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Reduced fitness under abiotic stress in F1 hybrids of Antirrhinum majus subspecies with divergent flower colors
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FIGURE 7 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 7. Longitudinal patterns of morphological variation in the L. microtis group. The x-axis represents a west–east geographical space across coastal southern Australia, and the y-axis describes important dimensions of morpho-spatial variation: (A) PC1 scores, derived from six mensural characters; (B) nMDS1 scores, and (C) nMDS2 scores, derived from five non-mensural characters. The line of best fit and 95% confidence interval are denoted by the black line and grey shaded zone, respectively. These graphs illustrate a mostly continuous and clinal structuring of phenotypic characters in the Lerista microtis group.
FIGURE 6 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 6. Biplot of non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) performed on five qualitative characters (DP, ULSB, ULSW, MLSW, NSS) and one meristic (MSR; i.e., an integer count) character. These characters are among key traits Storr (1991a) used to diagnose these purported taxa. Specimens (coloured points) that are ordinated closer to one another are phenotypically more similar than those further apart. This graph lends support to the phenotypic distinctiveness of Lerista arenicola from L. microtis.
FIGURE 5 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 5. Biplot of the PCA performed on six mensural characters (SVL, HL, HW, AGD, Forelimb and Hindlimb). Axes show the first two principal components (i.e., PC1 and PC2) and their percentage of explained variation. Large, coloured ovals denote the 90% concentration ellipses for each taxonomic group proposed by Storr (1991a). Small points denote PC scores of individuals, whereas large points denote group centroids. Variables are denoted by arrows, the direction and length of which indicates their degree of contribution to each axis. Each variable is coloured according to its percentage contribution to its associated PC.
FIGURE 1 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 1. Distribution of currently recognized Lerista microtis subspecies and Lerista arenicola. Taxon assignment reflects that of the original museum records and the purported distribution as described in the literature (e.g., Storr 1991a; Wilson & Swan 2021). Note that all confirmed records of L. m. schwaneri are confined to islands near the SA mainland. Photographs of live specimens as follows: L. m. microtis (green)—Anders Zimny; L. m. intermedia (blue)—Jordan Vos; Lerista arenicola (red)— Brad Maryan; L. m. schwaneri (yellow)—Trevor Peters. Record colours are made slightly transparent to show overlapping records better, with more saturated colours indicating greater density of records.
FIGURE 3 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 3. Geographical distribution of the characters states proposed by Storr (1991a) to diagnose Lerista microtis subspecies and L. arenicola. There is geographic predictability for some phenotypes (e.g., width of mid-lateral and upper lateral stripe), but less so for others (e.g., dorsal patterning). Arrows denote specimens from inlands. White points in the SVL map are juvenile specimens, which were removed from morphological analyses.
FIGURE 2 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 2. Examples of variation in colour pattern characters in the Lerista microtis group: upper row—dorsal view; lower row—lateral view. Storr (1991a) proposed that the black upper lateral stripe of L. arenicola (left) is narrow with indistinct edges, whereas that of microtis (right) is wide and boldly edged, thereby distinguishing it from L. arenicola.
FIGURE 9 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 9. Select Lerista microtis specimens showing variability in size and colour pattern. (A) Specimen WAM_R113419 from Margaret River area (south-west WA) with dark grey-brown dorsal colour, orange tail and no dorsal pattering (formerly L. m. microtis); (B) specimen WAM_R129702 from Quagi Beach (south-west WA) with continuous paravertebral stripes and olive brown dorsal colour (formerly L. m. intermedia); (C) pale specimen WAM_R137656 from the Nullarbor coast in SA (formerly L. arenicola); (D) specimen SAMA_R45924 from Wedge Island (SA) showing continuous paravertebral stripes and vertebral stripe (formerly L. m. schwaneri); (E) the holotype of Lerista microtis.
FIGURE 4 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 4. Comparative violin plots with embedded boxplots of size corrected mensural characters (top six graphs) for each taxon (Lerista arenicola and all Lerista microtis subspecies) showing the mean (white dot), range, frequency, and inter-quartile range (black rectangle). The bottom three graphs are comparative boxplots of meristic characters showing the mean (white dot), range, and inter-quartile range (coloured rectangle). Coloured dots correspond to y-axis values.
FIGURE 8 in Morphological and genetic data challenge species and subspecies in the Lerista microtis group (Squamata: Scincidae)
FIGURE 8. Evolutionary relationships in Lerista lizards with focus on taxa in the L. microtis complex. (A) Results from a phylogenetic analysis based on 133,163 base pairs across 940 restriction site-associated nuclear DNA (ddRAD) loci. (B) Results from an analysis based on 1,143 base pairs from the cytochrome b mitochondrial marker. (C) Map depicting the sampling localities of specimens included in the genetic analyses. For clarity, a maximum of three samples per taxon outside of the L. microtis complex is shown in each tree; to provide a reference of intra-taxon divergences across Lerista, these samples were selected to include the most divergent individuals within each taxon. Nodal bootstrap support values> 70 are indicated with a black dot. Information on genetic samples are provided in Table A3, appendix.
Isolation of a novel Streptococcus anginosus subspecies, AW1 from wound infection in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah province
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FIGURES 24–28 in A contribution to the knowledge of Namibian Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae), with the descriptions of four new species and two new subspecies
FIGURES 24–28. Female terminalia (tergite 8) of Atherigona spp., dorsal views. 24. A. (s. str.) angulata Deeming. 25. A. (s. str.) corrugata Deeming. 26. A. (s. str.) maraisi Deeming, sp. nov. 27. A. (s. str.) parvihumilata Muller. 28. A. (s. str.) pulla (Wiedemann). All not to scale.
FIGURES 1–23 in A contribution to the knowledge of Namibian Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae), with the descriptions of four new species and two new subspecies
FIGURES 1–23. Male terminalia of Atherigona spp. (1–4) A. (s. str.) australis Deeming, sp. nov. 1. Trifoliate process, dorsal view. 2. Same, lateral view. 3. Hypopygial prominence, dorsal view. 4. Same, lateral view. (5–8). A. (s. str.) maraisi Deeming, sp. nov. 5. Trifoliate process, dorsal view. 6. Same, lateral view. 7. Hypopygial prominence, dorsal view. 8. Same, lateral view. (9–12). A. (s. str.) mulleri Deeming, sp. nov. 9. Trifoliate process, dorsal view. 10. Same, lateral view. 11. Hypopygial prominence, dorsal view. 12. Same, lateral view. (13–16). A. (s. str.) jordaensi Magoai & Muller. 13. Trifoliate process, dorsal view. 14. Same, lateral view. 15. Hypopygial prominence, dorsal view. 16. Same, lateral view. (17–20). A. (s. str.) robertsi okavango Deeming, ssp. nov. 17. Trifoliate process, dorsal view. 18. Same, lateral view. 19. Hypopygial prominence, dorsal view. 20. Same, lateral view. (21). A. (s. str.) fumivenosa Deeming, trifoliate process, lateral view. (22). A. (Acritochaeta) tsumeb Deeming, sp. nov., cercal plate, ventral view. (23). Atherigona (Acritochaeta) yorki ssp. yorki Deeming, epandrium and surstyli, left oblique view. All not to scale. Abbreviations: epand—epandrium; sp—spines; sur—surstylus.
FIGURE 7 in Reexamination of the taxonomic status of Coladenia agni (de Nicéville, [1884]) from Hainan, China reveals a new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)
FIGURE 7. Phylogeny of Coladenia agni from different localities. A: hypothetical tree constructed by morphological and distributional traits. B: phylogeny inferred from ML analysis of COI with bootstrap support values (SH-aLRT support/ultrafast bootstrap support). The Indo-Chinese C. agni from Hainan is highlighted in red and that from the mainland is in yellow.
FIGURE 3 in Reexamination of the taxonomic status of Coladenia agni (de Nicéville, [1884]) from Hainan, China reveals a new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)
FIGURE 3. Genitalia of Coladenia agni huanghaoi ssp. nov. A: Male genitalia. B: Female genitalia. la = lateral view, lo = oblique lateral view, ds = dorsal view, vs = ventral view, po = posterior view.
FIGURE 2 in Reexamination of the taxonomic status of Coladenia agni (de Nicéville, [1884]) from Hainan, China reveals a new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)
FIGURE 2. Magnified scales of some specialized structures. A: underside of the palpi, P1+2 = the first two segments of palpi, P3 = the third segment of palpi, P i = inside of P1+2, Po = outside of P1+2. B: inside of the hind tibiae and end of the abdomen. Scale for Fig. 2B.
FIGURE 6 in Reexamination of the taxonomic status of Coladenia agni (de Nicéville, [1884]) from Hainan, China reveals a new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)
FIGURE 6. Distributional map of Coladenia agni. T = type locality. Source from references in Material and methods.
FIGURES 7–11 in Confirmation of Gonioctena rufa (Kraatz, 1879) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in northeastern Asia, previously misinterpreted as a subspecies of G. viminalis (Linnaeus, 1758), and a new synonym in the genus
FIGURES 7–11. Gonioctena rufa (Kraatz, 1879). 7, distribution map based on specimens examined; 8–9, aedeagus in dorsal & lateral views, lectotype (Amur); 10, aedeagus in lateral view (Pyeongchang, South Korea); 11, aedeagus in lateral view (Yamanashi, Japan).
FIGURE 3. A in A new subspecies in the Turdus nudigenis complex (Aves: Turdidae) from the Cauca River valley of Colombia
FIGURE 3. A. Bayesian tree showing phylogenetic relationships among members of the T. nudigenis complex based on ND2 sequence data. Samples of the CRV population (T. g. suarezi) form a well-supported clade nested within a clade containing South American populations of T. grayi and T. nudigenis. Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥0.95 and bootstrap values>70% are indicated above nodes, respectively. Asterisks indicate maximum values of 1.0 and 100%. Branch colors match those in the haplotype network and tip numbers those in Table 1. B. Median-joining haplotype network confirms either the slight genetic differentiation of the new subspecies, the haplotype sharing between T. g. casius and T. n. nudigenis, and the genetic distinctiveness of T. grayi from Central America, which is paraphyletic with respect to T. g. incomptus. Circles represent different haplotypes, whereas circle size refers to number of individuals per haplotype. Haplotype colors match tips in the phylogeny. Vertical bars and black circles denote substitutions and unsampled haplotypes, respectively.
FIGURE 2 in A new subspecies in the Turdus nudigenis complex (Aves: Turdidae) from the Cauca River valley of Colombia
FIGURE 2. Map of South America and Central America showing the geographic origin of tissue samples of members of the T. nudigenis complex analyzed in this study. Circle colors match those in the phylogeny and haplotype network (Fig. 3), while tip numbers correspond to sample ID in Table 1. The purple star indicates the type locality of the new taxon described in this study.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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