Find research datasets worth reusing

FIG. 7 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 7. Kaplan-Meier survival plots of (a) avian attacks and (b) mammalian attacks on striped and unstriped clay models (n = 40 each) that were checked weekly over 3 wk. (a) Unstriped models of P. cinereus were significantly more likely to not be attacked by birds (solid line, n = 38) than striped models (dashed line, n = 31) (Z = 5.04, P = 0.0248). (b) There was no difference in models' ''survival'' from mammalian attacks based on color (striped: n = 31; unstriped: n = 30; Z = 0.07, P = 0.787).

FIG. 6 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 6. The cumulative model weights for encounter probability (p) in Spring 2013, 2014, 2015 showed equivocal support for both age and color morph (a X c) affecting encounter probability in the spring seasons; the null model (.) had similar weights. In Fall 2013 and 2014, the model including both age and color morph (a X c) was more heavily weighted than the other models in each year.

FIG. 4 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 4. Color morph frequencies varied based on age but not adult sex. Juveniles of P. cinereus (SVL <28 mm) had a significantly higher frequency (mean ± SE) of striped individuals than adults (SVL> 35 mm; X2 = 3.177, P = 0.049, n = 356). Adult males and females of Plethodon cinereus (SVL> 1 35 mm) did not differ in frequencies of striped and unstriped color morphs (X2 = 0.90, P = 0.210, n = 286).

FIG. 3 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 3. Examples of clay model replicates of adult striped (top) and unstriped (bottom) Plethodon cinereus.

FIG. 2 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 2. Map of the location of the study site (Nanticoke River Wildlife Management Area, Wicomico County, Maryland, USA) in Eastern North America.

FIG. 1 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 1. Examples of striped (left) and unstriped (right) Plethodon cinereus. The striped individual pictured here has a previously autotomized tail, which, while originally striped (see Moore and Ouellet, 2014; Fig. 1), grew back without a red stripe (Petranka, 1998).

FIG. 5 in Differential Survival and the Effects of Predation on a Color Polymorphic Species, the Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

FIG. 5. The cumulative model weights for survival (ψ) in Spring 2013, 2014, 2015 showed that both age and color morph (a X c) affected survival probability in the spring seasons. In Fall 2013 and 2014, the null model (.) was more heavily weighted than models including age or color.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Development under predation risk increases serotonin-signaling, variability of turning behavior and survival in adult fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster

The development of high-throughput behavioral assays, where numerous individual animals can be analyzed in various experimental conditions, has facilitated the study of animal personality. Previous research showed that isogenic Drosophila melanogaster flies exhibit striking individual non-heritable locomotor handedness. The variability of this trait, i.e., the predictability of left-right turn biases, varies across genotypes and under the influence of neural activity in specific circuits. This suggests that the brain can dynamically regulate the extent of animal personality. It has been recently shown that predators can induce changes in prey phenotypes via lethal or nonlethal effects affecting the serotonergic signaling system. In this study, we tested whether fruit flies grown with predators exhibit higher variability/lower predictability in their turning behavior and higher survival than those grown with no predators in their environment. We confirmed these predictions and found that both effects were blocked when flies were fed an inhibitor (αMW) of serotonin synthesis. The results of this study demonstrate a negative association between the unpredictability of turning behavior of fruit flies and the hunting success of their predators. We also show that the neurotransmitter serotonin controls predator-induced changes in the turning variability of fruit flies, regulating the dynamic control of behavioral predictability.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

The effect of prey abundance and fisheries on the survival, reproduction, and social structure of killer whales (Orcinus orca) at subantarctic Marion Island

Most marine apex predators are keystone species that fundamentally influence their ecosystems through cascading top-down processes. Reductions in worldwide predator abundances, attributed to environmental and anthropogenic-induced changes to prey availability and negative interactions with fisheries, can have far-reaching ecosystem impacts. We tested whether the survival of killer whales (Orcinus orca) observed at Marion Island in the Southern Indian Ocean correlated with social structure and prey variables (direct measures of prey abundance, Patagonian toothfish fishery effort, and environmental proxies) using multistate models of capture-recapture data spanning 12 years (2006 to 2018). We also tested the effect of these same variables on killer whale social structure and reproduction measured over the same period. Indices of social structure had the strongest correlation with survival, with higher sociality associated with increased survival probability. Survival was also positively correlated to Patagonian toothfish fishing effort during the previous year, suggesting that fishery-linked resource availability is an important determinant of survival. No correlation between survival and environmental proxies of prey abundance was found. At-island prey availability influenced the social structure of Marion Island killer whales, but none of the variables explained variability in reproduction. Future increases in legal fishing activity may benefit this population of killer whales through the artificial provisioning of resources they provide.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Benchmark datasets for "Detecting T-cell expansion and quantifying clone survival from deep profiling of immune repertoires"

T-cell receptor repertoire sequencing datasets describing time courses obtained for vaccination, normal aging and blood transplant cases. Datasets reported here were previously published (except for Tem/Tcm data), this is just a compendium of selected samples that is properly pre-processed and formatted.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Data for: Lower survival of hybrid grosbeaks, but not towhees, suggests a molt divide disfavors hybrids

Although avian hybrid zones in the Great Plains have been studied for almost 70 years, we know surprisingly little about the fitness costs for hybrids that keep these zones narrow. We compare age ratios in grosbeaks (Pheucticus ludovicianus and P. melanocephalus) and towhees (Pipilo erythropthalums and P. maculatus), two species pairs that differ in their life-histories and molt schedules, to evaluate survival between hybrids and parentals. We then contrast molt and migratory divides as possible sources of selection against hybrids. Hybrid grosbeaks had 27-33% lower survival relative to their parentals, whereas hybrid towhees had survival rates similar to parentals. Age ratio data for hybrid grosbeaks suggest high mortality in older birds, as expected if selection operates after the first year of life. This pattern is consistent with parental species of grosbeaks having contrasting molt schedules relative to migration, suggesting high mortality costs to hybrids driven by molt biology, which are expressed later in life. Contrasts in molt schedules are absent in towhees. While migratory divides may exist for towhees and grosbeaks, the low adult survival of hybrid grosbeaks suggests that molt may be an important and underappreciated source of selection maintaining this and other narrow avian hybrid zones.

opencc-by-3.0-usJun 2023View details →

Survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg in pine shavings used as broiler litter

Wood shavings is the most common bedding material used around the world to raise broiler. Therefore, wood shavings can be a vehicle for the transmission of pathogens to live birds. In this study, we performed an in-depth genomic characterization of three Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg (S. Heidelberg) strains recovered after their inoculation into fresh pine shaving. The three strains used for the microcosm study were previously isolated from broiler feces (SH-AAFC), broiler carcass (SH-ARS) and chicken thigh (SH-FSIS) and differed one from another by 46 - 94 single nucleotide variants. The SH-AAFC strain harbored an antimicrobial resistant gene (ARG) (blaCMY-2) on an IncI1 plasmid while the SH-FSIS strain harbored multiple ARGs (floR, cmlA1, tet(A), blaTEM-1B, ant(2'')-Ia, aph(6)-Id, aph(3'')-Ib and sul2) on an IncC plasmid. The SH-ARS isolate was pan susceptible to several antibiotics evaluated. We determined the abundance of Salmonella at days 0, 1, 7, 14 and 21 and performed antibiotic susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing (on 77 randomly selected S. Heidelberg isolates. After 21 days of incubation, Salmonella abundance decreased by 4.4 logs. Salmonella with high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against ampicillin showed a significantly higher abundance and survival rate compared to Salmonella with high MIC against gentamicin (P< 0.05). Clonal SH-AAFC was the most prevalent strain in the microcosms (48/77), followed by the strain SH-ARS (25/77). Only 4/77 isolates were determined to be clones of SH-FSIS. We identified recombination events and plasmid copy number changes that were associated with the fitness of S. Heidelberg strain carrying IncI1 and Col plasmids. Lastly, we found that litter physicochemical variables including water activity could explain up to 85% of the variability in our data.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Turkey Vulture survival is reduced in areas of greater road density

The demography of, and factors that influence these metrics, are largely unknown for most vultures in the Americas. Survivorship of Turkey Vultures (Cathartes aura) may be influenced by landscape heterogeneity and human disturbance. We quantified the effects of landscape composition (Shannon's diversity index) and configuration (contagion, edge density, and largest patch index), and human disturbance (road density) on the annual and seasonal survival probabilities of the 3 North American breeding populations (western, central, and eastern) of Turkey Vultures that spend the nonbreeding season in the southeastern portion of the Nearctic and the northern Neotropics during a 17-yr period. We used Cox's proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates to estimate spatial and temporal changes in survival rates of adult Turkey Vultures. Road density, but not landscape composition or configuration, influenced survival rates in space and time. Overall annual survival averaged 0.87 (95% CI: 0.74–0.98). Mortality risk was low in western and central populations (hazard ratio &lt; 1) but was 3.7 times greater for vultures in the eastern population. Survival during the breeding (0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.98) and outbound migration (1.0, 95% CI: 1–1) seasons was significantly higher than the other seasons. Average survival tended to be higher for nonbreeding (0.81, 95% CI: 0.71–0.88) compared to return migration (0.69, 95% CI: 0.56–0.81) seasons. Risk of mortality for all vulture populations increased with road density, and this was greater during the nonbreeding and return migration seasons. The spatial variation in road density across the Americas may generate a network of ecological traps for Turkey Vultures induced to stop in areas of greater road-kill abundance. Road-killed animals acting as an attractant for vultures can increase the occurrence of vulture-vehicle collisions and potentially aggravate human-wildlife conflicts. Further analyses are needed to address survivorship and mortality factors for young birds. Our results may help the implementation of specific mitigation efforts to reduce human–vulture conflicts and vulture mortality. For instance, concentrating efforts to remove road-killed animals in areas where road density is highest can likely reduce vulture–vehicle collisions and associated mortalities of these birds.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

A novel immune-related prognostic signature based on Chemoradiotherapy sensitivity predicts long-term survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Raw Data for PeerJ

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Effect of Herbal Extracts on the Survival of Staphylococcus aureus in Goats' Raw Milk Cheese

Presented as e-Poster Flash Presentation; and in Book of Abstracts of the International Seminar ArtiSaneFood - Biopreservation and Risk Modelling Approaches. Bragança, Portugal (24-25 May 2023) (Page 54).

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

High-dimensional deconstruction of pancreatic cancer identifies tumor microenvironmental and developmental stemness features that predict survival

Annotated single cell count data for "High-dimensional deconstruction of pancreatic cancer identifies tumor microenvironmental and developmental stemness features that predict survival"