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Figure 3 in Morphology of camouflage by encrustation in the spider crabs Schizophrys dahlak and Hyastenus hilgendorfi (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Epialtidae) from the Suez Canal, Egypt

Figure 3. dahlak. (a) Typical cuspidate setae on exoskeleton. (b–e) Antler setae: (b) arrow indicates miniature (short) antler setae with horn-like setal shaft; (c) four large denticles near the distal portion; (d) tall antler setae; (e) arrow indicates tiny denticles arranged in a single row. (f) Pappose setae on exoskeleton indicated by arrow. (g) Plumose setae found randomly on carapace. Setules (S in inset) situated in grooves indicated by arrow. (h) Composite setae on lateral margins of carapace. (i) Setules flanking one side of setal shaft (S in inset). (j) Multiserrate setae found on branchial and abdominal regions of exoskeleton.

Figure 2 in Morphology of camouflage by encrustation in the spider crabs Schizophrys dahlak and Hyastenus hilgendorfi (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Epialtidae) from the Suez Canal, Egypt

Figure 2. Schizophrys dahlak. (a) Arrows point to surface protuberances among hooked setae. (b–d) Patterns of distribution of the three types of tubercles on S. dahlak integument. (b) Arrow points to single denticles found in rows; (c) paired denticles indicated by arrow; (d) single denticle facing a group of spinules. (e) Arrow indicates typical hooked setae on exoskeleton. (f) Lateral slit present on the proximal portion up to distal end indicated by arrow. Denticles (De) on inside of curve on the distal portion of setal shaft. (g) Simple setae on the branchial and abdominal regions of the exoskeleton. (h) Arrow points to slightly curved distal end of the longest simple setae.

Figure 1 in Morphology of camouflage by encrustation in the spider crabs Schizophrys dahlak and Hyastenus hilgendorfi (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Epialtidae) from the Suez Canal, Egypt

Figure 1. (a) Hyastenus hilgendorfi, totally inconspicuous individual; (b) Schizophrys dahlak, carapace visible through epibiota; (c) heavily fouled rostrum of H. hilgendorfi (air-dried sample, treatment method after Szebeni and Hartnoll (2005); (d) carapace of H. hilgendorfi masked with ascidians indicated by arrows; (e) arrows point to cleaned regions of the same carapace as in (d); (f) carapace regions of S. dahlak.

Figure 5 in Morphology of camouflage by encrustation in the spider crabs Schizophrys dahlak and Hyastenus hilgendorfi (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea: Epialtidae) from the Suez Canal, Egypt

Figure 5. Hyastenus hilgendorfi. (a) Box with arrow indicates cuspdenticulate setae on the merus of 3rd pereiopod; (b) denticles distributed along shaft; (c) arrows indicate aristate setae; (d) setal shaft aristate, drastically tapers from base to tip, terminal part pointed with an acute angle. Inset: prickle-like denticles; (e) air-dried ribbed setae on rostrum; (f) critical-point-dried ribbed setae; (g) arrow indicates wide grooves of ridged setae bordered by long, narrow ridges running across setal shaft. Inset: spiny needle-like denticles; (h) frilled spatulate setae on the abdomen; (i) setal shaft heavily frilled starting from medial portion towards tip. High density of tuskshaped denticles.

FIGURE 9. Vellumnus intonsus n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 9. Vellumnus intonsus n. sp., holotype male (cw 4.3 mm, cl 3.0 mm) (CASAU-CR-2021-1024), India: (A) anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; (B) dorsal view of left cheliped; (C) dorsal view of right cheliped; (D) outer view of left chela; (E) outer view of right chela; (F) left P5. B, C, and D, E, photographed to same magnification.

FIGURE 6. Latopilumnus ajmali n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 6. Latopilumnus ajmali n. sp., holotype female (cw 5.2 mm, cl 3.6 mm) (CASAU-CR-2020-1023), India: (A) anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; (B) dorsal view of left cheliped; (C) dorsal view of right cheliped; (D) outer view of right chela; (E) outer view of left chela; (F) right P4; G, right P5. D, E, and F, G, photographed to same magnification.

FIGURE 5. Latopilumnus ajmali n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 5. Latopilumnus ajmali n. sp., holotype female (cw 5.2 mm, cl 3.6 mm) (CASAU-CR-2020-1023), India: (A) overall habitus; (B) right side of carapace (denuded); (C) frontal view of cephalothporax; (D) antennules, antenna, orbit and epistome.

FIGURE 2. Acanthophrys keeae n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 2. Acanthophrys keeae n. sp., holotype male (pcl 9.9 mm) (CASAU-CR-2021-1022), India: (A) overall habitus; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) anterior part of carapace; (D) angled subfrontal view of anterior part of carapace; (E) lateral view of right side of cephalothorax; (F) antennae, epistome, orbits, eyes, buccal cavity and third maxilliped; (G) proepistome, antennules and antennae; (H) epistome, antennules and antennae.

FIGURE 1 in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 1. (A) Colony of Callyspongia diffusa (Ridley, 1884) (Callyspongiidae) collected by trawlers; (B) Latopilumnus ajmali n. sp., holotype female (cw 5.2 mm, cl 3.6 mm) (CASAU-CR-2020-1023), on callyspongiid sponge.

FIGURE 8. Vellumnus intonsus n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 8. Vellumnus intonsus n. sp., holotype male (cw 4.3 mm, cl 3.0 mm) (CASAU-CR-2021-1024), India: (A, B) overall habitus (carapace gently brushed with right side denuded); (C, D) right side of carapace (denuded); (E) frontal view of cephalothorax; (F) antennules, antenna, orbit and epistome; (B, D) paratype ovigerous female (cw 4.3 mm, cl 3.1 mm) (ZRC 2022.0999), India.

FIGURE 4. Acanthophrys keeae n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 4. Acanthophrys keeae n. sp., holotype male (pcl 9.9 mm) (CASAU-CR-2021-1022), India: (A) left third maxilliped; (B) outer view of left chela; (C) merus of left cheliped; (D) left P5; (E) pleon; (F) left G1 (ventral view); (G) left G1 (dorsal view); (H) distal part of left G1 (ventral view); (I) distal part of left G1 (ventral view); (J) distal part of left G1 (subdorsal view); (K), (L) distal part of left G1 (dorsal views); (M) left G2. A–E, H–L, denuded. Scales: A–E = 0.5 mm; F–M = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 3. Acanthophrys keeae n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 3. Acanthophrys keeae n. sp., holotype male (pcl 9.9 mm) (CASAU-CR-2021-1022), India: (A) anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; (B) left G1 (ventral view); (C) left G1 (subdorsal view); (D) left G1 (dorsal view); (E) left G2. B–E, photographed to same magnification.

FIGURE 10. Vellumnus intonsus n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 10. Vellumnus intonsus n. sp., holotype male (cw 4.3 mm, cl 3.0 mm) (CASAU-CR-2021-1024), India: (A, B) right side of carapace (setae denuded); (C) left third maxilliped (denuded); (D) posterior margin of epistome; (E) left P5 dactylopropodal lock; (F) pleon; (G) left G1 (ventral view); (H) left G1 (dorsal view); (I) = left G2. Paratype ovigerous female (cw 4.3 mm, cl 3.1 mm) (ZRC 2022.0999), India. (I) right side of carapace (setae denuded); B) paratype ovigerous female (cw 4.3 mm, cl 3.1 mm) (ZRC 2022.0999), India. Scales: A–F = 0.5 mm; G–I = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Latopilumnus ajmali n in Descriptions of new and rare crabs associated with coral rubble and sponges from Kanyakumari, southeastern Arabian Sea, southern India (Decapoda: Brachyura: Epialtidae and Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 7. Latopilumnus ajmali n. sp., holotype female (cw 5.2 mm, cl 3.6 mm) (CASAU-CR-2020-1023), India: (A) right side of carapace (setae denuded); (B) left third maxilliped (denuded); (C) posterior margin of epistome. Scales: A = 1.0 mm; B, C = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12 in Refining the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875: reinstatement of Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and Anamathia Smith, 1885, and a new genus for Amathia crassa A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, with notes on its ontogeny (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae)

FIGURE 12. DORSAL VIEW Of CEpHALOTHORAx. (A) Rochinia gracilipes A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1875, mALE, CL 13 mm, CW 10 mm (MZUSP 12335). (B) Anamathia rissoana (ROux, 1828), fEmALE, CL 22 mm, CW 19 mm (USNM 243897). (C) Scyramathia umbonata (STImpSON, 1871), mALE, CL 57 mm, CW 43 mm (MZUSP 16228). (D) Minyorhyncha crassa (A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1879) n. gen., n. comb., mALE, CL 86 mm, CW 72 mm (MZUSP 28397). POS, HES, pOSTORbITAL AND HEpATIC SpINES, RESpECTIVELy. SCALE bARS: A, 5 mm; B, 10 mm; C, D 20 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Refining the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875: reinstatement of Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and Anamathia Smith, 1885, and a new genus for Amathia crassa A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, with notes on its ontogeny (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae)

FIGURE 8. Minyorhyncha crassa (A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1879) n. gen., n. comb., mALE fROm SOuTHWESTERN FLORIDA, GuLf Of MExICO, DORSAL HAbITuS (PHOTO: ARTHuR ANkER). SCALE bAR: 100 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Refining the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875: reinstatement of Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and Anamathia Smith, 1885, and a new genus for Amathia crassa A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, with notes on its ontogeny (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae)

FIGURE 4. Minyorhyncha crassa (A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1879) n. gen., n. comb., DORSAL VIEW Of CEpHALOTHORAx. (A) MALE CL 16 mm, CW 12 mm (MZUSP 16476). (B) MALE CL 23 mm, CW 18 mm (MZUSP 28395). (C) MALE CL 51 mm, CW 42 (MZUSP 12898). (D) MALE mALE CL 86 mm, CW 72 mm (MZUSP 28397). SCALE bAR: 20 mm.

FIGURE 11 in Refining the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875: reinstatement of Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and Anamathia Smith, 1885, and a new genus for Amathia crassa A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, with notes on its ontogeny (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae)

FIGURE 11. (A) Rochinia gracilipes A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1875, LATERAL VIEW Of CEpHALOTHORAx, mALE CL 13 mm, CW 11 mm (MZUSP 2815). (B) Minyorhyncha crassa (A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1879) n. gen., n. comb., LATERAL VIEW Of CEpHALOTHORAx, mALE CL 58 mm, CW 46 mm (MZUSP 12843). Ab1, AbDOmINAL SOmITE 1, PL 5–7, THORACIC pLEuRITES 5–7 VISIbLE LATERALLy. SCALE bARS: A, 5 mm; B, 10 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Refining the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875: reinstatement of Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and Anamathia Smith, 1885, and a new genus for Amathia crassa A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, with notes on its ontogeny (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae)

FIGURE 1. Scyramathia umbonata (STImpSON, 1871), CEpHALOTHORAx. (A) MALE, CL 32mm, CW 23 mm, DORSAL VIEW (MZUSP 17424); (B–D) MALE, CL 57 mm, CW 43 mm, LATERAL, DORSAL AND VENTRAL VIEWS, RESpECTIVELy (MZUSP 16228). BLACk ARROWS (B, C) INDICATE pREORbITAL SCuTELLATE pLATE AND HEpATIC bOLETATE ORNAmENTATION fuSED TOGETHER INTO LARGE, LEAf-LIkE pLATE IN LATERAL AND DORSAL VIEWS, RESpECTIVELy. SOLID WHITE ARROWS (B, D) INDICATE pTERyGOSTOmIAL TEETH COALESCENT AT bASE, fORmING A pROmINENT pTERyGOSTOmIAL RIDGE IN LATERAL AND VENTRAL VIEWS, RESpECTIVELy. OuTLINED ARROW (D) INDICATES ANTEROLATERAL CORNER Of buCCAL fRAmE pROTRuDED INTO ROuNDED LObE. GREy ARROWS (D) INDICATE STRONG, TRANSVERSE RIDGES IN THORACIC STERNITES 5–7. BLACk ARROW (D) INDICATES THORACIC STERNITE 8 ExTENDING LATERALLy bEyOND STERNO-AbDOmINAL CAVITy, AND LEfT uNCOVERED LATERALLy by AbDOmEN. SCALE bARS: 20 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Refining the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875: reinstatement of Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and Anamathia Smith, 1885, and a new genus for Amathia crassa A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, with notes on its ontogeny (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae)

FIGURE 7. Minyorhyncha crassa (A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1879) n. gen., n. comb., VENTRAL VIEW Of THE CEpHALOTHORAx. (A) JuVENILE mALE CL 16 mm, CW 12 mm (MZUSP 16476). (B) MALE CL 23 mm, CW 18 mm (MZUSP 28395). (C) MALE CL 51 mm, CW 42 mm (MZUSP 12898). (D) MALE CL 86 mm, CW 72 mm (MZUSP 28397). BLACk ARROWS (C) INDICATE STRONG, TRANSVERSE RIDGES IN THORACIC STERNITES 5–7. BLACk ARROW (D) INDICATES mALE THORACIC STERNITE 8 ExTENDING LATERALLy bEyOND STERNO-AbDOmINAL CAVITy, AND LEfT uNCOVERED LATERALLy by AbDOmEN. WHITE ARROW (D) INDICATES THORACIC EpISTERNITE 7. ST7, THORACIC STERNITE 7. SCALE bAR: 20 mm.