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393 results for “New Hybrids”
Identifying climatic drivers of hybridization with a new ancestral niche reconstruction method
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Data from: Microsorum × tohieaense (Polypodiaceae), a new hybrid fern from French Polynesia, with implications for the taxonomy of Microsorum
A new hybrid microsoroid fern, Microsorum × tohieaense (Microsorum commutatum × Microsorum membranifolium) from Moorea, French Polynesia is described based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Microsorum × tohieaense can be distinguished from other French Polynesian Microsorum by the combination of sori that are distributed more or less in a single line between the costae and margins, apical pinna wider than lateral pinnae, and round rhizome scales with entire margins. Genetic evidence is also presented for the first time supporting the hybrid origin of Microsorum × maximum (Microsorum grossum × Microsorum punctatum), and possibly indicating a hybrid origin for the Hawaiian endemic Microsorum spectrum. The implications of hybridization for the taxonomy of microsoroid ferns are discussed, and a key to the microsoroid ferns of the Society Islands is provided.
Data from: Phylogeography of Aegean green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup): continental hybrid swarm vs. insular diversification with discovery of a new island endemic
Background: Debated aspects in speciation research concern the amount of gene flow between incipient species under secondary contact and the modes by which post-zygotic isolation accumulates. Secondary contact zones of allopatric lineages, involving varying levels of divergence, provide natural settings for comparative studies, for which the Aegean (Eastern Mediterranean) geography offers unique scenarios. In Palearctic green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup or Bufotes), Plio-Pleistocene (~2.6 Mya) diverged species show a sharp transition without contemporary gene flow, while younger lineages, diverged in the Lower-Pleistocene (~1.9 Mya), admix over tens of kilometers. Here, we conducted a fine-scale multilocus phylogeographic analysis of continental and insular green toads from the Aegean, where a third pair of taxa, involving Mid-Pleistocene diverged (~1.5 Mya) mitochondrial lineages, earlier tentatively named viridis and variabilis, (co-)occurs. Results: We discovered a new lineage, endemic to Naxos (Central Cyclades), while coastal islands and Crete feature weak genetic differentiation from the continent. In continental Greece, both lineages, viridis and variabilis, form a hybrid swarm, involving massive mitochondrial and nuclear admixture over hundreds of kilometers, without obvious selection against hybrids. Conclusions: The genetic signatures of insular Aegean toads appear governed by bathymetry and Quaternary sea level changes, resulting in long-term isolation (Central Cyclades: Naxos) and recent land-bridges (coastal islands). Conversely, Crete has been isolated since the end of the Messinian salinity crisis (5.3 My) and Cretan populations thus likely result from human-mediated colonization, at least since Antiquity, from Peloponnese and Anatolia. Comparisons of green toad hybrid zones support the idea that post-zygotic hybrid incompatibilities accumulate gradually over the genome. In this radiation, only one million years of divergence separate a scenario of complete reproductive isolation, from a secondary contact resulting in near panmixia.
Something old, something new: evolution of Colombian weedy rice (Oryza spp.) through de novo de-domestication, exotic gene flow, and hybridization
<p>Weedy rice (<i>Oryza</i> spp.) is a worldwide weed of domesticated rice (<i>O. sativa</i>), considered particularly problematic due to its strong competition with the crop, which leads to reduction of yields and harvest quality. Several studies have established multiple independent origins for weedy rice populations in the U.S. and various parts of Asia; however, the origins of weedy rice in South America have not been examined in a global context. We evaluated the genetic variation of weedy rice populations in Colombia, as well as the contributions of local wild<i> Oryza </i>species, local cultivated varieties, and exotic <i>Oryza</i> groups to the weed, using polymorphism generated by genotyping by sequencing (GBS). We found no evidence for genomic contributions from local wild <i>Oryza </i>species<i> </i>(<i>O. glumaepatula</i>, <i>O. grandiglumis</i>, <i>O. latifolia </i>and <i>O. alta</i>) to Colombian weedy rice. Instead, Colombian weedy rice has evolved from local <i>indica</i> cultivars, and has also likely been inadvertently imported as an exotic pest from the US. Additionally, weeds comprising <i>de novo</i> admixture between these distinct weedy populations now represent a large proportion of genomic backgrounds in Colombian weedy rice. Our results underscore the impressive ability of weedy rice to evolve through multiple evolutionary pathways, including in situ de-domestication, range expansion, and hybridization.</p>
Data from: Hunting behavior and feeding ecology of Mojave Rattlesnakes (Crotalus scutulatus), Prairie Rattlesnakes (C. viridis), and their hybrids in southwestern New Mexico
<p>Predators must contend with numerous challenges to successfully find and subjugate prey. Complex traits related to hunting are partially controlled by a large number of co-evolved genes which may be disrupted in hybrids. Accordingly, research on the feeding ecology of animals in hybrid zones has shown that hybrids sometimes exhibit transgressive or novel behaviors, yet for many taxa empirical studies of predation and diet across hybrid zones is lacking. We undertook the first such field study for a hybrid zone between two snake species, the Mojave Rattlesnake (<em>Crotalus scutulatus</em>) and Prairie Rattlesnake (<em>C. viridis</em>). Specifically, we leveraged established field methods to quantify hunting behaviors of animals, their prey communities, and diet of individuals across the hybrid zone in southwestern New Mexico, USA. We found that, even though hybrids had significantly lower body condition indices than snakes from either parental lineage, hybrids were generally similar to non-hybrids in hunting behavior, prey encounter rates, and predatory attack and success. We also found that, compared to <em>C. scutulatus</em>, <em>C. viridis</em> was significantly more active while hunting at night and abandoned ambush sites earlier in the morning, and hybrids tended to be more <em>viridis</em>-like in this respect. Prey availability was similar across the study sites, including within the hybrid zone, with Kangaroo Rats (<em>Dipodomys</em> spp.) as the most common small mammal both in habitat surveys and frequency of encounters with hunting rattlesnakes. Analysis of prey remains in stomachs and feces also showed broad similarity in diets, with all snakes preying primarily on small mammals and secondarily on lizards. Taken together, our results suggest that the significantly lower body condition of hybrids does not appear to be driven by differences in their hunting behavior or diet, and may instead relate to metabolic efficiency or other physiological traits we have not yet identified.</p>
The spatial ecology of Mojave Rattlesnakes (Crotalus scutulatus), Prairie Rattlesnakes (C. viridis), and their hybrids in southwestern New Mexico
<p>Hybridization between species provides unique opportunities to understand evolutionary processes that are linked to reproductive isolation and ultimately speciation. The extrinsic factors that limit hybridization, however, are poorly understood for most animal systems. Although the spatial ecology of individuals in natural habitats is fundamental to shaping reproductive success and survival, analyses of the spatial ecology of hybrids and their parental groups are rarely reported. Here we used radiotelemetry to monitor wild rattlesnakes across an interspecific hybrid zone (<em>Crotalus scutulatus </em>and <em>C. viridis</em>) and measured movement parameters and space use (Utilization Distributions, UDs) of individuals to evaluate the hypothesis that hybridization resulted in transgressive or atypical movement patterns. Unexpectedly, of the spatial metrics we investigated, we found that hybrids were very similar to parental individuals. Nonetheless, hybrids did show increased patchiness of core UDs, but this result is likely driven by increased habitat patchiness in the hybrid zone. Overall, we did not find evidence for overt extrinsic barriers to hybridization associated with spatial ecology; thus, we suggest that the close evolutionary history between the two parental species—and their ecological and behavioral similarities—likely increases the probability of hybridization events in this unique region of New Mexico.</p>
Hybridization dynamics and extensive introgression in the Daphnia longispina species complex: new insights from a high-quality Daphnia galeata reference genome
<p>Supplementary data for the Genome Biology and Evolution paper <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab267">10.1093/gbe/evab267</a></p>
Tab. 1 in Primula × chignolensis (Ericales: Primulaceae), a new primrose hybrid discovered in Val Seriana (northern Italy)
<p>Tab. 1 - Character table. / Tabella dei caratteri.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><i>Primula albenensis</i></th><th><i>Primula</i> × <i>chignolensis</i></th><th><i>Primula auricula</i></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>leaf margin</th><td>usually entire to subcrenate or crenate in the distal portion</td><td>distinctly and evenly crenate</td><td>crenate/subcrenate to subentire</td></tr><tr><th>color of leaf margin</th><td>not contrasting (green)</td><td>not contrasting (green)</td><td>contrasting (whitish)</td></tr><tr><th>corolla throat</th><td>copiously white-farinose</td><td>pale yellow, not or scarcely farinose</td><td>yellow, not or scarcely farinose</td></tr><tr><th>corolla limb</th><td>magenta (rarely purple or whitish)</td><td>magenta to deep magenta</td><td>yellow</td></tr></tbody></table>
Fig. 1. Cephalopholis aurantia, BPBM 32893, 190 in Cephalopholis Aurantia × C. Spiloparaea, A Hybrid Serranid Fish From New Caledonia
Fig. 1. Cephalopholis aurantia, BPBM 32893, 190 mm SL, Maldive Islands. Photo by J.E. Randall.
Fig. 2. Cephalopholis spiloparaea, BPBM 13260, 165 in Cephalopholis Aurantia × C. Spiloparaea, A Hybrid Serranid Fish From New Caledonia
Fig. 2. Cephalopholis spiloparaea, BPBM 13260, 165 mm SL, Pitcairn Islands. Photo by J.E. Randall.
Fig. 35 in Hybridization Among Western Whiptail Lizards (Cnemidophorus Tigris) In Southwestern New Mexico: Population Genetics, Morphology, And Ecology In Three Contact Zones
Fig. 35. Ventral views of the same lizards arranged in the same sequence as in figure 34.
Fig. 3. The contact region. Numbers designate collecting sites. Compare with figure 49 in Hybridization Among Western Whiptail Lizards (Cnemidophorus Tigris) In Southwestern New Mexico: Population Genetics, Morphology, And Ecology In Three Contact Zones
Fig. 3. The contact region. Numbers designate collecting sites. Compare with figure 49.
Fig. 9 in Hybridization Between the Endangered Unisexual Gray-Checkered Whiptail Lizard (Aspidoscelis dixoni) and the Bisexual Western Whiptail Lizard (Aspidoscelis tigris) in Southwestern New Mexico
Fig. 9. Antelope Pass, Peloncillo Mountains, Hidalgo County, New Mexico. Photo by C.W.P., April 1,
Hybrid L24 New Enrollment Post Approval Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02379819. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Hybrid Closed Loop Therapy and Verapamil for Beta Cell Preservation in New Onset Type 1 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04233034. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Population genomics of big mice from the Faroe islands: Hybridization, colonization, and a new challenge to identifying genomic targets of selection
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Data from: Variation in defensive and exploratory behaviors across a rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus × viridis) hybrid zone in southwestern New Mexico
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Data from: Phylogeography of Aegean green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup): continental hybrid swarm vs. insular diversification with discovery of a new island endemic
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Data from: Hunting behavior and feeding ecology of Mojave Rattlesnakes (Crotalus scutulatus), Prairie Rattlesnakes (C. viridis), and their hybrids in southwestern New Mexico
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Microsorum × tohieaense (Polypodiaceae), a new hybrid fern from French Polynesia, with implications for the taxonomy of Microsorum
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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