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Forest Inventory and Biophysical Measurements, Brazilian Amazon, 2009-2018

This dataset provides the complete catalog of forest inventory and biophysical measurements collected over selected forest research sites across the Amazon rainforest in Brazil between 2009 and 2018 for the Sustainable Landscapes Brazil Project. This dataset includes measurements for diameter at breast height (DBH), commercial tree height, and total tree height for forest inventories. Also included for each tree are the family, common and scientific names, coordinates, canopy position, crown radius, and for dead trees, the decomposition status. Aboveground biomass estimate is available for selected sites. The data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) and shapefile formats. Sampling methodology for each site and year is described in companion files.

LBA-ECO TG-02 Biogenic VOC Emissions from Brazilian Amazon Forest and Pasture Sites

This data set reports concentrations of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) collected from tethered balloon-sampling platforms above selected forest and pasture sites in the Brazilian Amazon in March 1998, February 1999, and February 2000. The air samples were collected from forested sites in Brazil: the Tapajos forest (Para) in the Tapajos/Xingu moist forest; Balbina (Amazonas) in the Uatuma moist forest; and Jaru (Rondonia) in the Purus/Madeira moist forest. Two other sites were also located in Rondonia: at a forest reserve (Rebio Jaru) and a pasture (Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida). The BVOCs measured included isoprene, alpha and beta pinene, camphene, sabinene, myrcene, limonene, and other monoterpenes. Approximately 24 to 40 soundings, including as many as four VOC samples collected simultaneously at various altitudes, were made at each site. There is one comma-delimited data file with this data set.

LBA-ECO LC-21 Selective Logging Activity in the Brazilian Amazon: 1999-2002

This data set provides the results of analyses of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images for selective logging activity in the Brazilian states of Para, Mato Gross, Rondonia, Roraima, and Acre over the years 1999 through 2001. Images were analyzed using the Carnegie Landsat Analysis System (CLAS) to detect and to quantify the amount of damage due to selective logging in the major timber-production states of the Brazilian Amazon. This approach provided automated image analysis using atmospheric modeling for detection of forest canopy openings, surface debris, and bare soil exposed by forest disturbances; and pattern-recognition techniques. CLAS provides detailed measurements of forest-canopy damage at a spatial resolution of 30 x 30m. Fifteen GeoTiff format files are included -- one for each of the three years from 1999-2001 for each of the five states. Each GeoTiff is a single band image where each pixel represents if logging activity was or was not detected. A zero (0) value indicates that no logging was detected, while a value of one (1) indicates that damage from logging was detected. The 15 GeoTiff (*.tif) files have been compressed into one *.zip file.

LBA-ECO TG-03 Solar Surface Irradiance and PAR, Brazilian Amazon: 1999-2004

This data set includes solar surface irradiance from Kipp and Zonen CM-21 pyranometers, both total unfiltered and filtered (RG695), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from Skye-Probetech SKE-510 PAR sensors. Measurements were made at six sites acrosss the Brazilian Amazon during the period from 1999 to 2004. These sites were co-located with AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) program sites. There are 17 comma-delimited data files (.csv) with this data set. The AERONET program is an inclusive federation of ground-based remote sensing aerosol networks established by AERONET and the PHOtometrie pour le Traitement Operationnel de Normalisation Satellitaire (PHOTONS) and greatly expanded by AEROCAN (the Canadian sunphotometer network) and other agency, institute and university partners. The goal is to assess aerosol optical properties and validate satellite retrievals of those properties. The network imposes standardization of instruments, calibration, and processing.

LBA-ECO TG-07 Seasonal Trace Gas Profiles in Brazilian Amazon Forests: 2004-2005

This data set provides concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) from air samples collected at several heights on towers at three locations in upland old growth forests in the Brazilian Amazon during the wet and dry seasons of 2004 and 2005. Towers are located in the Caxiuana National Forest, in the state of Amazonas; the Manaus, Para, site in the Cuieiras Reserve; and the Sinop site, located north of that city in the state of Mato Grosso. Two sampling campaigns were conducted at each location. Samples were collected from each height 3-5 times on several nights and at least once during well-mixed daytime conditions during each campaign for a total of 75 profiles on 19 dates. There is one comma-delimited ASCII file with this data set.

LBA-ECO LC-03 SAR Images, Land Cover, and Biomass, Four Areas across Brazilian Amazon

This data set provides three related land cover products for four study areas across the Brazilian Amazon: Manaus, Amazonas; Tapajos National Forest, Para Western (Santarem); Rio Branco, Acre; and Rondonia, Rondonia. Products include (1) orthorectified JERS-1 and RadarSat images, (2) land cover classifications derived from the SAR data, and (3) biomass estimates in tons per hectare based on the land cover classification. There are 12 image files (.tif) with this data set.Orthorectified JERS-1 and RadarSat images are provided as GeoTIFF images - one file for each study area.For the Manaus and Tapajos sites: The images are orthorectified at 12.5-meter resolution and then re-sampled at 25-meter resolution.For the Rondonia and Rio Branco sites: The images from 1978 are orthorectified at 25-meter resolution and then re-sampled at 90-meter resolution. Each GeoTIFF file contains 3 image channels: - 2 L-band JERS-1 data in Fall and Spring seasons and - 1 C-band RadarSat data.Land cover classifications are based on two JERS-1 images and one RadarSat image and provided as GeoTIFFs - one file for each study area. Four major land cover classes are distinguished: (1) Flat surface; (2) Regrowth area; (3) Short vegetation; and (4) Tall vegetation. The biomass estimates in tons per hectare are based on the land cover classification results and are reported in one GeoTIFF file for each study area.DATA QUALITY STATEMENT: The Data Center has determined that there are questions about the quality of the data reported in this data set. The data set has missing or incomplete data, metadata, or other documentation that diminishes the usability of the products.KNOWN PROBLEMS: The data providers note that due to limited resources, these data have been neither validated nor quality-assured for general use. For that reason, extreme caution is advised when considering the use of these data.Any use of the derived data is not recommended because the results have not been validated. However, the DEM and vectors (related data set), and orthorectified SAR data can be used if the user understands how these were produced and accepts the limitations.

LiDAR Surveys over Selected Forest Research Sites, Brazilian Amazon, 2008-2018

This dataset provides the complete catalog of point cloud data collected during LiDAR surveys over selected forest research sites across the Amazon rainforest in Brazil between 2008 and 2018 for the Sustainable Landscapes Brazil Project. Flight lines were selected to overfly key field research sites in the Brazilian states of Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Goias, Mato Grosso, Para, Rondonia, Santa Catarina, and Sao Paulo. The point clouds have been georeferenced, noise-filtered, and corrected for misalignment of overlapping flight lines. They are provided in 1 km2 tiles. The data were collected to measure forest canopy structure across Amazonian landscapes to monitor the effects of selective logging on forest biomass and carbon balance, and forest recovery over time.

LBA-ECO LC-09 Soil Composition and Structure in the Brazilian Amazon: 1992-1995

This data set reports basic soil structure and composition information for five Amazonian research sites: Altamira, Bragantina, Tome-Acu, and Ponta de Pedras, all four in the state of Para, Brazil; and one site in Yapu, Colombia. Soil characteristics reported for all five study sites include cation information (e.g., H, Al, Mg, K, Na, S), percent of soil C, N, and organic matter, soil texture/composition and color, pH, and land use history. Soil bulk density and tons of carbon/ha are reported for only three of the study sites: Altamira, Bragantina, and Tome-Acu. All of the data are provided in one comma-separated data file.The five study areas represent characteristic differences in soil fertility and a range of land uses typical of the Amazon region. One of these areas, Altamira, is characterized by above average pH, nutrients, and texture. The other four areas are more typical of the 75 percent of the Amazon that is characterized by Oxisols and Ultisols, with well-drained but low pH and low levels of nutrients. Ponta de Pedras in Marajo Island, located in the estuary, is composed of upland Oxisols and floodplain alluvial soils. Igarape-Acu in the Bragantina region is characterized by both nutrient-poor Spodosols and Oxisols. Tome-Acu, south of Igarape-Acu, represents a mosaic of Oxisols and Ultisols. Yapu, in the Colombian Vaupes, is composed of patches of Spodosols and Oxisols. Three of the areas are colonization regions at various degrees of development: Altamira is a colonization front that opened up in 1971, whereas Tome-Acu was settled by a Japanese population in the 1930s, and Bragantina was settled in the early part of the twentieth century. Marajo (Ponta de Pedras) is the home of caboclos, whereas Yapu is home to Tukanoan Native American populations. In these study areas slash-and-burn cultivation as well as plantation agriculture and mechanized agriculture are employed. Length of fallows vary in these communities. The two indigenous areas leave their land in longer fallow than do the three colonization areas, and the proportion of land prepared from secondary forests increases with length of settlement as the stock of mature forest declines over time.

LBA-ECO LC-03 Hypsography, Rivers, Roads, and DEM, Four Areas across Brazilian Amazon

This data set provides four related spatial data products for four study areas across the Brazilian Amazon: Manaus, Amazonas; Tapajos National Forest, Para Western (Santarem); Rio Branco, Acre; and Rondonia, Rondonia. Products include vector data showing (1) roads, (2) rivers, and (3) hypsography and (4) digital elevation model (DEM) images that were encoded from the hypsography vectors. There are 15 data files with this data set which includes 12 compressed *.zip files containing ArcInfo shape files and 3 GeoTIFFS.This data set contains vector data showing roads, rivers, and hypsography for each study area in ESRI ArcGIS shapefile format. The vectors were hand-digitized by the Images Company in Brazil from paper maps produced by the Brazilian government. Depending on the scale of the original maps, the digitization errors vary. For some maps, some vectors are missing. Data were manually checked for duplicate or extra vectors. These data sets were derived from several map sheets produced from aerial coverages dating from 1974 to 1978.The DEM images were encoded from the hypsography vectors and are provided in GeoTIFF format. The attribute value associated with each line and point in the vector segment is encoded into the image channel; the image channel is then filled in by interpolating image data between encoded vector data. For each DEM: 1 image channel with pixel resolution = 25m x 25m. DEM images are provided for Manaus, Tapajos National Forest, and Rondonia. The files for Rio Branco were unusable due to a documentation error.DATA QUALITY STATEMENT: The Data Center has determined that there are questions about the quality of the data reported in this data set. The data set has missing or incomplete data, metadata, or other documentation that diminishes the usability of the products. KNOWN PROBLEMS:The data providers note that due to limited resources, these data have been neither validated nor quality-assured for general use. For that reason, extreme caution is advised when considering the use of these data. - Any use of the derived data is not recommended because the results have not been validated.- However, the DEM, vectors, and orthorectified SAR data (related data set) can be used if the user understands how these were produced and accepts the limitations.

LBA-ECO LC-35 Landsat ETM+ Derived Active Fire Masks, Brazilian Amazon: 2001-2003

This data set provides active fire detection images and associated summary information derived from Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images for various locations in Brazilian Amazonia during 2001-2003. There are two image types: (1) GeoTiff images (masks) of active fire pixels, and (2) GeoTiff images (masks) of clustered active fire pixels where a distinct cluster identification number has been assigned to each individual group of contiguous active fire pixels. There are 122 GeoTiff format files of each type of fire mask; a total of 244 images. The spatial resolution of the fire mask images is 30 meters. ETM+ images were selected based on data quality, availability, as well as on the occurrence of vegetation fires.In addition to the two image types, there are also two types of fire pixel summary information provided in text files: (1) one file of active fire pixel summary information derived from the active fire pixel images, and (2) 122 files of clustered active fire pixel information derived from individual clustered fire pixel masks, each of which correspond to a clustered image.

LBA-ECO CD-32 Flux Tower Network Data Compilation, Brazilian Amazon: 1999-2006, V2

This dataset is a compilation of carbon and energy eddy covariance flux, meteorology, radiation, canopy temperature, humidity, CO2 profiles and soil moisture and temperature profile data that were collected at nine towers across the Brazilian Amazon. Independent investigators provided the data from a variety of flux tower projects over the period 1999 thru 2006. This is Version 2 of the tower data compilation, where the data have been harmonized across projects, additional quality control checks were performed, and have been aggregated to hourly, daily, 16-day, and monthly timesteps. This integrated dataset is intended to facilitate integrative studies and data-model synthesis from a common reference point.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Figure 2 from: Pereira JBS, Giulietti AM, Pott VJ, Watanabe MTC (2019) Rediscovering two Isoetes species in the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado after 167 years. PhytoKeys 135: 105-117. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624

Figure 2 Mega- and microspores of Isoetes amazonica and I. gardneriana.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Figure 3 from: Pereira JBS, Giulietti AM, Pott VJ, Watanabe MTC (2019) Rediscovering two Isoetes species in the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado after 167 years. PhytoKeys 135: 105-117. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.135.46624

Figure 3 Megaspores of the variants of Isoetes panamensissensu lato.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Fig. 8 in A new species of Paralithoxus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Ancistrini) from the highlands of Serra da Mocidade, Roraima State, Brazilian Amazon

Fig. 8. Branchial apparatus of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL.

opencc-by-nc-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Figures 6-9 in New species of Sycorax (Diptera: Psychodidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

Figures 6-9. Sycorax manauara sp. nov., male body. (6) Lateral view. (7) Thorax, lateral view. (8) Wing. (9) Abdomen, dorsal view.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in New findings on Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) in the Brazilian Amazon

Fig. 1. State of Amapá with markers (black triangles) indicating the sampling site locations.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2018View details →

Figure 1 from: Ribeiro RP, Alves PR, Almeida ZS, Ruta C (2018) A new species of Paraonis and an annotated checklist of polychaetes from mangroves of the Brazilian Amazon Coast (Annelida, Paraonidae). ZooKeys 740: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.740.14640

Figure 1 Study area. Buenos Aires and Tronco creeks in Maranhão, Brazilian Amazon Coast.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Characterization of artificial larval habitats of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Brazilian Central Amazon

Fig. 1. Distribution of artificial larval habitats in the metropolitan area of Manaus.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2016View details →

Figure 1 from: Farias ES, Pereira Júnior AM, Felippe-Bauer ML, Pessoa FAC, Medeiros JF, Santarém MCA (2016) Culicoides hildebrandoi, a new species of the reticulatus species group from the Brazilian Amazon Region (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). ZooKeys 571: 105-111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.571.7341

Figure 1 - Culicoides hildebrandoi sp. n. Wing. a Female b Male.