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661 results for “Consumer”
Replication package for: Credit Shocks and Equilibrium Dynamics in Consumer Durable Goods Markets
<p>Alessandro Gavazza and Andrea Lanteri, Credit Shocks and Equilibrium Dynamics in Consumer Durable Goods Markets, Review of Economic Studies</p> <p>The package includes four folders: data, stata_code, matlab_code, and figures. Please see the readme.pdf file for details.</p>
Consumer movement dynamics as hidden drivers of stream habitat structure: suckers as ecosystem engineers on the night shift
Ecosystem engineers engineering can control the spatial and temporal distribution of resources and movement by engineering organisms within an ecosystem can transport mobilize resources across boundaries and distribute engineering effects. Movement patterns of fishes can cause physical changes to stream aquatic habitats though nesting or feeding, both of which often vary in space and time. Here we present evidence of ecosystem engineering by the Sonora sucker (Catostomus insignis), a dominant fish in streams of the southwestern United States, and show how cryptic nocturnal movement patterns and bioturbation activities control heterogeneity in benthic substrates, and in sediment and carbon export. Sonora suckers exhibit distinct diel movement patterns, spending daylight hours in refuge habitats (typically deep pools) while moving into shallow habitats at night to feed. Feeding by suckers creates substantial disturbance in soft sediments that are patchy in space and time. These disturbances moved up to 2.4 × 104 cm3 of sediment per square meter per week in locations that are up to hundreds of meters away from sucker daytime refuges. The diel cycles in feeding activity (i.e., nocturnal digging in benthic substrates) caused nighttime pulses in suspended sediment that comprised up to 32% of the daily suspended load and organic matter transport of a stream reach. During the daytime, this particulate transport settles in habitats beyond the location of the initial disturbance, thus redistributing both sediment and organic matter. Our data indicate that cryptic movement by ecosystem engineers can distribute their effects in space and time generating heterogeneity in resources and suggest that habitat modifications restricting consumer movement may alter the impact of engineering activities.
Data from: Decoupled responses of soil bacteria and their invertebrate consumer to warming, but not freeze-thaw cycles, in the Antarctic Dry Valleys
Altered temperature profiles resulting in increased warming and freeze–thaw cycle (FTC) frequency pose great ecological challenges to organisms in alpine and polar ecosystems. We performed a laboratory microcosm experiment to investigate how temperature variability affects soil bacterial cell numbers, and abundance and traits of soil microfauna (the microbivorous nematode Scottnema lindsayae) from McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. FTCs and constant freezing shifted nematode body size distribution towards large individuals, driven by higher mortality among smaller individuals. FTCs reduced both bacterial and nematode abundance, but bacterial cell numbers also declined under warming, demonstrating decoupled consumer–prey responses. We predict that higher occurrence of FTCs in cold ecosystems will select for large body size within soil microinvertebrates and overall reduce their abundance. In contrast, warm temperatures without FTCs could lead to divergent responses in soil bacteria and their microinvertebrate consumers, potentially affecting energy and nutrient transfer rates in soil food webs of cold ecosystems.
Data from: Disturbance-mediated consumer assemblages determine fish community structure and moderate top-down influences through bottom-up constraints
<ol> <li>Disturbance is a strong structuring force that can influence the strength of species interactions at all trophic levels, but controls on the contributions to community structure of top-down and bottom-up processes across such gradients remain poorly understood. Changes in the composition of predator and consumer assemblages, and their associated traits, across gradients of environmental harshness (e.g., flooding) are likely to be a particularly important influence on the strength of top-down control and may drive bottom-up constraints.</li> <li>We examined how consumers with particular traits, and the predators that consumed them, varied across a gradient of stream flooding disturbance and used experiments to assess the predation impact on those contrasting consumer communities (ultimately quantifying how flood disturbance altered the strength of top-down control).</li> <li>Consumer community composition and mobility were strongly related to flood disturbance; the biomass and drift of protected primary consumers (i.e., those with morphological defences) decreased with increasing flood disturbance. Predatory fish species had different disturbance niches, and path analysis identified that both direct flood-disturbance effects and indirect bottom-up constraints of flood-disturbance on consumers influenced predatory fish composition and biomass. Fishes generally fed most effectively on consumer types associated with their particular niche, but all fishes were strongly size-selective when feeding on protected consumers. Although protected consumers did not grow large enough to escape predation, an <i>in situ </i>experiment showed protected consumers were at a reduced risk of predation as disturbance increased compared to unprotected consumers.</li> <li>Overall, top-down control declined with flood disturbance, but the effect depended on consumer traits. Predatory fishes were only capable of exerting top-down control on protected consumers in benign habitats but impacted unprotected consumers across a larger range of the disturbance gradient. Collectively our findings suggest that a shift towards a more disturbed state will probably result in reduced predator impacts and a weakening of top-down control. Moreover, predicted increases in the frequency and intensity of climatic events causing disturbance, such as flooding, are likely to result in a community shift that disproportionately impacts protected consumers and the predators that utilise them as prey through the subsequent bottom-up constraints.</li> </ol>
Data from: Body size variation in aquatic consumers causes pervasive community effects, independent of mean body size
Intraspecific phenotypic variation is a significant component of biodiversity. Body size, for example, is variable and critical for structuring communities. We need to understand how homogenous and variably-sized populations differ in their ecological responses or effects if we are to have a robust understanding of communities. We manipulated body size variation in consumer (tadpole) populations in mesocosms (both with and without predators), keeping mean size and density of these consumers constant. Size-variable consumer populations exhibited stronger antipredator responses (reduced activity), which had a cascading effect of increasing the biomass of the consumer's resources. Predators foraged less when consumers were variable in size, and this may have mediated the differential effects of predators on the community composition of alternative prey (zooplankton). All trophic levels responded to differences in consumer size variation, demonstrating that intrapopulation phenotypic variability can significantly alter interspecific ecological interactions. Furthermore, we identify a key mechanism (size thresholds for predation risk) that may mediate impacts of size variation in natural communities. Together, our results suggest that phenotypic variability plays a significant role in structuring ecological communities.
Data from: Sea urchins mediate the availability of kelp detritus to benthic consumers
Detritus can fundamentally shape and sustain food webs, and shredders can facilitate its availability. Most of the biomass of the highly productive giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, becomes detritus that is exported or falls to the seafloor as litter. We hypothesized that sea urchins process kelp litter through shredding, sloppy feeding, and egestion, making kelp litter more available to benthic consumers. To test this we conducted a mesocosm experiment in which an array of kelp forest benthic consumers were exposed to 13C- and 15N-labeled Macrocystis with or without sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, present. Our results showed that several detritivore species consumed significant amounts of kelp, but only when urchins were present. Although they are typically portrayed as antagonistic grazers in kelp forests, sea urchins can have a positive trophic role, capturing kelp litter before it is exported and making it available to a suite of benthic detritivores.
Consumer value data for water quality improvement depending on the gap between perceived and expected condition
<p>This CSV file provides data from a survey of consumers about the gap between current and expected tap water quality. The WTP analysis of consumers' expectations for improved tap water quality was estimated with the R program. The R program is available at https://www.r-project.org.</p>
3-CO Infographic – Strengthening Bio-based Systems Through Concise Consumer Communication
<p><strong>The 3-CO Project</strong></p><p>Our everyday choices matter!<br>You as a consumer play an essential role in the successful transition of Europe`s economy. By making conscious purchasing decisions you can support the switch from fossil to bio-based feedstock and help transform the EU economy from a linear (i.e. production to waste) to a circular one (i.e. a production-waste-production circle).</p><p>By changing your buying behaviour, you can put pressure on companies to foster sustainable solutions. By choosing bio-based options instead of fossil-based products, you can help bio-based industries to become more competitive and unlock the bioeconomy's full potential.</p><p>To make smart, informed and conscious buying decisions, we often rely on labels and certifications schemes. But the jungle of currently available sustainability and ecolabels makes their interpretation difficult. The 3-CO project will support consumers' purchasing decisions towards more sustainable bio-based solutions by developing actionable guidelines for label designs that reflect the needs of consumers and other stakeholders.</p><p><a href="https://3co-project.eu">https://3co-project.eu</a></p>
Data from: Community Credit Photovoice project on trust in consumer financial services
<p>The Community Credit research project explores pathways for trusted collaboration between credit unions and the communities they serve. To understand the experiences of people historically underserved by the consumer financial services industry, we focused in particular on the lived experience of low-income residents in Southern California. As part of a larger, mixed-methods study, in 2022 we conducted a five-week photovoice workshop exploring participants' economic lives and experiences with consumer financial services. Photovoice is a community-based participatory research method in which participants narrate and analyze their lived experiences using photography. This data set contains the transcripts from the photovoice sessions after excluding any personally identifying data.</p> <p>All study materials and procedures were approved by the University of California, Irvine Office of Human Research Protections and the Institutional Review Board (protocol ID 20216839). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2137567. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.</p>
Data from: Community Credit interviews on trust in consumer financial services
<p>The Community Credit research project explores pathways for trusted collaboration between credit unions and the communities they serve. To understand the experiences of people historically underserved by the consumer financial services industry, we focused in particular on the lived experience of low-income residents in Southern California. As part of a larger, mixed-methods study, in 2022 we conducted 30 semi-structured interviews exploring people's everyday financial practices and their attitudes toward consumer financial services providers. This data set contains the transcripts from the interviews after excluding any personally identifying data.</p> <p>All study materials and procedures were approved by the University of California, Irvine Office of Human Research Protections and the Institutional Review Board (protocol ID 20216839). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2137567. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.</p>
Evaluating bottom-up forcing of a rocky intertidal resource harvest on a high trophic-level consumer group
<p>The importance of ecosystem-based management (EBM) frameworks for resource harvest has increased over the past several decades as ecosystems face numerous anthropogenic stressors. In these frameworks, resource managers must consider the suite of interactions that comprise food webs and how resource harvest drives responses in non-target organisms. In rocky intertidal zones along North Atlantic coastlines, rockweed (<em>Ascophyllum nodosum</em>)—a canopy-forming brown seaweed—has been commercially harvested for centuries, yet most research on the effects of harvest have focused on the responses of the target resource and the macroinvertebrate assemblage. In this study, we used a Before-After Control-Impact experiment to assess the bottom-up effects of commercial rockweed harvest on a high trophic-level consumer group (birds) in Maine (USA). Overall, there was no evidence for strong bottom-up forcing of rockweed harvest on birds' site visitation. There was a small (fewer than two birds) positive effect size of harvest during the one-year post-harvest recovery interval. Several of the trends observed for the full bird assemblage appear to be driven more strongly by the low tide than the high tide bird assemblage. Independent of treatment, site visitation by birds was low in our study (60% of surveys recorded no birds) and highlights questions about the use of rocky intertidal habitats relative to other habitat types in coastal birds' home ranges. To our knowledge, there are no comparable assemblage-level bird studies in this system that can provide context to our results. Further research on coastal birds' habitat use within home ranges and food-web connections with rockweed-associated macroinvertebrates is needed to more confidently incorporate this high trophic-level consumer group into an EBM framework for a rocky intertidal resource harvest.</p>
Human health impact based on adult European consumers' dietary exposure to chemical contaminants and consumption of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and legumes
<p>This dataset was generated within the PRISMA project (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101110615) for assessing the health impact for adult consumers from 25 European countries due to dietary exposure to chemical contaminants and consumption of food based on different dietary patterns.</p><p>The risk coefficients used to generate data are presented in Table S1.</p><p>File S2 presents the health impact based on the chronic dietary exposure to chemical contaminants for each country.</p><p>File S3 presents figures regarding the health impact for each country for adult consumers due to dietary exposure to chemical contaminants and consumption of food based on different dietary patterns.</p><p>File S4 presents the health impact based on the consumption of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and legumes for each country.</p><p> </p>
Dataset on rapid sensory methods for cured hams and associations with consumer values in the Schwartz model
<p>A data set comprising data from N=127 consumers. Consumers answered the Schwartz Portrait Values questionnaire with 21 items. Later the same consumers rated blind and informed liking for eight types of cured hams, performed projective mapping based on tasting and on front-and back of pacg images, CATA on usages and values associated with the hams. </p> <p>Data collection procedures are described in attached pdf document, whereas all data is available as an excel file, including the metadata. </p>
Does fortune follow function? Exploring how consumer preferences drive the functional trait composition of the global songbird trade
<p>Defaunation and extinction undermine the resilience and functioning of ecological communities and ecosystems. Relative to other disturbances, overexploitation for the global wildlife trade presents a unique case of trait-based selection, as demand for specific individuals is often tied to unique morphological or aesthetic traits desired by consumers ("market traits"). Because evolutionary history leads to species that share both market and functional traits, we posit that non-random patterns of exploitation will result in non-random loss of functional diversity. <br>We applied a trait-based framework to the global songbird trade for 4616 species, 148 of which are plausibly threatened by the trade. We quantified select market traits, such as unique coloration and song quality, and ecological traits related to body size, diet, and foraging strategy to assess whether the trade disproportionately threatens particular functional groups. We additionally looked for patterns of association between market traits and functional traits to assess whether selection on certain market traits could drive selection on associated functional traits.<br>We found that overexploited birds are a distinct functional subset of the global songbird pool, with the trade disproportionately threatening large bodied, frugivorous, and seed eating birds. Across all songbirds, there were multiple non-random associations between market traits and functional traits, with the strongest associations observed among trade-threatened birds; this was consistent with our theory that consumer-driven selection on market traits could theoretically result in selection on functional traits. However, there was mixed evidence for this hypothesis at a global scale, suggesting that disproportionate threat to functional diversity may be more likely in regions where there is heavy demand for associated market traits. <br><em>Policy Implications:</em> Our results highlight the need for increased focus on the mechanistic drivers of trait-based selection on the consumer side of wildlife trade, and how patterns of overexploitation can systematically affect ecological communities and ecosystem services.</p>
Replication package for "Chain Restaurant Calorie Posting Laws, Obesity, and Consumer Welfare"
<p>This package contains the data, programs, and instructions to replicate the manuscript "Chain Restaurant Calorie Posting Laws, Obesity, and Consumer Welfare" by Charles Courtemanche, David Frisvold, David Jimenez-Gomez, Marietou Ouayogode, and Michael Price, which is forthcoming at JEEA.</p>
A Consumer Study on the Acceptance of Digitized Packaging for Food Quality Assessment
<p>Supplementary diagrams and pre-processed dataset to reproduce the findings of the publication "A Consumer Study on the Acceptance of Digitized Packaging for Food Quality Assessment" by Elia Henrichs, Julia Marie Senge, and Christian Krupitzer (University of Hohenheim, Department of Food Informatics and Computational Science Hub, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany).</p>
Establishing a Dual Generational Modality Dataset: Comparing the Ride-Sharing Adoption Trends and Perspectives of Consumers from two Generational Cohorts, Millennials and Gen-Xers - E2
<p>Ride-hailing services such as Uber or Lyft are the latest tool in sustainable transportation strategies to come under scrutiny. Originally thought to be a way to reduce congestion, these services have actually been shown to increase it in some cases. Although the number of individuals driving around urban centers to find parking appears to decrease with the adoption of ride-hailing, Uber or Lyft drivers are instead circling around waiting for riders. Additionally, ride-hailing services have not led to the abandonment of personal vehicles, but rather to the abandonment of public transit in some cases.</p> <p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of ride-hailing services in the two largest age cohorts in the United States: Millennials and Generation X-ers, focusing on the Southeastern states of Florida and North Carolina. This study seeks to determine how each generation has adopted these methods to help planners learn how to incorporate these strategies in transportation planning.</p> <p>The data provides information about the mode of transportation, trip details, and important socio-economic indicators of 1903 respondents from Florida and North Carolina.</p>
E-scape: consumer-specific landscapes of energetic resources derived from stable isotope analysis and remote sensing
<p>Energetic resources and habitat distribution are inherently linked. Energetic resource availability is a major driver of the distribution of consumers, but estimating how much specific habitats contribute to the energetic resource needs of a consumer can be problematic.</p> <p>We present a new approach that combines remote sensing information and stable isotope ecology to produce maps of energetic resources (<i>E</i>-scapes). <i>E</i>-scapes project species-specific resource use information onto the landscape to classify areas based on energetic importance.</p> <p>Using our <i>E</i>-scapes, we investigated the relationship between energetic resource distribution and white shrimp distribution and how the scale used to generate the <i>E</i>-scape mediated this relationship.</p> <p><i>E</i>-scapes successfully predicted the size, abundance, biomass, and total energy of a consumer in salt marsh habitats in coastal Louisiana, USA at scales relevant to the movement of the consumer.</p> <p>Our <i>E</i>-scape maps can be used alone or in combination with existing models to improve habitat management and restoration practices and have potential to be used to test fundamental movement theory. </p>
Data file for consumer moral identity effects on engagement in sustainable consumption in personal life and workplace environments project
<p>The survey data was collected in year 2018 to identify effects of moral identity on consumer engagement in sustainable consumption. Two environments were considered when collecting data for the project - work and home environments. The data contains survey responses to a number of questions which measure consumer engagement in sustainable consumption at home, consumer engagement in sustainable consumption at work, two dimensions of moral identity and offers demographic data about the respondents. </p>
When text simplification is not enough: Could a graph-based visualization facilitate consumers' comprehension of dietary supplement information?
<p>Background: Dietary supplements are widely used. However, dietary supplements are not always safe. For example, an estimated 23,000 emergency room visits every year in the United States were attributed to adverse events related to dietary supplement use. With the rapid development of the Internet, consumers usually seek health information including dietary supplement information online. To help consumers access quality online dietary supplement information, we have identified trustworthy dietary supplement information sources and built an evidence-based knowledge base of dietary supplement information—the integrated DIetary Supplement Knowledge base (iDISK) that integrates and standardizes dietary supplement related information across these different sources. However, as information in iDISK was collected from scientific sources, the complex medical jargon is a barrier for consumers' comprehension. Objective: To assess how different approaches to simplify and represent dietary supplement information from iDISK will affect lay consumers' comprehension.</p> <p>Methods: Using a crowdsourcing platform, we recruited participants to read dietary supplement information in four different representations from iDISK: (1) original text, (2) syntactic and lexical text simplification, (3) manual text simplification, and (4) a graph-based visualization. We then assessed how the different simplification and representation strategies affected consumers' comprehension of dietary supplement information in terms of accuracy and response time to a set of comprehension questions.</p> <p>Results: With responses from 690 qualified participants, our experiments confirmed that the manual approach, as expected, had the best performance for both accuracy and response time to the comprehension questions, while the graph-based approach ranked the second outperforming other representations. In some cases, the graph-based representation outperformed the manual approach in terms of response time.</p> <p>Conclusions: A hybrid approach that combines text and graph-based representations might be needed to accommodate consumers' different information needs and information seeking behavior.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.