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Fig. 6 in Concentrations of juvenile and small adult cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts (Late Ordovician) of Porkuni, Estonia

Fig. 6. Apices of cephalopods of the Siuge Member of Porkuni, Estonia. A.?Pomerantsoceras tibia sp. nov., TUG 1227/40, internal mould of the apex. B. Porkunioceras tuba sp. nov., TUG 1227/26, apical view (B1), lateral view (B2). C. Pomerantsoceras tibia sp. nov., TUG 1227/43, lateral view (C1), and apical view C2), note the cicatrix. D. Eriditidae gen. et sp. indet., TUG 1227/44, apical view (D1), note the lack of the cicatrix, lateral view (D2). E. Oncoceratidae gen. et sp. indet., TUG 1227/37, lateral view (E1), apical view (E2).

Fig. 5 in Concentrations of juvenile and small adult cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts (Late Ordovician) of Porkuni, Estonia

Fig. 5. Camera lucida drawings of median sections of A. Orthoceratidae gen. et sp. indet. A, TUG 1227/1. B. Eriditidae gen. et sp. indet., TUG 1227/44. C. Orthoceratidae gen. et sp. indet. B, TUG 1227/2.

Fig. 3 in Concentrations of juvenile and small adult cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts (Late Ordovician) of Porkuni, Estonia

Fig. 3. Detail of the Siuge Member of Porkuni, Estonia. Line drawing outlines the bedding surfaces in the bioclastic limestone. Shaded areas emphasize the fossiliferous chert nodule beds. The chert nodules occur occasionally at the bottom of small scaled channels and other topographic depressions.

Fig. 10 in Concentrations of juvenile and small adult cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts (Late Ordovician) of Porkuni, Estonia

Fig. 10. Polished median section of Strandoceras orvikui sp. nov., TUG 1227/30 from the Siuge Member, Porkuni, Estonia showing siphuncular tube near apex. In contrast to members of the Graciloceratidae, the siphuncular tube is thick and strongly expanded between the septa.

Fig. 4 in Concentrations of juvenile and small adult cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts (Late Ordovician) of Porkuni, Estonia

Fig. 4. Polished median sections of cephalopods of the Siuge Member of Porkuni, Estonia. A. Eriditidae gen. et spec. indet, TUG 101/66a, detail of a siphuncular segment showing the annular endosiphuncular deposits. B. Orthoceratidae gen. et spec. indet. A, TUG 1227/1. C. Parvihebetoceras wahli sp. nov., TUG 1227/10, note the asymmetrical development of the siphuncular necks. D. Pomerantsoceras tibia spec. nov. 1227/45, fragment of apical part. +

Fig. 1 in Concentrations of juvenile and small adult cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts (Late Ordovician) of Porkuni, Estonia

Fig. 1. Distribution of Early Palaeozoic strata in Baltoscandia and position of Porkuni, Estonia within Baltoscandia. After Jaanusson (1976).

Figure 32 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 32. Yangtzeplacognathus protoramosus (Chen, Chen & Zhang, 1983). A, sinistral Pa element, NIGP 153145, Nj378, upper view (IY153-018). B, dextral Pb element, NIGP 153146, AFT-X-K13/40, upper view (IY163-040). C–G, dextral Pa element; C, NIGP 153147, Nj378, upper view (IY153-017); D, NIGP 153148, AFT-X-K13/44, upper view (IY165-014); E, NIGP 153149, AFT-X-K13/43, upper view (IY164-023); F, NIGP 153150, Nj378, upper view (IY153-021); G, NIGP 153151, AFT-X-K13/44, upper view (IY165-013). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 30 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 30. Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis (An & Ding, 1982). A–G, sinistral Pa element; A–B, NIGP 153127, AFT-X-K13/44, A, upper view (IY165-011), B, lateral view (IY165-010); C–D, NIGP 153128, AFT-X-K13/43, C, upper view (IY164-018), D, lateral view (IY164-016). E–F, NIGP 153129, AFT-X-K13/41, E, upper view (IY164-008), F, upper-lateral view (IY164-007); G, NIGP 153130, AFT-X-K13/44, basal view (IY165-012). H–L, dextral Pa element; H–I, NIGP 153131, AFT-X-K13/44, H, upper view (IY165-003), I, upper view, close up showing fine reticular surface structure (IY166-005); J, NIGP 153132, AFT-X-K13/44, basal view (IY165-006); K, NIGP 153133, AFT-X-K13/43, upper view (IY164-014); L, NIGP 153134, AFT-X-K13/40, upper view (IY164-001). Scale bars 100 µm, unless otherwise indicated.

Figure 31 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 31. Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis (An & Ding, 1982). A–G, sinistral Pb element; A, NIGP 153135, AFT-X-K13/44, basal view (IY165-008); B, NIGP 153136, AFT-X-K13/44, upper view (IY165-001); C, NIGP 153137, AFT-X-K13/44, juvenile, upper view (IY165- 015); D, NIGP 153138, AFT-X-K13/42, upper view (IY164-009); E, NIGP 153139, AFT-X-K13/41, upper view (IY164-004); F–G, NIGP 153140, AFT-X-K13/40, F, upper view (IY163-038), G, upper view, close up showing fine reticular surface structure (IY163-039). H–L, dextral Pb element; H, NIGP 153141, AFT-X-K13/44, upper view (IY165-002); I, NIGP 153142, AFT-X-K13/44, basal view (IY165- 007); J, NIGP 153143, AFT-X-K13/43, upper view (IY164-010); K–L, NIGP 153144, AFT-X-K13/40, K, basal view (IY163-041), L, basal view, close up showing lamellar surface structure (IY163-042). Scale bars 100 µm, unless otherwise indicated.

Figure 29 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 29. Yangtzeplacognathus crassus (Chen & Zhang, 1993). A–H, sinistral Pb element; A–B, NIGP 153118, Nj295, A, upper view (IY149-001), B, lateral view (IY149-002); C, NIGP 153119, Nj295, upper view (IY149-004); D–E, NIGP 153120, Nj294, D, upper view (IY146-013), E, upper view, close up showing cross section of the cusp (IY146-015); F–G, NIGP 153121, Nj294, F, basal view (IY146- 010), G, lateral view (IY146-011); H, NIGP 153122, Nj294, upper view (IY146-009). I–O, dextral Pb element; I–J, NIGP 153123, Nj294, I, upper view (IY146-024), J, lateral view (IY146-023); K–L, NIGP 153124, Nj294, K, upper view (IY146-032), L, lateral view (IY146-030); M–N, NIGP 153125, Nj294, M, lateral view (IY146-029), N, upper view (IY146-031); O, NIGP 153126, Nj294, upper view (IY146-025). Scale bars 100 µm, unless otherwise indicated.

Figure 28 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 28. Yangtzeplacognathus crassus (Chen & Zhang, 1993). A–B, Sa element, NIGP 153109, A, posterior view (IY146-036), B, lateral view (IY146-038); C, Sa element, NIGP 153110, lateral view (IY146-033). D–E, Sb element, NIGP 153111, D, antero-upper view (IY146-034), E, inner lateral view (IY146-035). F, sinistral Pa element, NIGP 153112, basal view (IY146-003). G–O, dextral Pa element; G–H, NIGP 153113, G, upper view (IY146-001), H, upper lateral view (IY146-002); I–J, NIGP 153114, I, basal view (IY146- 016), J, postero-lateral view (IY146-017); K–L, NIGP 153115, K, antero-upper view (IY146-004), L, upper view (IY146-005); M, NIGP 153116, upper view (IY146-020); N–O, NIGP 153117, N, basal view (IY146-021), O, lateral view (IY146-022). All from sample Nj294; scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 23. A–B in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 23. A–B, Venoistodus balticus Löfgren, 2006. M element; A, NIGP 153052, Nj296, posterior view (IY158-034); B, NIGP 153053, Nj296, posterior view (IY158-032). C–E, Protopanderodus liripipus Kennedy, Barnes & Uyeno, 1979. C–D, P element (low based); C, NIGP 153054, Nj406, inner lateral view (IY161-013); D, NIGP 153055, Nj406, outer lateral view (IY161-014). E, Sa element, NIGP 153056, Nj406, lateral view (IY155-010). F–L, Protopanderodus sp. F–G, Sa element, NIGP 153057, Nj297, lateral views (IY150-027, IY150-026). H–I, Sc element; H, NIGP 153058, Nj297, inner lateral view (IY150-028); I, NIGP 153059, Nj297, inner lateral view (IY150-029). J–L, Sb element, NIGP 153060, Nj296, J, outer lateral view (IY149-032), K, inner lateral view (IY149-031), L, basal view (IY149-030). M–N, Pseudooneotodus mitratus (Moskalenko, 1973). Pa element; M, NIGP 153061, Nj375, upper view (IY159-022); N, NIGP 153062, AFT-X-K13/44, upper view (IY164-029). O–P, Spinodus spinatus (Hadding, 1913). Sc element; O, NIGP 153063, Nj406, outer lateral view (IY161-001); P, NIGP 153064, Nj406, inner lateral view (IY161-002). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 27 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 27. Scolopodus? oistodiformis An & Ding, 1985. A–C, M element; A–B, NIGP 153104, Nj294, posterior view (IY148-020), B, basal view (IY148-019); C, NIGP 153105, Nj295, posterior view (IY149-008). D–E, Sa element, NIGP 153106, Nj294, D, anterior view (IY148-023), E, lateral view (IY148-031); F–G, Sb element, NIGP 153107, Nj294, F, basal-inner lateral view (IY148-022), G, outer lateral view (IY148-021). H–I, Sc element, NIGP 153108, Nj294, inner lateral view (IY148-030), I, outer lateral view (IY148-031). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 24 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 24. Pygodus anserinus Lamont & Lindström, 1957. A–F, Pa element; A, NIGP 153065, Nj276, upper view (IY152-022); B, NIGP 153066, Nj276, basal view (IY152-023); C, NIGP 153067, Nj388, upper view (IY155-002); D, NIGP 153068, Nj388, basal view (IY155- 003); E, NIGP 153069, Nj379, upper view (IY154-004); F, NIGP 153070, Nj389, upper view (IY155-004). G–I, Pb element; G, NIGP 153071, Nj378, outer lateral view (IY153-015); H, NIGP 153072, Nj376, basal-outer lateral view (Iy153-001); I, NIGP 153073, Nj376, inner lateral view (IY153-002). J, Sa element, NIGP 153074, Nj376, lateral view (IY153-003). K–L, Sb element, NIGP 153075, Nj377, K, outer lateral view (IY153-012), L, inner lateral view (IY153-013). M–P, Sd element; M–O, NIGP 153076, Nj376, M, posterior view (IY153-006), N, inner lateral view (IY153-007), O, outer lateral view (IY153-008); P, NIGP 153077, Nj379, outer lateral view (IY154- 008). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 22 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 22. Protopanderodus varicostatus (Sweet & Bergström, 1962); from the Pratt Ferry Formation of Alabama. A–C, Sa element, OSU 52807, from the topotype locality, A–B, lateral views (IYIY170-010, IY171-019), C, upper view showing cross section of cusp (IY170-012). D–E, Sb element, OSU 52808, from the topotype locality, D, inner lateral view (IY171-021), E, outer lateral view (IY170- 017). F–G, Pa element, OSU 52809, topotype, sample 64B2-12 from the top bed of the formation, F, inner lateral view (IY170-029), G, outer lateral view (IY171-016). H–M, Sc element; H–I, OSU 52810, from the topotype locality, H, outer lateral view (IY170-018), I, inner lateral view (IY171-022); J–K, OSU 52811, from the topotype locality, J, inner lateral view (IY170-020), K, outer lateral view (IY171-023); L–M, OSU 52812, from the topotype locality, L, inner lateral view (IY170-021)… (continued on facing page)

Figure 26. Scolopodus striatus Pander, 1856. A–B, P in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 26. Scolopodus striatus Pander, 1856. A–B, P element (acontiodiform), NIGP 153092, Nj294, A, anterior view (IY148-14), B, posterior view (IY148-015). C–D, Sa element (subrounded), NIGP 153093, Nj294, C, posterior view (IY148-012), D, postero-lateral view (IY148-011). E–I, Sb element (short-based variant of compressed paltodiform); E–G, NIGP 153094, Nj294, E, inner lateral view (IY148-007), F, posterior view (IY148-008), G, antero-outer lateral view (IY148-006); H–I, NIGP 153095, Nj294, H, outer lateral view (IY148-029), I, upper view showing cross section of cusp (IY148-028). J–O, Sc element (medium-based variant of paltodiform); J, NIGP 153096, Nj292, inner lateral view (IY158-025); K–L, NIGP 153097, Nj292, K, inner lateral view (IY158-022), L, outer lateral view (IY158-020); M–O, NIGP 153098, Nj294, M, basal view of basal cavity (IY148-017), N, outer lateral view (IY148-016), O, inner lateral view (IY148-018). P–Q, Sd element (long-based variant of compressed paltodiform), NIGP 153099, Nj294, P, inner lateral view (IY148-009), Q, basal view of cusp (IY148-010). R–W, M element (short-based variant of paltodiform); R–S, NIGP 153100, Nj294, R, inner lateral view (IY148-004), S, outer lateral view (IY148-005); T–U, NIGP 153101, Nj292, T, inner lateral view (IY158-023), U, outer lateral view (IY158-024); V, NIGP 153102, Nj295, inner lateral view (IY149-009); W, NIGP 153103, Nj294, inner lateral view (IY158-031). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 25 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 25. Pygodus serra (Hadding, 1913). A–E, Pa element; A, NIGP 153078, 13/40, upper view (IY155-018); B, NIGP 153079, Nj375, upper view (IY151-016); C, NIGP 153080, Nj375, basal view (IY151-010); D, NIGP 153081, Nj375, upper view (IY151-014); E, NIGP 153082, 13/40, upper view (IY155-019). F–H, Pb element; F, NIGP 153083, 13/40, outer lateral view (IY155-020); G, NIGP 153084, Nj375, outer lateral view (IY151-017); H, NIGP 153085, Nj375, inner lateral view (IY151-018). I–L, Sa element; I–K, NIGP 153086, Nj375, I, posterior view (IY151-015), J, lateral view (IY151-020), K, antero-lateral view (IY151-22); L, NIGP 153087, Nj375, posterior view (IY152-001). M–N, Sb element, NIGP 153088, Nj375, M, lateral view (IY152-005), N, posterior view (IY152-006). O–P, Sc element, NIGP 153089, Nj375, O, posterior view (IY152-009), P, inner lateral view (IY152-010). Q–R, Sd element; Q, NIGP 153090, Nj375, outer lateral view (IY152-004); R, NIGP 153091, Nj375, outer lateral view (IY152-011). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 19 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 19. Protopanderodus cooperi (Sweet & Bergström, 1962). A–B, M element; A, NIGP 153022, Nj376, posterior view (IY159-030); B, NIGP 153023, Nj376, posterior view (IY159-033). C–G, Sa element; C–D, NIGP 153024, Nj297, C, basal view (IY147-014), D, lateral view (IY147-015); E–G, NIGP 153025, AFT-X-K13/13, E, basal view (IY168-020), F–G, lateral views (IY168-021, IY168-022). H–I, Sb element; H, NIGP 153026, AFT-X-K13/13, outer lateral view (IY168-032); I, NIGP 153027, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY168-029). J–M, Sc element; J, NIGP 153028, AFT-X-K13/13, outer lateral view (IY168-034); K–M, NIGP 153029, Nj294, K, inner lateral view (IY147-017), L, outer lateral view (IY147-019), M, upper view, close up showing cross section of the cusp (IY147-018). N–O, Pa element, NIGP 153030, AFT-X-K13/13, N, inner lateral view (IY169-023), O, basal view (IY169-024). P–R, Pb element; P, NIGP 153031, AFT-X-K13/13, antero-outer lateral view (IY168-018); Q, NIGP 153032, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY168-030); R, NIGP 153033, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY169-029). Scale bars 100 µm.

Figure 12. A–Q in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 12. A–Q, Drepanoistodus basiovalis (Sergeeva, 1963). A–B, M element; A, NIGP 152935, Nj378, anterior view (IY160-004), B, NIGP 152936, Nj378, posterior view (IY160-005). C–E, Sa element; C, NIGP 152937, Nj379, lateral view (IY160-039); D–E, NIGP 152938, Nj291, D, lateral view (IY158-008), E, basal view (IY158-011). F–H, Sb element; F–G, NIGP 152939, Nj379, F, inner lateral view (IY160-040), G, basal view (IY160-041); H, NIGP 152940, Nj378, outer lateral view (IY160-011)… (continued on facing page)

Figure 11 in Middle to Late Ordovician (Darriwilian-Sandbian) Conodonts from the Dawangou Section, Kalpin Area of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China

Figure 11. Drepanodus reclinatus (Lindström, 1955). A, M element, NIGP 152921, AFT-X-K13/13, posterior view (IY166-005). B–E, Sa element; B, NIGP 152922, AFT-X-K13/13, lateral view (IY166-031); C, NIGP 152923, AFT-X-K13/13, lateral view (IY166-032); D, NIGP 152924, Nj375, lateral view (IY162-025); E, NIGP 152925, Nj295, lateral view (IY149-011). F–H, Sb element; F–G, NIGP 152926, AFT-X-K13/13, F, inner lateral view (IY166-030), G, basal-inner lateral view (IY166-029); H, NIGP 152927, AFT-X-K13/13, outer lateral view (IY166-033). I–J, Sc element; I, NIGP 152928, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY166-026); J, NIGP 152929, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY166-024). K–M, Pb element; K–L, NIGP 152930, Nj375, K basal view (IY152-016), L, anteroinner lateral view (IY152-015); M, NIGP 152931, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY169-010). N–P, Pa element; N, NIGP 152932, AFT-X-K13/13, inner lateral view (IY166-034); O, NIGP 152933, AFT-X-K13/13, outer lateral view (IY166-028); P, NIGP 152934, AFT-X-K13/13, outer lateral view (IY166-036). Scale bars 100 µm.