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134 results for “Bison bison”
Fig. 6 in Seasonal and Diel Activity of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Attracted to European Bison Dung in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland
Fig. 6. Comparison of endocoprid and paracoprid guild abundance in material trapped during the day (6 am–6 pm) and at night (6 pm–6 am) in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland. * = p <0.05; ** = p <0.001.
Fig. 3 in Did Costa Rican Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Feed on Bison Dung before the Arrival of Spanish Cattle?
Fig. 3. Known distribution of Copris subpunctatus (filled circles) and the localities of Toro Amarillo, R´ıo Brujo, and Cartago, Costa Rica (filled squares).
Fig. 1 in Did Costa Rican Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Feed on Bison Dung before the Arrival of Spanish Cattle?
Fig. 1. Countries and localities mentioned in the text. 1. Hormiguero (El Salvador); 2. Jalapa (Nicaragua); 3. R´ıo Viejo (Nicaragua); 4. El Recreo/Acahualinca (Nicaragua) 5. Toro Amarillo (Costa Rica); 6. R´ıo Brujo (Costa Rica). Modified after Alvarado et al. (2008).
Assessing the nutritional consequences of switching foraging behaviour in wood bison
<p>Diet is one of the most common traits used to organize species of animals into niches. For ruminant herbivores, the breadth and uniqueness of their dietary niche is placed on a spectrum from browsers that consume woody (i.e., browse) and herbaceous (i.e., forbs) plants, to grazers with graminoid-rich diets. However, seasonal changes in plant availability and quality can lead to switching of their dietary niche, even within species. In this study, we examined whether a population of wood bison (<i>Bison bison athabascae</i>) in northeast Alberta, Canada seasonally switched their foraging behaviour, and if so, whether this was associated with changes in nutrient acquisition. We hypothesized that bison should switch foraging behaviours from grazing in the winter when standing, dead graminoids are the only foliar plants readily available to browsing during spring and summer as nutritious and digestible foliar parts of browse and forbs become available. If bison are switching foraging strategy to maximize protein consumption, then there should be a corresponding shift in the nutritional niche. Alternatively, if bison are eating different plants, but consuming similar amounts of nutrients, then bison are switching their dietary niche to maintain a particular nutrient composition. We found wood bison were grazers in the winter and spring, but switch to a browsing during summer. However, only winter nutrient consumption of consumed plants differed significantly among seasons. Between spring and summer, bison maintained a specific nutritional composition in their diet despite compositional differences in the consumed plants. Our evidence suggests bison are selecting plants to maintain a target macronutrient composition. We posit that herbivore's can and will switch their dietary niche to maintain a target nutrient composition.</p>
Data from: State-space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population
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Data from: Enamel hypoplasia and dental wear of North American late Pleistocene horses and bison: an assessment of nutritionally-based extinction models
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Data from: Theoretical model of impact mitigation mechanisms inherent to the North American bison skull
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Data from: Yellowstone bison—should we preserve artificial population substructure or rely on ecological processes?
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Data from: Genetic variation and differentiation of extant bison (Bison bison) subspecies and cattle (Bos taurus) breeds and subspecies
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Data from: A combined mesowear analysis of Mexican Bison antiquus shows a generalist diet with geographical variation
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Data from: Bison body size and climate change
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Demographic rates of wild bison
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Data from: Influence of group size on the success of wolves hunting bison
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Data from: Spatial–social familiarity complements the spatial–social interface: evidence from Yellowstone bison
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Assessing the nutritional consequences of switching foraging behaviour in wood bison
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Data from: Climatic warming and the future of bison as grazers
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Ancient DNA-based sex determination of bison hide moccasins provides evidence for selective hunting strategies by Promontory Cave occupants
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Assessing the use of bison for savanna restoration at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve: Aboveground Biomass
Oak savanna is the most threatened ecosystem in Minnesota and fire, alone, is not restoring and preserving it. Our savanna restoration research started more than a half century ago in what had once been native savanna at Cedar Creek. It has shown that burning about 4 to 7 times per decade eliminates shrubs and non-savanna tree species and restores prairie grassland species. However, our 50 years of research is also showing that these frequent and intense fires are preventing oaks from regenerating. Bison are now known to be a keystone species for restoring and preserving grasslands, but their roles in savanna ecosystems remain unknown. In grasslands, bison preferentially graze the dominant warm season grasses that would otherwise outcompete wildflowers, thereby promoting plant coexistence and enhancing plant diversity. Here we propose to test whether bison grazing might promote the growth and survivorship of oak seedlings in burned savannas by reducing grass fuel for fires and by knocking back dominant grass competitors. We will maintain the existing fire frequencies and the design of the long-term burning experiment, while adding bison grazing as an additional factor in part of several burn units on the southeast side of the property. Bison will graze during the summer and early fall seasons. Grazing exclosures will be established, and oak seedlings will be planted, to test effects of bison grazing on early oak growth and survivorship. The outcomes we plan to achieve are to: (1) discover better restoration and preservation practices for savanna ecosystems; (2) determine how these practices impact savanna biodiversity; and (3) educate Minnesotans about the ecological heritage of their state, including the roles that bison, fire and biodiversity play in the functioning of savannas and other Minnesota ecosystems. We will achieve these goals and outcomes by: (1) restoring bison grazing to 200 acres of oak savanna; (2) experimentally testing whether bison grazing promot
Assessing the use of bison for savanna restoration at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve: Species Percent Cover
Oak savanna is the most threatened ecosystem in Minnesota and fire, alone, is not restoring and preserving it. Our savanna restoration research started more than a half century ago in what had once been native savanna at Cedar Creek. It has shown that burning about 4 to 7 times per decade eliminates shrubs and non-savanna tree species and restores prairie grassland species. However, our 50 years of research is also showing that these frequent and intense fires are preventing oaks from regenerating. Bison are now known to be a keystone species for restoring and preserving grasslands, but their roles in savanna ecosystems remain unknown. In grasslands, bison preferentially graze the dominant warm season grasses that would otherwise outcompete wildflowers, thereby promoting plant coexistence and enhancing plant diversity. Here we propose to test whether bison grazing might promote the growth and survivorship of oak seedlings in burned savannas by reducing grass fuel for fires and by knocking back dominant grass competitors. We will maintain the existing fire frequencies and the design of the long-term burning experiment, while adding bison grazing as an additional factor in part of several burn units on the southeast side of the property. Bison will graze during the summer and early fall seasons. Grazing exclosures will be established, and oak seedlings will be planted, to test effects of bison grazing on early oak growth and survivorship. The outcomes we plan to achieve are to: (1) discover better restoration and preservation practices for savanna ecosystems; (2) determine how these practices impact savanna biodiversity; and (3) educate Minnesotans about the ecological heritage of their state, including the roles that bison, fire and biodiversity play in the functioning of savannas and other Minnesota ecosystems. We will achieve these goals and outcomes by: (1) restoring bison grazing to 200 acres of oak savanna; (2) experimentally testing whether bison grazing promot
Assessing the use of bison for savanna restoration at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve: Consumption
Oak savanna is the most threatened ecosystem in Minnesota and fire, alone, is not restoring and preserving it. Our savanna restoration research started more than a half century ago in what had once been native savanna at Cedar Creek. It has shown that burning about 4 to 7 times per decade eliminates shrubs and non-savanna tree species and restores prairie grassland species. However, our 50 years of research is also showing that these frequent and intense fires are preventing oaks from regenerating. Bison are now known to be a keystone species for restoring and preserving grasslands, but their roles in savanna ecosystems remain unknown. In grasslands, bison preferentially graze the dominant warm season grasses that would otherwise outcompete wildflowers, thereby promoting plant coexistence and enhancing plant diversity. Here we propose to test whether bison grazing might promote the growth and survivorship of oak seedlings in burned savannas by reducing grass fuel for fires and by knocking back dominant grass competitors. We will maintain the existing fire frequencies and the design of the long-term burning experiment, while adding bison grazing as an additional factor in part of several burn units on the southeast side of the property. Bison will graze during the summer and early fall seasons. Grazing exclosures will be established, and oak seedlings will be planted, to test effects of bison grazing on early oak growth and survivorship. The outcomes we plan to achieve are to: (1) discover better restoration and preservation practices for savanna ecosystems; (2) determine how these practices impact savanna biodiversity; and (3) educate Minnesotans about the ecological heritage of their state, including the roles that bison, fire and biodiversity play in the functioning of savannas and other Minnesota ecosystems. We will achieve these goals and outcomes by: (1) restoring bison grazing to 200 acres of oak savanna; (2) experimentally testing whether bison grazing promot
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