral neighbourhood and isolation from conspecific mates, can differentially affect various stages of reproductive biology in self-incompatible plants. Our results suggest that prairie conservation and restoration efforts that promote patches of greater floral diversity may improve reproductive outcomes in fragmented habitats.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Data from: Spatiotemporal dynamics of the ant community in a dry forest differ by vertical strata but not by successional stage

Ants are diverse and ecologically important organisms in tropical forests, where their spatiotemporal distribution can be highly complex. This complexity arises mainly from marked differences in microclimatic conditions and resource availability through space and time that is even more evident in highly seasonal environments, such as tropical dry forests. However, it is unclear how seasonality interacts with other factors that might shape temporal variation of ant composition (β-diversity), like vertical strata and habitat disturbance. Our goal was to examine the potential influence of vertical stratification and the successional stage on the spatiotemporal variation of a tropical dry forest's ant species composition. We assessed whether species turnover or nestedness was the main component determining the spatiotemporal β-diversity of ant communities across the canopy and litter strata. We sampled canopy and litter ants in ten plots, half in the early and half on the late-stage of secondary succession at four times, twice in wet and twice in dry season. A high species turnover defined the spatiotemporal β-diversity of canopy and litter ant communities across years and seasons in our focal dry forests. Importantly, the temporal ant species composition was much more stable in the canopy than in the litter. Moreover, we found that the ant community's temporal dynamics was consistently high across successional stages, not differing in the temporal β-diversity between early and late succession. Our results provide valuable insights into the potential underlying causes of community assembly and spatiotemporal dynamics in seasonal habitats, like the highly-threatened and diverse tropical dry forests.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Dead litter of resident species first facilitates and then inhibits sequential life stages of range-expanding species

1. Resident species can facilitate invading species (biotic assistance) or inhibit their expansion (biotic resistance). Species interactions are often context-dependent and the relative importance of biotic assistance versus resistance could vary with abiotic conditions or the life stage of the invading species, as invader stress tolerances and resource requirements change with ontogeny. In northeast Florida salt marshes, the abundant dead litter (wrack) of the native marsh cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, could influence the expansion success of the black mangrove, Avicennia germinans, a tropical species that is expanding its range northward. 2. We used two field experiments to examine how S. alterniflora wrack affects A. germinans success during 1) propagule establishment and 2) subsequent seedling survival. We also conducted laboratory feeding assays to identify propagule consumers and assess how wrack presence influences herbivory on mangrove propagules. 3. S. alterniflora wrack facilitated A. germinans establishment by promoting propagule recruitment, retention, and rooting; the tidal regime influenced the magnitude of these effects. However, over time S. alterniflora wrack inhibited A. germinans seedling success by smothering seedlings and attracting herbivore consumers. Feeding assays identified rodents – which seek refuge in wrack – as consumers of A. germinans propagules. 4. Synthesis: Our results suggest that the deleterious effects of S. alterniflora wrack on A. germinans seedling survival counterbalance the initial beneficial effects of wrack on A. germinans seed establishment. Such seed-seedling conflicts can arise when species stress tolerances and resource requirements change throughout development and vary with abiotic conditions. In concert with the tidal conditions, the relative importance of positive and negative interactions with wrack at each life stage can influence the rate of local and regional mangrove expansion. Because interaction strengths can change in direction and magnitude with ontogeny, it is essential to examine resident-invader interactions at multiple life stages and across environmental gradients to uncover the mechanisms of assistance and resistance during invasion.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

bachelor-thesis: Rapid Review - Identified Tools to Support SLR Including Features and Supported Stages

This item presents the identified tools to support SLR and the supported stages and features of these tools.

Figure 7 in Agistemus collyerae (Acari: Trombidiformes: Stigmaeidae) in South Africa: first record, introduction pathways and a re-description including additional life stages

Figure 7 Male Agistemus collyerae: A – leg I; B – leg II.

Figure 2 in Agistemus collyerae (Acari: Trombidiformes: Stigmaeidae) in South Africa: first record, introduction pathways and a re-description including additional life stages

Figure 2 Female Agistemus collyerae: A – dorsum; B – dorsal setae.

Figure 1 in Agistemus collyerae (Acari: Trombidiformes: Stigmaeidae) in South Africa: first record, introduction pathways and a re-description including additional life stages

Figure 1 Female Agistemus collyerae: Dorsal view (photo).

Figure 8 in Agistemus collyerae (Acari: Trombidiformes: Stigmaeidae) in South Africa: first record, introduction pathways and a re-description including additional life stages

Figure 8 Male Agistemus collyerae: A – leg III; B – leg IV.