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206 results for “Muraenidae”
Fig. 7. Muraena argus, USNM 318316, 250 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 7. Muraena argus, USNM 318316, 250 mm. Left lateral view, gill arches in situ. (A) Entire gill arches exposed, sternohyoideus intact. (B) Close up of A. (C) First three arches and sternohyoideus removed, pharyngocleithralis exposed. Note absence of well-defined muscle bundle from anterior tip of LPT to hyoid and presence of fan-like subpharyngealis (Sph). Aa, anguloarticular; AD, adductor dorsalis; Cb, ceratobranchial; Ch, anterior and posterior ceratohyal; Cl, cleithrum; De, dentary; DP, dorsal process of UPT; Eb, epibranchial; Ep, epaxialis; LI, levator internus; LPT, lower pharyngeal toothplate; Mx, maxilla; Pcl, pharyngocleithralis; Sh, sternohyoideus; SO/DR, sphincter oesophagi/dorsal retractor; Sph, subpharyngealis; UPT, upper pharyngeal toothplate. Red star marks origin of LI1 within epaxialis.
Fig. 9. Uropterygius alboguttatus, USNM 338657, 310 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 9. Uropterygius alboguttatus, USNM 338657, 310 mm. Left lateral view of left fourth gill arch and associated musculature in situ, posterior end of pharyngocleithralis and anterior end of hypaxialis excised at red lines to expose hypaxial retractor; LE4 passes medial to the insertion of HR to insert more posteriorly (see also Fig. 10). AD, adductor dorsalis; Cb, ceratobranchial; Eb, epibranchial; Ep, epaxialis; HR, hypaxial retractor; Hy, hypaxialis; LE levator externus; LI, levator internus; Pcl, pharyngocleithralis; SO/DR, sphincter oesophagi/dorsal retractor; Sph, subpharyngealis.
Fig. 6. Muraena retifera, ANSP 103574, 165 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 6. Muraena retifera, ANSP 103574, 165 mm. Left lateral view of tendinous attachment of DR to vertebral column (covered by epaxialis) as it exits SO. Cb, ceratobranchial; DR, dorsal retractor; Eb, epibranchial; Ep, epaxialis; SO, sphincter oesophagi.
Fig. 5. Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, 290 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 5. Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, 290 mm. (A) Dorsal view of fourth gill arches and associated musculature, removed from body, SO/DR intact, showing anterior extension of DR to insert on UPT. (B) Ventral view of A showing insertion of VR on LPT, pharyngocleithralis removed. Cb, ceratobranchial; DR, dorsal retractor; Eb, epibranchial; LI, levator internus; LPT, lower pharyngeal toothplate; SO/DR, sphincter oesophagi/dorsal retractor; UPT, upper pharyngeal toothplate; VR, ventral retractor.
Fig. 4. Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, 210 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 4. Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, 210 mm. (A) Left lateral view of left fourth gill arch and associated musculature, removed from body, circular fibers of SO removed to expose longitudinal fibers of DR; anterior section of LI2 occluded by posterior section. (B) Medial view of A; posterior section of LI2 exposed dorsal and ventral to anterior section. AD, adductor dorsalis; Cb, ceratobranchial; DP, dorsal process of UPT; DR, dorsal retractor; Eb, epibranchial; LI, levator internus; LPT, lower pharyngeal toothplate; UPT, upper pharyngeal toothplate.
Fig. 3. Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, 290 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 3. Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, 290 mm. (A) Slightly oblique left lateral view of fourth gill arch (first three removed) and associated musculature removed from body, sphincter oesophagi (SO/DR) intact; note two branches of LI2 and their insertion points on UPT. (B, C) Dorsal views of anterior ends of fourth epibranchials (C, close up of right side) deflected laterally to show that DR does not insert on them, but instead on UPT. AD, adductor dorsalis; Cb, ceratobranchial; DP dorsal process of UPT; DR, dorsal retractor; Eb, epibranchial; LI, levator internus; LPT, lower pharyngeal toothplate; Pcl, pharyngocleithralis; SO/DR, sphincter oesophagi/dorsal retractor; UPT, upper pharyngeal toothplate. (Subpharyngealis not shown.)
Fig. 2. A and B in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 2. A and B based on figure 6B of Mehta and Wainwright (2008), modified. Red arrows point to indicated insertion points with which I disagree. (A) Red boxes indicate muscle identifications with which I disagree. (B) Muscles with my revised identifications in red letters. (C) Muscles redrawn based on my observations of Muraena lentiginosa, USNM 318298, epaxialis removed to match A and B, thus actual origin of LI (red star) within it is not shown; note origin of Sph on posterolateral surface of Cb4. AD, adductor dorsalis (?AD4? indicates the possibility that muscle as drawn could include part of AD4); Cb4, fourth ceratobranchial; Cl, cleithrum; DR, dorsal retractor; Hyo, hyoid (ceratohyal); LE, levator externus; LI, levator internus; OBL.DIV, obliquus dorsalis; Pcl (¼PHC. in panel A), pharyngocleithralis; R.C., rectus communis; SO, sphincter oesophagi; Sph, subpharyngealis. X indicates that there is no distinct muscle equivalent to the R.C. shown in A.
Fig. 8. Uropterygius alboguttatus, USNM 338657, 350 in Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)
Fig. 8. Uropterygius alboguttatus, USNM 338657, 350 mm. (A) Left lateral view of left fourth gill arch and associated musculature, removed from body, circular fibers of SO removed to expose longitudinal fibers of DR, hypaxial retractor removed. (B) Medial view of A. Note insertion of single branch of LI2 on anterior end of UPT and posterior insertion point of LE4 near Eb4-Cb4 articulation. AD, adductor dorsalis; Cb, ceratobranchial; DR, dorsal retractor; Eb, epibranchial; LE levator externus; LI, levator internus; LPT, lower pharyngeal toothplate; UPT, upper pharyngeal toothplate.
FIGURE 40 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 40. Strophidon sathete, Maumere Bay, Indonesia. Photo by J.E. Randall.
FIGURE 37 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 37. Gymnothorax rueppelliae, Dahab, Egypt. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky.
FIGURE 31 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 31. Gymnothorax pictus, Gulf of Oman, Oman. Photo by A. Nikolaev.
FIGURE 24 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 24. Gymnothorax nudivomer, Dahab, Egypt. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky.
FIGURE 14 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 14. Gymnothorax favagineus, Seven Brothers, Djibouti. Photo by J.E. Randall.
FIGURE 4 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 4. Echidna polyzona, Dahab, Egypt. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky.
FIGURE 7 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 7. Gymnomuraena zebra, Dahab, Egypt. Photo by A. Ryanskiy.
FIGURE 15 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 15. Gymnothorax flavimarginatus, Dahab, Egypt. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky.
FIGURE 3. Echidna nebulosa. A in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
FIGURE 3. Echidna nebulosa. A: Dahab, Egypt; B: Dahab, Egypt. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky.
APPENDIX 1 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
APPENDIX 1. (Continued)
APPENDIX 1 in Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species
APPENDIX 1. (Continued)
FIGURE 32. Sphenotic spine. A in Descriptions of neurocranium morphology in 34 species of moray eels (Muraenidae) found in Taiwan
FIGURE 32. Sphenotic spine. A: no distal expansion; B: extended lateral process.
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