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FIGURES 8–11. 8 in An illustrated and annotated catalogue of type specimens of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) in the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium), with taxonomic changes
FIGURES 8–11. 8. Dichomeris craspedotis (Meyrick, 1937), holotype, male. 8a. Adult. 8b, labels. 8c. head, lateral view. 8d, male genitalia. 8e, phallus. 9, 10. Dichomeris leontovitchi (Ghesquière, 1940). 9. Paratype, male. 9a, adult. 9b, labels. 9c, head, lateral view. 9d, male genitalia. 9e, phallus. 10. Holotype, female. 10a, adult. 10b, labels. 10c. female genitalia. 11. Dichomeris loxonoma Meyrick, 1937, holotype, male. 11a, adult. 11b, labels. 11c, head, lateral view.
FIGURES 4–7. 4. Brachmia infixa Meyrick, 1938, holotype. 4a, adult. 4b, labels. 5 in An illustrated and annotated catalogue of type specimens of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) in the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium), with taxonomic changes
FIGURES 4–7. 4. Brachmia infixa Meyrick, 1938, holotype. 4a, adult. 4b, labels. 5. Helcystogramma leucopla (Meyrick, 1938), holotype, male. 5a, adult. 5b, labels. 5c, male genitalia. 5d, phallus. 6. Helcystogramma neuroplecta (Meyrick, 1938), holotype, female. 6a, adult. 6b, labels. 6c, female genitalia. 7. Helcystogramma synclepta (Meyrick, 1938), holotype, male. 7a, adult. 7b, labels. 7c, male genitalia. 7d, phallus.
FIGURES 17–20. 17 in An illustrated and annotated catalogue of type specimens of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) in the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium), with taxonomic changes
FIGURES 17–20. 17. Trichembola oreia Ghesquière, 1940, holotype, male. 17a, adult. 17b, labels. 17c, head, lateral view. 17d, male genitalia. 17e, phallus. 17f, abdominal terga V–VIII with anterior bands of microtrichia. 18. Trichembola palynata Ghesquière, 1940, holotype, male. 18a, adult. 18b, labels. 18c, head, lateral view. 18d, male genitalia. 18e, phallus. 18f, abdomen; terga IV–VII with anterior bands of microtrichia. 19. Leuronoma allomima (Meyrick, 1938), holotype, male. 19a, adult. 19b, labels. 19c, male genitalia. 19d, phallus. 20. Metzneria sanguinea Meyrick, 1934, holotype, female. 20a, adult. 20b, labels. 20c, female genitalia.
FIGURES 25–30. 25, 26 in An illustrated and annotated catalogue of type specimens of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) in the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium), with taxonomic changes
FIGURES 25–30. 25, 26. Paltoloma paleata Ghesquière, 1940. 25. Holotype, male. 25a, adult. 25b, labels. 25c, male genitalia. 25d, phallus. 26. Paratype, male. 26a, adult. 26b, labels. 26c, head, lateral view. 26d, male genitalia, lateral view. 26e, phallus. 27–30. [no available genus] phaeomicta Meyrick, 1936. 27. Lectotype. 27a, adult. 27b, labels. 27c, male genitalia. 27d, phallus. 28. Paralectotype. 28a, adult. 28b, labels. 29. Paralectotype. 29a, adult. 29b, labels. 29c, head, lateral view. 30. Paralectotype, phallus (gen. slide 207/24, O. Bidzilya).
FIGURES 21–24. 21 in An illustrated and annotated catalogue of type specimens of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) in the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium), with taxonomic changes
FIGURES 21–24. 21. Photodotis modulatrix (Meyrick, 1938), holotype, male. 21a, adult. 21b, labels. 21c, male genitalia. 22. Armatophallus exoenota (Meyrick, 1918), holotype, male. 22a, adult. 22b, labels. 22c, male genitalia. 22d, phallus. 23. Scrobipalpa ergasima (Meyrick, 1916), holotype, male. 23a, adult. 23b, labels. 24. Scrobipalpa subroseata (Meyrick, 1932), holotype, male. 24a, adult. 24b, labels. 24c, male genitalia. 24d, phallus.
FIGURE 1. Bulbostylis albidostricta.—A. Habit.—B1, B2 and B3. Inflorescences.—C. Nutlets. From the type specimen H. & E. Hess 51 in Bulbostylis albidostricta (Abildgaardieae, Cyperaceae): a new sedge species from Angola
FIGURE 1. Bulbostylis albidostricta.—A. Habit.—B1, B2 and B3. Inflorescences.—C. Nutlets. From the type specimen H. & E. Hess 51/253.
FIGURE 1 in The phylogenetic position of Polysiphonia scopulorum (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular analyses and morphological observations of specimens from the type locality in Western Australia
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree of the genus Polysiphonia sensu lato and outgroup taxon estimated with Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) analysis of rbcL sequences. Samples in bold type represent our data collected from Rottnest Island, Western Australia, while samples in plain type were downloaded from GenBank. Values at nodes indicate ML bootstrap support (BP) and the scale indicates substitutions per site.
FIGURE 2. Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey. A in The phylogenetic position of Polysiphonia scopulorum (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular analyses and morphological observations of specimens from the type locality in Western Australia
FIGURE 2. Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey. A: Tetrasporophyte (Rottnest Island, Australia; 11 November 2015); B & C: Prostrate axes and numerous erect axes; D: Unicellular rhizoid in open connection (arrowhead) with a pericentral cell and apex of prostrate axes (arrow); E: Unicellular rhizoid in open connection (arrowhead) with pericentral cell and erect axes (arrow); F: Irregular branching pattern; G: Scar cells on erect axes; H: Cross-section of erect axes; I: Discoid rhodoplasts in pericentral cells; J: Apical cell (arrowhead) and endogenous branching (arrows) in erect axes; K–M: Apical cell (arrowhead) and exogenous branching (arrows) in erect axes; N: Apex of erect axes (arrowhead: apical cell); O & P: Trichoblast; Q: Adventitious branch (arrowhead); R: Tetrahedrally divided tetrasporangia; S: Tetrasporangia (arrowheads) and trichoblast or scar cells (arrows); T: Cross-section of tetrasporangial branch (arrowheads: pericentral cells, arrows: presporangial cover cells, t: tetrasporangium, cc: central cell); U: Slightly spiral arrangement of tetrasporangial series (Scale bars: A = 5 mm, B, C, F = 500 μm; D, E, H, I, Q, R, S, T = 50 μm; G, P, U = 100 μm; J–M = 20 μm; N = 30 μm; O = 200 μm).
FIGURE 1. Type specimens for this paper. e in Taxonomic treatment of the Ficus auriculata complex (Moraceae) and typification of some related names
FIGURE 1. Type specimens for this paper. e, Holotype of F. hainanensis Merr. & Chun; f, Holotype of F. beipeiensis S. S. Chang. (Photos: courtesy of related herbaria).
FIGURE 1. Type specimens for this paper. a in Taxonomic treatment of the Ficus auriculata complex (Moraceae) and typification of some related names
FIGURE 1. Type specimens for this paper. a, Neotype of Ficus auriculata Lour.; b, Lectotype of F. macrophylla Roxb. & Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.; c, Lectotype of F. sclerocarpa Griff.; d, Lectotype of F. oligodon Miq. (Photos: courtesy of related herbaria).
FIGURE 1. Type specimen, Pedicularis husainiana P. Agnihotri, D. Husain, D. Sahoo & S.K in A new species and typification in Pedicularis series Curvipes (Orobanchaceae)
FIGURE 1. Type specimen, Pedicularis husainiana P. Agnihotri, D. Husain, D. Sahoo & S.K. Barik sp. nov.
FIGURES 153–156 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 153–156. Details of two species currently placed in Cerataulus but with characters associated with Trieres and Parodontella. Figs 153,155.Cerataulus strelnikovae P.A. Sims and D.M. Williams, sp. nov. (Vema Cruise 17, core 107, 175cm). Fig. 152. Valve exterior, broadly lanceolate valve with apical elevations lying in opposing directions, 5 stout subcentral spines, the openings of rimoportulae surrounding a central annulus; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 155. Detail of transapical rows of irregularly arranged fine poresr within annulus, linked spinules covering annulus (sternum); scale bar = 1 μm. Figs 154–156. Cerataulus granulata (Roper) P.A. Sims & D.M. Williams, comb. nov. ("Wunderluss", locality unknown, ex Brigger colln, BM). Fig. 154. Valve exterior, lanceolate valve with elevations in opposing directions, an ocellus on summit, 2 stout hollow spines, the openings of rimoportulae lying centrally in a subpolar position on opposing sides of a central sternum; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 155. Detail of valve exterior with transapical quadruple rows of fine pores meeting annulus (sternum) extending between rimoportulae; scale bar = 1 μm.
FIGURES 148–152 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 148–152. Ralfsiella smithii (=Cerataulus smithii Ralfs in Pritchard) (Beaufort, South Carolina, USA). Fig. 148. Circular valve face with opposing narrow submarginal elevations; positioned midway submarginal hollow spines, the exterior openings of rimoportulae; valve surface covered in a mostly radial pattern of false pseudoloculi, valve mantle slightly indented where it joins narrow hyaline valve margin; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 149. Summit of elevation with rimmed ocellus; scale bar = 2 μm. Fig. 150. Frustule with attached girdle bands, flat valve face merging into rounded mantle, barely raised elevations; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 151. Irregular false pseudoloculi, basal layer with a single poroid areola occluded by a simple raised cribrum; scale bar = 1 μm.
FIGURES 139–143 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 139–143. Pseudictyota bicorne (Cleve) P.A. Sims & D.M. Williams (Thursday Island, Queensland, Australia). Fig. 139. Rhombic valve exterior with elevations at opposing narrow apices, valve margin expanded midway between elevations; valve covered in irregular pattern of false pseudoloculi, mantle incurved and attached to expanded hyaline valve margin by costae; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 140. Valve and attached valvocopula tilted showing interior with regular uninterrupted radial rows of poroid areolae; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 141. Mantle view with barely raised elevations, an ocellus on summit and raised valve centre; scale bar = 3 μm. Fig. 142. Detail of false pseudoloculi, basal layer with poroid areolae most occluded by cribra with a specialised pore (arrow) in most sectors; scale bar = 1 μm. Fig. 143. Interior, midway between elevations, opening from submarginal rimoportula (arrow) and expanded pars interior of valvocopula (typical of the genus); scale bar = 1 μm.
FIGURES 133–138 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 133–138. Pseudictyota dubium (Brightwell) P.A. Sims & D.M. Williams (Clarence River, New South Wales, Australia). Fig. 133. Hexagonal valve exterior with attached valvocopula, alternate apices with short elevations an ocellus at each summit, irregular pattern of false pseudoloculi covering valve, those at valve centre larger, valve margin expanded with costae linking valve mantle to mantle; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 134. Valve interior with uninterrupted radial rows of poroid areolae and openings from three submarginal rimoportulae positioned within apices alternating with elevations; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 135. Irregular false pseudoloculi, basal layer with poroid areolae most occluded by raised cribra with larger specialised pore (arrow) in most sectors; scale bar = 3 μm. Fig. 136.Elevation with ocellus facing outwards, costae with branched ends linking mantle to outer edge of expanded valve margin; scale bar = 5 μm. Fig. 137. Alternate angle with opening from rimoportula (arrow); scale bar = 5 μm. Fig.138. Internal view with uninterrupted rows of poroid areolae and opening from rimoportula (arrow); scale bar = 4 μm.
FIGURES 122–128 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 122–128. Pseudictyota plana (A. Schmidt) P.A. Sims & D.M. Williams (Port Shepstone, Natal, South Africa). Fig. 122. Exterior bipolar valve with barely raised elevations at apices and irregular network of false pseudoloculi covering valve face and mantle; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 123. Interior with attached valvocopula, transapically aligned uninterrupted rows of poroid areolae becoming radially aligned at apices meeting a short central sternum; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig.124.. Reproduction of pl. 121, fig. 7 for Biddulphia plana A.Schmidt (1888). Fig. 125. Ocellus at summit of elevation with buttressed opening of rimoportula at base; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 126. Irregular pattern of false pseudoloculi, basal poroid areolae mostly occluded by cribra with a specialised pore (arrow) in most sectors; scale bar = 2 μm. Fig. 127. Tripolar valve exterior with irregular arrangement of false pseudoloculi and barely raised elevation with rimmed ocellus at apices; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig.128.False pseudoloculi with basal layer of poroid areolae mostly occluded by cribra with occasional specialised pore; scale bar = 1 μm.
FIGURES 129–132 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 129–132. Pseudictyota moreirae (Fernandes & Souza-Mosimann) P.A. Sims & D.M. Williams (Thursday Island, Queensland, Australia). Fig. 129. Triangular valve exterior with barely raised elevations capped by ocelli at apices, the opening from a rimoportula at each base and irregular network of false pseudoloculi covering valve; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 130. False pseudoloculi, papillae on outer wall, basal layer of poroid areolae most occluded by cribra, a specialised pore (arrow) in most sectors; scale bar = 1 μm. Fig. 131. Mantle view with attached girdle bands, rounded mantle incurved where it links to expanded valve margin by costae, surface ridged spinules; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 132. Ocellus with hyaline rim, irregular network of false pseudoloculi with surface papillae; scale bar = 2 μm.
FIGURES 117–121 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 117–121. Pseudictyota reticulata (Roper), P.A.Sims & D.M. Williams. nov. sp. Fig. 117. Reproduction of plate 2, figs 13–15 for Biddulphia reticulata from Roper (1859) (not to scale). Fig. 118. Thursday Island, Queensland. Bipolar valve with elevations at apices and irregular network of false pseudoloculi covering valve face and mantle; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig.119. Ambrin, New Hebrides [Ambrym, Vanuatu]. Ocellus at summit of elevation, note expanded hyaline valve margin with raised border and openings from two rimoportulae; scale bar = 1 μm. Fig. 120. Philippines. Mantle view with attached girdle bands; valve covered with ridged spinules; scale bar = 25 μm. Fig. 121. Hog Harbour, New Hebrides [Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu]. False pseudoloculi; basal layer of poroid areolae mostly occluded by raised cribra with a specialised pore (arrow) in most sectors; scale bar = 2 μm.
FIGURES 144–147 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 144–147. Hobaniella longicruris (Greville) P.A. Sims & D.M. Williams (Culture ECT 25v 112–11A, Hunting Island, South Carolina, USA. ex Matt Ashworth). Fig. 144. Circular valve exterior with opposing marginal elevations, two long hollow spines, the openings of rimoportulae lying off the raised valve centre, directed outwards midway between elevations; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 145. Detail rimmed ocellus at summit of long elevation, poroid areolae occluded by raised vela with central spinule; scale bar = 4 μm. Fig. 146. Mantle view with long central spine with forked opening, two substantial elevations and broad hyaline valve margin with raised border; note interior with uninterrupted radial rows of poroid areolae; scale bar = 10 μm. Fig. 147. Segment of elevation with occluded poroid areolae and opening from specialised pore (?) (arrow); scale bar = 2 μm.
FIGURES 111–116 in Examination of type specimens for the genera Odontella and Zygoceros (Bacillariophyceae) with evidence for the new family Odontellaceae and a description of three new genera
FIGURES 111–116. Odontella rostrata (Hustedt) Simonsen (Redfish Bay, Aransas County, Texas, USA, ECT 3828 TX). Fig. 111. Valve exterior flat with elevations at apices, a rimmed ocellus on summit; valve face with raised circular valve centre and two opposing transapically aligned hollow spines off centre; spinules covering valve, some linking valve centre to foot of elevations and mantle; a broad hyaline expanded valve margin with a raised border surrounds the valve face; scale bar = 2 μm. Fig. 112. Valve with radial rows of poroid areolae mostly occluded by raised cribra with occasional specialised pores (arrow); scale bar = 1 μm. Fig. 113. Valve interior with broad hyaline valve margin; scale bar = 1 μm. Fig. 114. Detail of valve interior with openings from two rimoportulae; scale bar = 1 μm. Fig. 115. Mantle view of valve with attached girdle bands showing indented valve mantle and an outwardly directed elevation at each pole; scale bar = 2 μm. Fig. 116. Valve tilted with two long hollow spines off valve centre, the exterior openings of rimoportulae; scale bar = 1 μm.
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