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5,666 results for “Social”
Constitutive depletion of brain serotonin differentially affects rats' social and cognitive abilities
<p><strong>Background</strong> Central serotonin is an essential neuromodulator for mental disorders. It appears a promising transdiagnostic marker of distinct psychiatric disorders and a common modulator of some of their key behavioral symptoms. We aimed to identify the behavioral markers of serotonergic function in rats and compare them to human deficits.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong> We applied a comprehensive profiling approach in adult male <em>Tph2<sup>−/−</sup></em> rats constitutively lacking central serotonin. Under classical and ethological testing conditions, we tested each individual’s cognitive, social and non-social abilities and characterized the group organization (i.e. social network, hierarchy). Using unsupervised machine learning, we identified the functions most dependent on central serotonin.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong> In classical procedures, <em>Tph2<sup>−/−</sup></em> rats presented an unexpected normal cognitive profile. Under the complex and experimenter-free conditions of their home-cage, the same <em>Tph2<sup>−/−</sup></em> rats presented drastic changes in their daily life. Brain serotonin depletion induced compulsive aggression and sexual behavior, hyperactive and hypervigilant stereotyped behavior, reduced self-care and body weight, and exacerbated corticosterone levels. Group-housed <em>Tph2<sup>−/−</sup></em> rats showed strong social disorganization with disrupted social networks and hierarchical structure, which may arise from communication deficits and cognitive blunting.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong> Serotonin depletion induced a profile reminiscent of the symptomatology of impulse control and anxiety disorders. Serotonin was necessary for behavioral adaptation to dynamic social environments. In classical testing conditions, our animal model challenged the concept of an essential role of serotonin in decision-making, flexibility, and impulsivity, although developmental compensations may have occurred. These contrasting findings highlight the need to generalize the evaluation of animal models’ multidimensional functions within the complexity of the social living environment.</p>
Truth Social Dataset
<p>A Truth Social data set containing a network of users, their associated posts, and additional information about each post. Collected from February 2022 through September 2022, this dataset contains 454,458 user entries and 845,060 Truth (Truth Social’s term for post) entries.</p> <p>Comprised of 12 different files, the entry count for each file is shown below.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">File</th> <th scope="col">Data Points</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>users.tsv</td> <td>454,458</td> </tr> <tr> <td>follows.tsv</td> <td>4,002,115</td> </tr> <tr> <td>truths.tsv</td> <td>823,927</td> </tr> <tr> <td>quotes.tsv</td> <td>10,508</td> </tr> <tr> <td>replies.tsv</td> <td>506,276</td> </tr> <tr> <td>media.tsv</td> <td>184,884</td> </tr> <tr> <td>hashtags.tsv</td> <td>21,599</td> </tr> <tr> <td>external_urls.tsv</td> <td>173,947</td> </tr> <tr> <td>truth_hashtag_edges.tsv</td> <td>213,295</td> </tr> <tr> <td>truth_media_edges.tsv</td> <td>257,500</td> </tr> <tr> <td>truth_external_url_edges.tsv</td> <td>252,877</td> </tr> <tr> <td>truth_user_tag_edges.tsv</td> <td>145,234</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>A readme file is provided that describes the structure of the files, necessary terms, and necessary information about the data collection.</p>
Modelling Political Aggression On Social Media Platforms
<p>This dataset was curated from social media for the purpose of research. LICENSE: CC-BY-SA-NC 4.0</p>
Global expansion of a solitary-social tropical spitting spider shaped by multiple long-distance dispersals
<p>The spitting spider Scytodes fusca is well known species complex for its unusual hunting technique which involves spitting a venomous sticky silken substance over its prey. Previous studies supposed that S. fusca was native to Central and Southern America but had been expanded to the tropics of almost every continent. We aimed to test the hypothesis of a Neotropical origin for this spider followed by a secondary dispersal to other regions, and to discuss how population expansion occurred in the tropics was driven. We investigated the population structure and spatiotemporal biogeography of the species complex through a culmination of a 22-year comprehensive global sampling using the mitochondrial and nuclear loci (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, H3 and ITS2). The S. fusca species complex is divided into two clades. One clade comprises the haplotypes from Australasian regions and a haplotype from Baja Peninsula, Mexico. The other is composed of the haplotypes from all analyzed regions including Asia, Australia, the Americas and Madagascar. The Americas and Madagascar populations exhibit a lower genetic diversity compared with the Australasian population, and both have different population demographic histories. The initial divergence within the species complex started during the early Miocene. Diversifications of both clades occurred during the late Miocene. One haplotype was recently and widely dispersed into Southeast Asia, South Asia, Australia, the Americas and Madagascar. Our results elucidate the global spread history of the S. fusca species complex, suggesting a Malay Archipelago origin, two expansion routes, and its multiple dispersals into the Americas that stem from a common native source population, as well as from Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, or Turks and Caicos bridgeheads. Our data support that the expansion of the S. fusca species complex from Australasia to America and Madagascar was facilitated by long-distance jump dispersal events.</p>
Neural and visual processing of social gaze cueing in typical and ASD adults
<p>Atypical eye gaze in joint attention is a clinical characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite this documented symptom, neural processing of joint attention tasks in real-life social interactions is not understood. To address this knowledge gap, functional-near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and eye-tracking data were acquired simultaneously as ASD and typically developed (TD) individuals engaged in a gaze-directed joint attention task with a live human and robot partner. We test the hypothesis that face processing deficits in ASD are greater for interactive faces than for simulated (robot) faces. Consistent with prior findings, neural responses during human gaze cueing modulated by face visual dwell time resulted in increased activity of ventral frontal regions in ASD and dorsal parietal systems in TD participants. Hypoactivity of the right dorsal parietal area during live human gaze cueing was correlated with autism spectrum symptom severity: Brief Observations of Symptoms of Autism (BOSA) scores (r = -0.86). Contrarily, neural activity in response to robot gaze cueing modulated by visual acquisition factors activated dorsal parietal systems in ASD, and this neural activity was not related to autism symptom severity (r = 0.06). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that altered encoding of incoming facial information to the dorsal parietal cortex is specific to live human faces in ASD. These findings open new directions for understanding joint attention difficulties in ASD by providing a connection between superior parietal lobule activity and live interaction with human faces.</p>
Supplementary files: Social learning of innovations in dynamic predator-prey systems
<p>We investigate social transmission of behavioral innovations between predators in two classic predator-prey models. We assume that innovations increase predator attack rates or conversion efficiencies, or that innovations reduce predator mortality or prey handling time. We find that a common outcome of innovations is the destabilization of the system. Destabilizing effects include increasing oscillations or limit cycles. Particularly, in systems where prey are self-limiting and predators have a Type II functional response, destabilization occurs due to overexploitation of the prey. Whenever instability increases the risk of extinction, innovations that benefit individual predators may not have positive long-term effects on predator populations. An additional consequence of instability is the maintenance of behavioral variability among predators. Interestingly, when predator populations are low despite coexisting with prey populations near their carrying capacity, innovations that could help predators better exploit their prey are least likely to spread. Precisely how unlikely this is depends on whether or not naïve individuals need to observe an informed individual interact with prey to learn the innovation. Our results offer perspective on the potential role of innovation in biological invasions, urban colonization, and the maintenance of behavioral polymorphisms.</p>
The Role of Biological Motion in Face Perception: Social Judgements of Morphed Expressions Differ from Videos and Photographs.
<p>This study aimed to explore the impact of realistic and artifical facial dynamism on social percpetion. We compared ratings of emotion intensity and genuineness on video recordings, dynamic morphs, and static photographs of happy, sad, fearful, and angry expressions. The experiment was created using the online behavioural experiment builder Gorilla (AnwylIrvine et al., 2020). Each participant completed 144 trials, including 48 trials for each display type (video recording, morph, static), with 12 trials for each emotion (happy, disgust, fear, sadness). </p>
Exploring Korean adolescent stress on social media: A semantic network analysis
<p><strong>Korean Adolescent's Stress Semantic Network Analysis Project</strong></p> <p>Semantic Network Analysis for Korean Adolescent's Stress</p> <p>Input data file</p> <ul> <li>data_news.csv : News data collected from Naver(<a href="https://www.naver.com">https://www.naver.com</a>)</li> <li>data_blog.csv : Blog data collected from Naver(<a href="https://www.naver.com">https://www.naver.com</a>) and Daum(<a href="https://www.daum.net">https://www.daum.net</a>)</li> </ul> <p>Output files</p> <ul> <li>Frequency Table of Each word in Documents (<em><strong>freq_news.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>freq_blog.csv</strong></em>)</li> <li>TF-IDF(Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) Table of Each word in Documents (<em><strong>tfidf_news.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>tf_idf_blog.csv</strong></em>)</li> <li>Frequency Table of 30 keywords in Documents (<em><strong>freq_news_30.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>freq_blog_30.csv</strong></em>)</li> <li>DTM(Document Term Matrix) of 30 keywords in Documents (<em><strong>DTM_news_30.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>DTM_blog_30.csv</strong></em>)</li> <li>COM(Co-Occurrence Matrix) of 30 keywords in Documents (<em><strong>COM_news_30.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>COM_blog_30.csv</strong></em>)</li> <li>Binary COM of 30 keywords in Documents (<em><strong>BinaryCOM_news_30.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>BinaryCOM_blog_30.csv</strong></em>)</li> <li>Centrality Table of 30 keywords in Documents (<em><strong>centrality_news_30.csv</strong></em>, <em><strong>centrality_blog_30.csv</strong></em>)</li> </ul>
Figure 1 in Temperature increase impairs recognition among nestmates in the social wasp Polybia paulista H. von Ihering, 1896 (Vespidae: Polistinae: Epiponini)
Figure 1. Graphic representation of the experimental design. Containers inside the BOD represent wasps subjected to different temperatures used to evaluate the effect of temperature on behavior. Containers outside the BOD (24℃) represent wasps kept under laboratory conditions and used in the paired encounters with experimental wasps. Control containers represent wasps used in the experiments to evaluate isolation′s effect on nestmates′ recognition.
Data for: Neural basis of social influence of observing other's perception in dot-number estimation
<p>This functional magnetic resonance imaging study reports the neural basis of the social influence of observing others' perceptions in dot-number estimation. We found that the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) was associated with the detection of the self-other discrepancy. The posterior part of MPFC was especially functionally connected with the right superior parietal lobule (SPL), which is sensitive to numerical perception. The SPL activation was modulated after observing others' perceptions in the dot-number estimation task. Furthermore, the multivariate pattern analysis showed that the spatial activity patterns altered after the observation. These suggest that the MPFC detects the self-other discrepancy of numerical perception and communicates with the number-sensitive SPL, and triggers the modulation of the activation in the SPL.</p>
Dataset for Tanguay & Herzog et al. (2023), Opportunities for, and barriers to anticipatory governance of two lake social-ecological systems in Germany and Canada, in People and Nature
<p>This is the dataset for an article published in People and Nature by Tanguay & Herzog et al. (2023), entitled Opportunities for, and barriers to anticipatory governance of two lake social-ecological systems in Germany and Canada. It includes the data used for the literature review as well as the interview and workshop data for both case studies. As the research was overviewed by the <a href="https://ciereh.uqam.ca/">Comité institutionnel d’éthique de la recherche avec des êtres humains (CIEREH)</a>, some of the non-anonymized data were not archived.</p>
Data for the publication "Socially competent robots"
<p>Data for the publication "Socially competent robots".</p>
Alternative metrics and social impact of research about Social Sciences in Cuba
<p>The evaluation of social impact of research is a subject demanded by the scientific and social community. The present research is developed with the objective of describing the social impact of the results of scientific research in the field of Social Sciences in Cuba. 5 dimensions of analysis and 16 alternative indicators were used, through the use of altmetric tools and data sources. The sample collection for the study was carried out through the Scopus database and the altmetric data provider PlumX Metrics. For the analysis, statistical techniques of trend and correlation between indicators, data visualization and scientific information were used. The results show that the indicators with the greatest presence were citations in Scopus and CrossRef, Views count, Full Text Views, Abstract Views, Readers in Mendeley captures and the social network metrics Facebook and Twitter. The research results with the greatest social impact are related to climate change and environmental policy, scientific production about COVID-19, higher education, sustainable development, gender studies, legislation, and tourism.</p>
Social Acceptance Data for NBS
<p>The data is collected for METU Forest in Ankara, Turkey; Tisza River Bank in Szeged, Hungary; Forest Garden in Alcalá de Henares, Spain; and Quarries in Milan, Italy to determine the factors of social acceptance as a task for Nature4Cities Horizon 2020 project.</p>
Ecogeography of group size suggests differences in drivers of sociality among cooperatively breeding fairywrens
Cooperatively breeding species exhibit a range of social behaviours associated with different costs and benefits to group living, often in association with different environmental conditions. For example, recent phylogenetic studies have collectively shown that the evolution and distribution of cooperative breeding behaviour is related to the environment. However, little is known about how environmental variation may drive differences in social systems across populations within species, and how the relationship between environmental conditions and sociality may differ across species. Here, we examine variation in social group size along a steep environmental gradient for two congeneric cooperatively breeding species of fairywrens (Maluridae) and show that they exhibit opposing ecogeographic patterns. Purple-backed fairywrens, a species in which helpers increase group productivity, have larger groups in hot, dry environments and smaller groups in cool, wet environments. By contrast, superb fairywrens, a species with helpers that do not increase group productivity despite the presence of alloparental care, exhibit the opposite trend. We suggest differences in the costs and benefits of sociality contribute to these opposing ecogeographical patterns and demonstrate that comparisons of intraspecific patterns of social variation across species can provide insight into how ecology shapes social systems.
Data from: Social disappointment and partner presence affect long-tailed macaque refusal behaviour in an "inequity aversion" experiment
<p><span>Protest in response to unequal reward distribution is thought to have played a central role in the evolution of human cooperation. Some animals refuse food and become demotivated when rewarded more poorly than a conspecific, and this has been taken as evidence that non-human animals, like humans, protest in the face of inequity. An alternative explanation - social disappointment – shifts the cause of this discontent away from the unequal reward, to the human experimenter who could – but elects not to – treat the subject well. This study investigates whether social disappointment could explain frustration behaviour in long-tailed macaques, <em>Macaca</em> <em>fascicularis</em>. We tested 12 monkeys in a novel `inequity aversion' paradigm. Subjects had to pull a lever and were rewarded with low-value food; in half of the trials, a partner worked alongside the subjects receiving high-value food. Rewards were distributed either by a human or a machine. In line with the social disappointment hypothesis, monkeys rewarded by the human refused food more often than monkeys rewarded by the machine. </span>Our study extends previous findings in chimpanzees and suggests that social disappointment plus social facilitation or food competition effects drive food refusal patterns.</p>
Peer Rating of Social Behaviors / Calificación de Conductas Sociales por parte de los Iguales // PEER RATING_Data_IC_T1-Post
<p>Answers given by children in the first grade of Primary Education to the 5 items of the Peer Rating of Social Behaviors (Garcia Bacete et al., 2014). Data collected in public schools in Castellón (Spain) in the spring of the school year 2010-11. The questionnaire is administered individually. The calculation of 5 Factors is included: Prosociability, Shyness, Physical Aggression, SoughtToPlayWith, and Liking. To learn more about our research and access to other datasets of this or other measures, follow the link <a href="https://www.uji.es/departaments/psi/base/opengrei/">GREI Longitudinal Project</a></p> <p> </p> <p>Respuestas que los niños/as de primer curso de Educación Primaria dan a los 5 ítems de la Escala de Calificación de Conductas Sociales por parte de los Iguales (García Bacete et al., 2014). Datos recogidos en centros públicos de Castellón (España) en primavera del curso escolar 2010-11. El cuestionario se administra de forma individual. Se incluye el cálculo de 5 Factores: Prosociabilidad, Timidez, Agresividad Física, Le Buscan para Jugar y Preferencia (Gusta a otros). Para saber más sobre nuestra investigación y acceder a otros ficheros de datos de esta medida o de otras, siga el enlace <a href="https://www.uji.es/departaments/psi/base/opengrei/">Proyecto Longitudinal GREI</a>.</p>
Dataset for proceedings paper: How international is co-authorship outside of Web of Science? The case of social sciences and humanities in Flanders, Belgium
<p>This is an anonymized dataset containing data on international collaboration in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in Flanders, Belgium. It is based on all peer-reviewed publications in <a href="https://www.ecoom.be/en/data-collections/vabb-shw">VABB-SHW</a>, regardless of their indexation in WoS or other databases.</p> <p>The dataset accompanies the conference paper 'How international is co-authorship outside of Web of Science? The case of social sciences and humanities in Flanders, Belgium,' which was submitted to <a href="https://cns-iu.github.io/workshops/2023-07-02_issi/index.html">ISSI 2023</a>.</p>
Data and code for: Generation and applications of simulated datasets to integrate social network and demographic analyses
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Social networks are tied to population dynamics; interactions are driven by population density and demographic structure, while social relationships can be key determinants of survival and reproductive success. However, difficulties integrating models used in demography and network analysis have limited research at this interface. We introduce the R package genNetDem for simulating integrated network-demographic datasets. It can be used to create longitudinal social networks and/or capture-recapture datasets with known properties. It incorporates the ability to generate populations and their social networks, generate grouping events using these networks, simulate social network effects on individual survival, and flexibly sample these longitudinal datasets of social associations. By generating co-capture data with known statistical relationships it provides functionality for methodological research. We demonstrate its use with case studies testing how imputation and sampling design influence the success of adding network traits to conventional Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) models. We show that incorporating social network effects in CJS models generates qualitatively accurate results, but with downward-biased parameter estimates when network position influences survival. Biases are greater when fewer interactions are sampled or fewer individuals are observed in each interaction. While our results indicate the potential of incorporating social effects within demographic models, they show that imputing missing network measures alone is insufficient to accurately estimate social effects on survival, pointing to the importance of incorporating network imputation approaches. genNetDem provides a flexible tool to aid these methodological advancements and help researchers test other sampling considerations in social network studies.</span></p>
Data for "Structure and drivers of social networks and their links with health in older adults"
<p>Data, supplementary material and scripts for the paper "Structure and drivers of social networks and their links with health in older adults"</p> <p>Social network is an important factor in promoting healthy aging. However, the mechanisms linking social capital to health are complex. Moreover, most of the social network analysis studies on older adults consider only participants’ relationships and not how these relationships are themselves connected. In this study, we went further than current ego-centered network studies by determining global social network metrics and the structure of relationships among older adult participants of the RECORD Cohort using the Veritas-Social questionnaire. The aim of this study is to identify key dimensions of social networks of older adults, and to evaluate how these dimensions relate to depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and well-being. Using Principal Component Analyses (PCA), we identified four social network dimensions with psychological meanings. Dimension 1 (homophily) was positively linked with perceived accessibility to services in one’s residential neighborhood but negatively linked with the level of study. Dimension 2 (social integration) as Dimension 3 (social support) was only linked to the number of people living with ego. Dimension 4 was linked with perceived accessibility to local services. Finally, and rather surprisingly, we found that none of the four network dimensions, even the degree, was linked to the three health status metrics.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.