Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
3,484
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
3,484 results for “Plastic”
Fig. 8 in The plastic nervous system of Nemertodermatida
Fig. 8 Confocal laser scanning microscope images of Nemertoderma cf. westbladi. a Alpha-tubulin IR pattern. Overview of an animal at the level of epidermis showing innervation of numerous tubulin IR glands and the seminal vesicle. b Alpha-tubulin IR pattern. Innervation of the gland cells from the brain. c Tyrosinated-tubulin IR pattern. Innervation of the bottle glands from the ventral longitudinal neurite bundles. d Tyrosinatedtubulin IR pattern. Glands in the anterior part of the body innervated
Fig. 7 in The plastic nervous system of Nemertodermatida
Fig. 7 Confocal laser scanning microscope images of Nemertoderma cf. westbladi. a Alpha-tubulin immunoreactivity. Overview of a roundish male mature animal with ring-shaped brain, paired lateral testes with developing sperms, seminal vesicle filled with sperm and male antrum at posterior terminal position. Note also unstained eggs between the testes. b Tyrosinated-tubulin immunoreactivity. Note numerous sensillae of the anterior end, a ring-shaped brain and innervation around the mouth. c Alpha-tubulin immunoreactivity. Prominent ventral neurite
Fig. 6 in The plastic nervous system of Nemertodermatida
Fig. 6 Confocal laser scanning microscope images of Sterreria sp. stained with phalloidin-TRITC. a Anterior end with diagonal, circular and longitudinal muscles of the body wall. Note the anterior hiatus of longitudinal muscles (arrows). b Mid-body, the body wall comprises only weak circular and strong longitudinal muscles. Arrowheads point to anastomoses between longitudinal muscles. c Posterior end of the body with longitudinal and circular musculature at the level of the adhesive plate. d Male opening on the dorsal side near the posterior end of the body
Fig. 3 in The plastic nervous system of Nemertodermatida
Fig. 3 Confocal laser scanning microscope images of Flagellophora cf. apelti. a–c FMRFamide IR pattern in the anterior end of the body and broom canal innervation. Note rather large unstained cells lining the canal and FMRFamide IR local nerve nets around the canal in b. d–g Apha-tubulin IR pattern. d Overview of the dorsal side of a specimen with broom organ, bursa, sperm packages. e Overview of the ventral side showing the mouth opening and subterminal male copulatory organ. f Broom organ, note the parallel tubulin IR strands in its proximal part and the coiled strands in the distal part. g Another optical section of the same animal, showing a wide brain neuropile enveloping the proximal part of the broom. Note the presence of numerous neurons with long processes surrounding the brain on the outside. Also note a group of IR neurons near the distal end of the broom. h 5-HT IR elements of the anterior part of the body, dorsal side on the right. Note
Fig. 2 in The plastic nervous system of Nemertodermatida
Fig. 2 Confocal laser scanning microscope images of double-stained specimens of Flagellophora cf. apelti. Double staining of alpha-tubulin IR (green) and FMRFamide IR (red) elements. a–c Sagittal optical sections through the anterior end of the body of the same specimen. Dorsal side is on the right. Note the median broom organ, passing ventrally of the statocyst, the unstained area on the right that presumably contains the brain neuropile and an aggregation of FMRFamide IR brain cells around it, mostly anterior to it. The apparent FMRF-amide staining of the epidermis is an artefact resulting from the high-intensity scans necessary due to the comparative weakness of the red fluorescence to that of alpha-tubulin; it is missing in Fig. 2d. d Anterior
Fig. 4 in Phenotypical plasticity and homoplasy complicate species delimitation in the Cladonia gracilis group (Cladoniaceae, Ascomycota)
Fig. 4 Principal component analysis (PCA) based on seven morphological and anatomical variables of C. coniocraea and C. ochrochlora
Fig. 2 in Phenotypical plasticity and homoplasy complicate species delimitation in the Cladonia gracilis group (Cladoniaceae, Ascomycota)
Fig. 2 Phylogeny of the Cladonia coniocraea and C. ochrochlora complex. 50% Majority rule Bayesian tree based on ITS rDNA, IGS, RPB2 and EF1-α. Branches supported with posterior probability ≥0.95 and bootstrap>70% are indicated in bold. Bootstrap value>70% for MP/ Bootstrap value>70% for ML/posterior probability>0.95 for Bayesian analysis at branches
Fig. 4 in Several Subspecies or Phenotypic Plasticity? A Geometric Morphometric and Molecular Analysis of Variability of the Mayan Cichlid Mayaheros urophthalmus in the Yucatan
Fig. 4. Axis of CVA under aquatic environment approach with ellipses of the probability of 95%, and the grid of morphometric space of CVA with a factor of deformation ¼ 0.1; (A) axis 1 of CVA and (B) axis 2 of CVA.
Fig. 3. CVA 1 in Several Subspecies or Phenotypic Plasticity? A Geometric Morphometric and Molecular Analysis of Variability of the Mayan Cichlid Mayaheros urophthalmus in the Yucatan
Fig. 3. CVA 1 vs. CVA 2 by population at geometric morphometric space delimited by minimum convex polygons, and the grid of morphometric space of CVA with a factor of deformation ¼ 0.1; (A) axis 1 of CVA and (B) axis 2 of CVA.
Fig. 1 in Several Subspecies or Phenotypic Plasticity? A Geometric Morphometric and Molecular Analysis of Variability of the Mayan Cichlid Mayaheros urophthalmus in the Yucatan
Fig. 1. Study area, Yucatan Peninsula. Localities of M. urophthalmus taken into account for the geometric morphometric analysis, in gray numbers. Localities with genetic data, marked with an asterisk. Localities from nominal species included in the morphometric analysis: M. alborus (15), M. cienagae (10), M. conchitae (8), M. mayorum (6), and M. zebra (9).
Fig. 2 in Several Subspecies or Phenotypic Plasticity? A Geometric Morphometric and Molecular Analysis of Variability of the Mayan Cichlid Mayaheros urophthalmus in the Yucatan
Fig. 2. Constellation of landmarks and semilandmarks for the geometric morphometric analysis showing Procrustes superimposition of landmarks and semilandmarks. Anatomical positions of landmarks: Landmark 1—intersection between the posterior base of dorsal fin and caudal peduncle; Landmark 2—the most distal pore of the end of lateral line; Landmark 3—intersection between the posterior base of the pelvic fin and caudal peduncle; Landmark 4—intersection between anterior base of pelvic fin and belly; Landmark 5—apical intersection between subopercle and interopercle; Landmark 6—commissure of dentary at the more posterior end at its junction with the anguloarticular, quadrates, and ectometapterygoid bone; Landmarks 7 and 8—delimitation of the width of the commissure of dentary at its junction with the maxilla; Landmarks 9 and 10—delimitation of the width of the dentary at the more anterior end; Landmarks 10 and 12—delimitation of the width of the premaxilla at the more anterior end; Landmark 11—dorsal end of edge between opercle and cheek; Landmarks 12 to 24—the curve of 13 semilandmarks beginning at the intersection between the premaxilla and ascending process at semilandmark 12, the curve traced upwards until the base of dorsal fin at semilandmark 24.
Alteration and progressive degradation of plastic waste in a polish operational landfill analysed over 60 years
<p>The dataset is presented as an Excel file, which includes both raw and synthetic data collected, processed, or used within the investigation. It supports the tables and images published in the manuscript. The dataset also includes data intended for machine learning (ML) modeling to estimate the total degradation time.</p>
A Hyperspectral Reflectance Database of Plastic Debris for River Ecosystems
<div>This is a unique hyperspectral reflectance dataset of weathered and virgin floating plastic debris with different sizes and types under controlled laboratory conditions. The dataset contains the NETCDF and CSV files.</div> <div> </div> <div>Each NETCDF file follows the labeling structure in the following format:</div> <div> </div> <div> ├─ ID # Observation Number</div> <div> └─├─ Polymer # Polymer Type</div> <div> └─├─ Background # Background setting </div> <div> └─├─Sediment Concentration # Sediment concentration</div> <div> └─├─Debris Color # Debris color </div> <div> └─├─Plastic Fraction # Percentage of plastic fraction</div> <div> └──Quality Flag # Quality flag (1: lowest, 5: highest)</div> <div> </div> <div> <p><strong>CSV Files Description:</strong></p> </div> <div> </div> <div>1) spectradictionary.csv: contains the spectra of various debris. <div> </div> </div> <div> <p>- Column 1: Code representing the type of debris and background setting:</p> <p> - 10: PET in Clear water<br> - 11: PET in Turbid water<br> - 12: PET in Foamy water<br> - 20: HDPE in Clear water<br> - 21: HDPE in Turbid water<br> - 22: HDPE in Foamy water<br> - 30: LDPE in Clear water<br> - 31: LDPE in Turbid water<br> - 32: LDPE in Foamy water<br> - 40: PP in Clear water<br> - 41: PP in Turbid water<br> - 42: PP in Foamy water<br> - 50: EPSF in Clear water<br> - 51: EPSF in Turbid water<br> - 52: EPSF in Foamy water<br> - 60: Mix in Clear water<br> - 61: Mix in Turbid water<br> - 62: Mix in Foamy water<br> - 70: Weathered in Clear water<br> - 71: Weathered in Turbid water<br> - 72: Weathered in Foamy water</p> <p>- Column 2: Plastic fraction in percentage (%).<br>- Columns 3 to end: Wavelength numbers ranging from 350 to 2500.</p> </div> <div> </div> <div>2) Background.csv: contains the spectra of various backgrounds (clear, turbid and foamy water))</div> <div> </div> <div> </div> <div>Acknowledgment: The funding support from the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCCMR, M.L.2021 E812RSM) is greatly acknowledged</div> <div> </div>
The primitive endoderm supports lineage plasticity to enable regulative development
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Plasticity Under Pressure Data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Foraging modality and plasticity in foraging traits determine the strength of competitive interactions among carnivorous plants, spiders, and toads
1. Foraging modalities (e.g., passive, sit-and-wait, active) and traits are plastic in some species, but the extent to which this plasticity affects interspecific competition remains unclear. 2. Using a long-term laboratory mesocosm experiment, we quantified competition strength and the plasticity of foraging traits in a guild of generalist predators of arthropods with a range of foraging modalities. 3. Each mesocosm contained eight passively foraging pink sundews, and we employed an experimental design where treatments were the presence or absence of a sit-and-wait foraging spider and actively foraging toad crossed with five levels of prey abundance. We hypothesized that actively foraging toads would outcompete the other species at low prey abundance, but that spiders and sundews would exhibit plasticity in foraging traits to compensate for strong competition when prey were limited. 4. Results generally supported our hypotheses. Toads had a greater effect on sundews at low prey abundances, and toad presence caused spiders to locate webs higher above the ground. Additionally, the closer large spider webs were to the ground, the greater the trichome densities produced by sundews. Also, spider webs were larger with than without toads and as sundew numbers increased, and these effects were more prominent as resources became limited. Finally, spiders negatively affected toad growth only at low prey abundance. 5. These findings highlight the long-term importance of foraging modality and plasticity of foraging traits in determining the strength of competition within and across taxonomic kingdoms. Future research should assess whether plasticity in foraging traits helps to maintain coexistence within this guild and whether foraging modality can be used as a trait to reliably predict the strength of competitive interactions.
Data from: Experience-mediated plasticity in mate preferences: mating assurance in a variable environment
An individual's prior experience of sexual signals can result in variation in mate preferences, with important consequences for the course of sexual selection. We test two hypotheses about the evolution of experience-mediated plasticity in mate preferences: mating assurance and mismating avoidance. We exposed female Enchenopa binotata treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) to treatments that varied their experience of signal frequency, the most divergent sexual signal trait in the E. binotata species complex. Treatments consisted of (1) signals matching the preferred frequency, (2-3) signals deviating either 100 Hz above or 100 Hz below the preferred frequency, and (4) no signals. Females experiencing preferred signals showed the greatest selectivity. However, experience had no effect on peak preference. These results support the hypothesis that selection has favored plasticity in mate preferences that ensures that mating takes place when preferred mates are rare or absent, while at the same time ensuring choice of preferred types when those are present. We consider how experience-mediated plasticity may influence selection on sexual advertisement signals, patterns of reproductive isolation, and the maintenance of genetic variation. We suggest that the plasticity we describe may increase the likelihood of successful colonization of a novel environment, where preferred mating types may be rare.
Data from: Maladaptive plasticity masks the effects of natural selection in the red-shouldered soapberry bug
Natural selection can produce local adaptation, but local adaptation can be masked by maladaptive plasticity. Maladaptive plasticity may arise as a result of gene flow producing novel gene combinations that have not been exposed to selection. In the 1980s, populations of the red-shouldered soapberry bug (Jadera haematoloma) were locally adapted to feed on the seeds of a native host plant and an introduced host plant; by 2014, local differentiation in beak length had been lost, likely as a consequence of increased gene flow. In this study, I assess the relative contributions of natural selection and plasticity to beak length on these two hosts. I confirm the earlier hypothesis that the host plant seedpod drives divergent natural selection on beak length. I then demonstrate that the proximate cause of the loss of observable differentiation in beak length is maladaptive plasticity, which masks persistent genetic differences between host-associated populations. Maladaptive plasticity is highest in areas where the two plants co-occur; in combination with historical measures of plasticity in hybrids, this indicates that maladaptive plasticity may be a consequence of ongoing gene flow. Although natural selection produced locally adapted genotypes in soapberry bugs, maladaptive plasticity is masking phenotypic differences between populations in nature.
Data from: Phenotypic plasticity through transcriptional regulation of the evolutionary hotspot gene tan in Drosophila melanogaster
Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of a given genotype to produce different phenotypes in response to distinct environmental conditions. Phenotypic plasticity can be adaptive. Furthermore, it is thought to facilitate evolution. Although phenotypic plasticity is a widespread phenomenon, its molecular mechanisms are only beginning to be unravelled. Environmental conditions can affect gene expression through modification of chromatin structure, mainly via histone modifications, nucleosome remodelling or DNA methylation, suggesting that phenotypic plasticity might partly be due to chromatin plasticity. As a model of phenotypic plasticity, we study abdominal pigmentation of Drosophila melanogaster females, which is temperature sensitive. Abdominal pigmentation is indeed darker in females grown at 18°C than at 29°C. This phenomenon is thought to be adaptive as the dark pigmentation produced at lower temperature increases body temperature. We show here that temperature modulates the expression of tan (t), a pigmentation gene involved in melanin production. t is expressed 7 times more at 18°C than at 29°C in female abdominal epidermis. Genetic experiments show that modulation of t expression by temperature is essential for female abdominal pigmentation plasticity. Temperature modulates the activity of an enhancer of t without modifying compaction of its chromatin or level of the active histone mark H3K27ac. By contrast, the active mark H3K4me3 on the t promoter is strongly modulated by temperature. The H3K4 methyl-transferase involved in this process is likely Trithorax, as we show that it regulates t expression and the H3K4me3 level on the t promoter and also participates in female pigmentation and its plasticity. Interestingly, t was previously shown to be involved in inter-individual variation of female abdominal pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster, and in abdominal pigmentation divergence between Drosophila species. Sensitivity of t expression to environmental conditions might therefore give more substrate for selection, explaining why this gene has frequently been involved in evolution of pigmentation.
Data from: Plastic waste associated with disease on coral reefs
Plastic waste can promote microbial colonization by pathogens implicated in outbreaks of disease in the ocean. We assessed the influence of plastic waste on disease risk in 124,000 reef-building corals from 159 reefs in the Asia-Pacific region. The likelihood of disease increases from 4% to 89% when corals are in contact with plastic. Structurally complex corals are eight times more likely to be affected by plastic, suggesting that microhabitats for reef-associated organisms and valuable fisheries will be disproportionately affected. Plastic levels on coral reefs correspond to estimates of terrestrial mismanaged plastic waste entering the ocean. We estimate that 11.1 billion plastic items are entangled on coral reefs across the Asia-Pacific and project this number to increase 40% by 2025. Plastic waste management is critical for reducing diseases that threaten ecosystem health and human livelihoods.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.