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FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 1. Live adult topotype specimens (Cachimbo, Pará) of Adenomera martinezi: (A) Voucher male AAG-UFU 1517 (SVL 23.7 mm); (B) Voucher male AAG-UFU 1515 (SVL 23.7 mm); (C) Voucher male AAG-UFU 1516 (SVL 24.2 mm); (D). Voucher male AAG-UFU 1520 (SVL 21.9 mm); (E) Male AAG-UFU 1522 (SVL 23.5 mm); (F) Female AAG-UFU 1521 (SVL 25.7 mm).

FIGURE 6 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 6. Live adult specimens of Adenomera saci sp. nov. from Cristalina, Goiás: (A) Voucher male AAG-UFU 1761 (SVL 20.5 mm); (B) Voucher male AAG-UFU 0809 (SVL 20.4 mm); (C) Male AAG-UFU 1673 (SVL 21.0 mm).

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 4. Adenomera martinezi, adult male topotype re-described (AAG-UFU 1517). Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views of head, and ventral views of foot (C) and hand (D).

FIGURE 3 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 3. Advertisement call of two male topotypes (Cachimbo, Pará) of Adenomera martinezi. (A) A waveform section (2 seconds) with five calls; (B) Audiospectrogram (ab(ove) and respective oscillogram (below) of the fourth call highlighted by a red outline. Voucher specimen: AAG-UFU 1517; (C) A waveform section (2 seconds) with five calls; (D) Audiospectrogram (above) and respective oscillogram (below) of the second call highlighted by a red outline. Unvouchered recording.

FIGURE 11 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 11. Advertisement call of two male specimens of Adenomera saci sp. nov. from the State of Mato Grosso. (A) A waveform section (2.5 seconds) with five calls from Pontal do Araguaia; (B) Audiospectrogram (above) and respective oscillogram (below) of the second call highlighted by a red outline. Voucher specimen: AAG-UFU 0208. (C) A waveform section (3.5 seconds) with five calls from Alto Araguaia; (D) Audiospectrogram (above) and respective oscillogram (below) of the third call highlighted by a red outline. Unvouchered recording.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of an adult male topotype of Adenomera martinezi (AAG-UFU 1517; SVL 23.7 mm); and dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views of the holotype of Adenomera saci sp. nov. (AAG-UFU 1339; SVL 22.5 mm).

FIGURE 10 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 10. Advertisement call of two male specimens of Adenomera saci sp. nov. from Cristalina (Goiás). (A) A waveform section (2 seconds) with five calls; (B) Audiospectrogram (above) and respective oscillogram (below) of the fourth call highlighted by a red outline. Voucher specimen: AAG-UFU 1761. (C) A waveform section (2 seconds) with five calls; (D) Audiospectrogram (above) and respective oscillogram (below) of the second call highlighted by a red outline. Voucher specimen: AAG-UFU 0809.

FIGURE 8 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 8. Adenomera saci sp. nov., holotype (AAG-UFU 1339), adult male. Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views of head, and ventral views of foot (C) and hand (D).

FIGURE 7 in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 7. Live adult specimens of Adenomera saci sp. nov. from Pontal do Araguaia, Mato Grosso: (A) Voucher male AAG- UFU 0208 (SVL 21.5 mm); (B) Male AAG-UFU 1747 (SVL 22.2 mm); (C) Male AAG-UFU 1745 (SVL 22.6 mm); (D) Female AAG-UFU 1748 (SVL 24.2 mm).

FIGURE 12. A in Taxonomic circumscription of Adenomera martinezi (Bokermann, 1956) (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) with the recognition of a new cryptic taxon through a bioacoustic approach

FIGURE 12. A scatterplot on the first two principal components (PCs) of bioacoustic variables of Adenomera saci sp. nov. populations. Open triangles (N = 7 individuals from the type locality, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás); Filled triangles (N = 4 individuals from Cristalina, Goiás); Circles (N = 7 individuals from Pontal do Araguaia, Mato Grosso); Square (N = 1 individual from Alto Araguaia, Mato Grosso).

FIGURE 5 in Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae; Luzarinae): a new taxon for the northern Pantanal of Brazil

FIGURE 5. Spectrogram of Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (22IPBC, 06:00 pm, 23ºC, 28.07.2013) calling songs.

FIGURE 4 in Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae; Luzarinae): a new taxon for the northern Pantanal of Brazil

FIGURE 4. Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Female paratype). Tegmina, upper left, dorsal view: A. Left side; B. Right side. Subgenital plate and ovipositor, upper right: C. Ventral view; D. Ovipositor apex, dorsal view; E. Ovipositor apex, side view. Lower row, copulatory papilla: F. Ventral view; G. Side view; H. Dorsal view.

FIGURE 2 in Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae; Luzarinae): a new taxon for the northern Pantanal of Brazil

FIGURE 2. Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Male holotype). A. Dorsal view; B. Right tegmen, dorsal (left) and ventral view (right); C. The right hind leg, outer surface; D. Head and pronotum, dorsal view; E. Head and pronotum, lateral view; F. Head, front view; G. Supranal plate; H. Subgenital plate.

FIGURE 3 in Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae; Luzarinae): a new taxon for the northern Pantanal of Brazil

FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (paratype). A. Ventral; B. Dorsal; C. Lateral views. Abbreviations: ec.arc–ectophallic arc; ec.ap–ectophallic apodeme; end.sc–endophallic sclerite; ps.s–pseudepiphallic sclerite; p.ps.i–proximal pseudepiphallic invagination; sc.A–sclerite A of pseudepiphallic part; sc.B–sclerite B of pseudepiphallic part; sc.C–sclerite C of pseudepiphallic part; ps.p–pseudepiphallic parameres.

FIGURE 1 in New molecular phylogeny of Lucinidae: increased taxon base with focus on tropical Western Atlantic species (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

FIGURE 1. Combined gene tree for Lucinidae based on sequences from three genes (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and cyt b), using Bayesian inference as implemented by MrBayes. Support values are posterior probabilities (PP). Codakiinae and Lucininae expanded in Figs 2 and 3. See Table 1 for sample details.Western Atlantic species in red. Scale is number of substitutions per site. Locality codes used on trees. ABD—Abu Dhabi; ANG—Angola; BD—Bermuda; BOC—Bocas, Panama; BR—Broome, Australia; CAL—California; CB –Chesterfield Bank; COSRIC West Costa Rica; CR—Croatia; DMP—Dampier, Australia; DEV—Devon, UK; FK—Florida Keys; FR—France; GD—Guadeloupe; HK—Hong Kong; JPN– Japan; KK—Kungkraben Bay, Thailand; LH—Lord Howe Island; LI– Lizard Island, Australia; MAD—Madagascar; MADANG—Madang, Papua New Guinea; MAUR– Mauritius; MB—Moreton Bay, Australia; MEX—West Mexico; NC—New Caledonia; NIG—Nigeria; OK— Okinawa; PAN– Panglao, Philippines; PNG– Papua New Guinea; ROD—Rodrigues; RUK—Ryukyus, Japan; SAF—Safaga, Red Sea; SGP—Singapore; SOL—Solomon Sea; SYD—Sydney, Australia; TCB—Tin Can Bay, Australia; TIM—East Timor; TJ—Tjärnö, Sweden; TUN—Djerba, Tunisia; VAN—Vanuatu; VEN—Venezuela; UK—England.

FIGURE 4 in New molecular phylogeny of Lucinidae: increased taxon base with focus on tropical Western Atlantic species (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

FIGURE 4. Single gene tree for Lucinidae based on cyt b sequences, using Bayesian inference as implemented by MrBayes. Support values are posterior probabilities (PP); branches with PP <50% were collapsed. Western Atlantic species in red. See Table 1 for sample details. Monitilorinae and Lucininae expanded in Fig. 5.

FIGURE 21 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 21. Detail of the phylogenetic hypothesis, Sabellomma, and specific hypotheses, from Fig. 20, showing optimizations of dorsal pinnular appendages. The formal definitions of these hypotheses are also presented, indicating that specific hypothesis S. minuta cannot be defined (cf. Figs 23–24 for alternative optimizations).

FIGURE 23 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 23. Detail of the phylogenetic and specific hypotheses from Fig. 22, showing optimizations of dorsal pinnular appendages. The formal definitions of these hypotheses are also presented, indicating that specific hypotheses S. collinae and S. harrisae cannot be defined (cf. Figs 21, 24 for alternative optimizations).

FIGURE 20 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 20. Strict consensus tree presented in Fig. 19, but 'inapplicable' character optimizations for distribution of simple eyes (subject 9; cf. Tables 6–7) correctly treated as inapplicable. Note that Sabellomma is monophyletic on the basis of simple eyes distributed along the entire lengths of radioles [9(1)]. Relationships among Sabellomma are determined by one of the optimizations of dorsal pinnular appendages (subject 13); compare with alternate optimization in Fig. 22.

FIGURE 19 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 19. Strict consensus tree of six minimum-length cladograms (phylogenetic analysis 2 - see text for discussion), showing relationships among apomorphic genera within Sabellinae. Note that the genus Sabellomma is paraphyletic. Character optimizations across all cladograms are indicated for the following subjects (cf. Tables 6–7): 9. distribution of simple eyes along radiole margins; 13. dorsal pinnular appendages; 21. interramal eyespots. Note the ambiguous optimizations for distribution of simple eyes, as a consequence of the use of 'inapplicable' codings.