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opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Fig. 7 in In situ experiments on the effect of low pH on the ultrastructure of the seagrasses Cymodocea nodosa and Posidonia oceanica Abstract

Fig. 7: A-D. TEM micrographs of young epidermal cells of P. oceanica after three weeks transfer at S1 area. A. Part of an epidermal cell of P. oceanica with warped cell walls, distorted cytoplasm, and a large nucleus with condensed chromatin masses. B. Chloroplast with remnants of disorganized cisternae and round plastoglobuli. C. Chloroplasts with large starch grains surrounded by a system of electron-dense elongated and/or round plastoglobuli. Mitochondria with a few broken dilated cristae are visible. D. Fragmented ER membranes arranged along the cell periphery. Scale bars = 1 μm (A), 0.5μm (B, C) and 0.2μm (D).

Fig. 5 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 5: Temporal evolution of the coverage percentage of the epiphytic assemblages (June, August, and October) at the studied stations.

Fig. 6 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 6: Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot of the epiphytic assemblages: a) June (stress = 0.16); b) August (stress = 0.15); c) October (stress = 0.12); d) three months plotted together (stress = 0.25) to highlight the evolution of the community over time. Circles indicate N3, empty triangles indicate Vu3; inverse filled triangles indicate Vu6; quadrats identify the control (NC). Colors indicate sampling month: black = June; dark gray = August; and light gray = October.

Fig. 1 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 1: Map of the study area (Ischia, Italy) showing the locations of stations (N3, Vu3, Vu6, and the control). The table reports on the right corner which of the vent systems the station belongs to, the station's identification code (ID), the depth, and the mean ± SD of pH measured.

Fig. 3 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 3: Percentage of leaves showing different types of leaf apex erosion (intact, mechanical, and biological) over time at the studied stations. At least 30 of the oldest leaves were examined at each month and station.

Fig. 4 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 4: Percentage of different types of biological apex erosion (Sarpa salpa, sea urchins, and crustaceans) during time at the studied stations and considering only the leaves showing biological erosion.

Fig. 2 in Effects of ocean acidification on phenology and epiphytes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at two CO vent systems of Ischia (Italy) Abstract

Fig. 2: Temporal variation in Posidonia oceanica morphological features at the studied stations: mean shoot density (a), mean number of leaves per shoot (b), and mean leaf length (c) and width (d). Bars represent the standard deviation. Gray colors indicate low pH conditions: N3 (pH 7.21 ± 0.34), Vu3, and Vu6 (pH 7.26 ± 0.48); and white indicates the control station (NC; pH 8.00 ± 0.08). Asterisks highlight features that show significant differences according to pH conditions.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Fig 1 in Sub-lethal toxic effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl ) on freshwater murrel Channa punctata (BLOCH)

Fig 1: Protein Content of the tissues (gill and liver) of C. punctata at 5 ppm and 10 ppm of CdCl2 after 7 days of exposure

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid water transport in gas diffusion layers of proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Impact of gas diffusion layer and microporous layer degradation on effective transport properties

Underlying data to publication Sarkezi-Selsky et al., J. Pow. Sour. 556 (2023) 232415, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232415  Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) represent a promising technology for clean drivetrain solutions, in particular for heavy-duty applications. However, lifetime requirements demand high durability of each cell component. In this work, transport of liquid water through pristine and degraded gas diffusion layers (GDL) was simulated with a 3D Color-Gradient Lattice Boltzmann model. The GDL microstructure was reconstructed from high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) of an impregnated Freudenberg H14. The effect of a microporous layer (MPL) was considered by reconstruction of an impregnated and MPL-coated H14. Aged microstructures were generated artificially, assuming loss of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) within the GDL and increase of MPL macroporosity as main degradation mechanisms. Liquid water transport within aged microstructures was simulated by imposing a liquid phase flow rate until breakthrough was reached. Subsequently, the GDL microstructures were analyzed for their breakthrough characteristics by means of saturation and effective gas transport properties. When the MPL was pristine, no distinct GDL degradation effect was observable, this was attributed to the MPL dominating capillary transport. MPL aging, however, led to increased saturations and thus to a deterioration of the effective gas transport. With a partially degraded MPL, aging of the GDL then appeared to affect the breakthrough characteristics.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Data on Effects of the Incorporation of Luminescent Vanadate Nanoparticles in Lithium-borate Glass Matrices by Various Methods

The glass-ceramic materials studied in this work are designed using combinations of lithium-vanadate-borate glass matrices and lanthanum/rare earth (RE) vanadate nanoparticles. Three different techniques of sintering of the glass matrix and vanadate nanoparticles are investigated. Morphological characteristics and spectral properties of the glass-ceramic samples obtained by different techniques are investigated and analyzed in comparison with the properties of the original glass matrices. The luminescence spectra of all glass-ceramic samples consist of a wideband glass matrix emission and the characteristic line emission of the RE ions incorporated into the glass matrices as nanoparticles. The RE luminescence of these glass-ceramics is promising for various optoelectronic applications. Recommendations for the next development of new glass-ceramic techniques and materials are discussed.

Fig. 1 in Assessing The Effect Of Toe Clipping On The Yellow Bellied Toads

Fig. 1. The map of the study area. The permanent pond (Şercheş) and the temporary pond network (open and black circles) are showed. Black circles represent those temporary ponds that where used

Fig. 3 in Inquiline Effects On A Multilocular Gall Community

Fig. 3. Scatter plots of the gall diameter and the number of emerged individuals relationships for inquiline-free (❍) and inquilined galls (●).

Fig. 2 in Inquiline Effects On A Multilocular Gall Community

Fig. 2. Averages and SE of the studied parameters for the inquiline-free and inquilined galls for the diameter (a), number of emerged individuals (b), and Shannon diversity (c); A – inquiline-free galls, B – inquilined galls.

Fig. 1. a in Inquiline Effects On A Multilocular Gall Community

Fig. 1. a) Distribution of emerged Periclistus brandtii individuals among attacked galls; b) Scatter plot of the gall diameter and the rate of inquilinism (P. brandtii) (r = –0.59, P <0.01); c) Scatter plot of the gall diameter and the number of emerged inquiline (P. brandtii) specimens (r = 0.08, P = N.S.)

Fig. 2 in Intraspecific Genetic Variation And Phylogeography Of The Oak Gallwasp Andricus Caputmedusae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): Effects Of The Anatolian Diagonal

Fig. 2. UPGMA dendrogram of A. caputmedusae populations (see Fig. 1 and Table 1) based on pair wise estimates of percentage sequence divergence. A. q. H-1, A. q. H-2 are the haplotypes of A. quercustozae and A. l. H is the haplotype of A. lucidus gall wasp species used as outgroups. Numbers above branches represent the bootstrap values obtained from 1000 replicates of the restriction fragment data between the haplotypes. Support

Fig. 4 in Intraspecific Genetic Variation And Phylogeography Of The Oak Gallwasp Andricus Caputmedusae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): Effects Of The Anatolian Diagonal

Fig. 4. Unrooted Dollo parsimony majority-rule consensus tree of mtDNA haplotypes. Numbers at nodes indicates bootstrap values. Support values <50% are not represented

Fig. 2 in Spatial Variation In Prey Composition And Its Possible Effect On Reproductive Success In An Expanding Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila Heliaca) Population

Fig. 2. Cluster analyses of imperial eagle breeding areas based on prey composition data. Region codes are presented in Fig. 1. Codes with bold characters represent mountainous habitats. The single breeding pair of the Cserehát Mountains was excluded from the analysis, because of low sample size

Fig. 1 in Intraspecific Genetic Variation And Phylogeography Of The Oak Gallwasp Andricus Caputmedusae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): Effects Of The Anatolian Diagonal

Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of the twenty six Andricus caputmedusae populations used in the present study and the location of the Anatolian Diagonal (indicated by dashed line) shown in a topo-

Fig. 3 in Spatial Variation In Prey Composition And Its Possible Effect On Reproductive Success In An Expanding Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila Heliaca) Population

Fig. 3. Frequency of the three main prey species (a-c) and reproductive success (d) of imperial eagles in two East-Hungarian regions. Boxplots presents the minimum-maximum (whiskers), lower and upper quartiles (box) and the median (line) of the data. Dots are outliers. Significance of difference is in-