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483 results for “Qinghai”
Data from: Plant biodiversity responds more strongly to climate warming and anthropogenic activities than microbial biodiversity in the Qinghai-Tibetan alpine grasslands
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Plant biomass in three subalpine grasslands on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
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Exome sequencing of a hybrid pine species complex on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
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Data from: Morphological constraints on plant-mediated methane release and oxidation under experimental warming in a peatland and meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
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Data from: ‘In and out of’ the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Himalayas: centers of origin and diversification compared across five clades of Eurasian montane and alpine passerine birds
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Nitrous oxide dataset for East Qinghai-Tibet Plateau waterways
This dataset is a collation of 3-year direct measurement values of N2O concentrations and fluxes for East Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (EQTP) streams and rivers, along with information on location, hydrological, physical, and chemical conditions of the study sites. Given the rarity and high value of this EQTP data set, it will be very valuable for the next update to global riverine N2O flux estimates.
FIGURES 5–8 in A new Euchalcia Hübner, [1821] from Qinghai, China (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
FIGURES 5–8. Euchalcia spp.: male (5, 6) and female (7, 8) genitalia. 5, E. eos, holotype, China, Qinghai, slide AV4903m# Volynkin; 6, E. gerda, China, Qinghai, slide GYP1229 Gyulai (photo by P. Gyulai); 7, E. eos, paratype, China, Qinghai, slide AV4904f# Volynkin; 8, E. gerda, China, Qinghai, slide RL9473 Ronkay (photo by L. Ronkay).
FIGURES 1–4 in A new Euchalcia Hübner, [1821] from Qinghai, China (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
FIGURES 1–4. Euchalcia spp.: adults. 1, E. eos, holotype m#, China, Qinghai (WIGJ); 2, E. eos, paratype f#, China, Qinghai (AFM); 3, E. gerda, m#, China, Qinghai (PGM, photo by P. Gyulai); 4, E. gerda, f#, China, Qinghai (PGM, photo by P. Gyulai).
Data used in "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau"
<p>This is the data used in the manuscript "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau" (JGR earth surface 2020JF005564 ).</p>
Biomass allocation and productivity–richness relationship across four grassland types at the Qinghai Plateau
<p>Aboveground biomass (AGB) and belowground biomass (BGB) allocation and productivity–richness relationship are controversial. Here, we assessed AGB and BGB allocation and the productivity–richness relationship at community level across four grassland types based on the biomass data collected from 80 sites across the Qinghai Plateau during 2011–2012. The reduced major axis regression and general linear models were used and showed that (1) the median values of AGB were significantly higher in alpine meadow than in other three grassland types; the ratio of root to shoot (R/S) was significantly higher in desert grassland (36.06) than intemperate grassland (16.60), alpine meadow (13.35) and meadow steppe (19.46). The temperate grassland had deeper root distribution than the other three grasslands, with about 91.45% roots distributed in the top 30 cm soil layer. (2) The slopes between log AGB and log BGB in the temperate grassland and meadow steppe were 1.09 and 1, respectively, whereas that in the desert grassland was 1.12, which was significantly different from the isometric allocation relationship. A competitive relationship between AGB and BGB was observed in the alpine meadow with a slope of −1.83, indicating a trade-off between AGB and BGB in the alpine meadow. (3) A positive productivity–richness relationship existed across the four grassland types, suggesting that the positive productivity–richness relationship might not be affected by the environmental factors at the plant location. Our results provide a new insight for biomass allocation and biodiversity–ecosystem functioning research.</p>
Data from: Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid-elevations in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, south-western China
Aim: We tested the elevational herbivory defence hypothesis, which predicts that plants from low elevations are better defended than plants from higher elevations. Location: The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in south-western China - the world's highest plateau. Major taxa studied: Angiosperms. Methods: We collated binary spinescence data for 10,622 angiosperm species ranging from 600 to 6,000 m a.s.l. Logistic regression was used to quantify the elevational pattern in spinescence. Because spinescence is thought to be especially effective against mammalian herbivores, we also quantified the association between spinescence and mammalian herbivore richness. Results: We found a unimodal relationship between elevation and spinescence, with the highest proportion of spinescent species occurring at mid-elevations. This unimodal relationship was present in perennial herbs, shrubs and trees, but not in annual herbs. Herbivorous mammal richness also showed a unimodal elevational pattern. A positive association between herbivorous mammal richness and the incidence of spinescent species suggests that elevational variation in herbivore pressure from mammals might drive elevational variation in spinescence. Main conclusions: Our findings further call into question the elevational herbivory defence hypothesis and shed new light on the potential causes of elevational gradients in plant diversity.
Phenological changes offset the warming effects on biomass production in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
<p>1. Phenology is an important indicator of plant response to environmental changes and is closely correlated with biomass production. However, how changes of phenological events affect plant biomass production when exposed to changing temperature and precipitation remains unclear.</p> <p>2. We conducted a four-year manipulative experiment of warming and precipitation addition to explore phenology-biomass interactions under climate change in a dry alpine meadow on the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 2015 to 2018.</p> <p>3. In dry and warm years, warming delayed phenology and precipitation addition advanced them. Warming decreased biomass of Kobresia pygmaea in 2018 and biomass of Poa pratensis in 2015, 2017 and 2018. However, precipitation addition significantly increased the biomass of Poa pratensis and Potentilla multifida in most of the experimental years. Phenological changes regulated the responses of biomass to treatments. Specifically, delay of green up of P. pratensis and delay of withering of K. pygmaea induced by warming can increase biomass production, but it can be offset by the direct negative effects of warming on biomass.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Here we show how warming induced drought tend to decrease biomass production of graminoids and the negative effects of warming on biomass of P. pratensis and K. pygmaea were partially offset by green up postponement and withering postponement, respectively. Our results highlights phenology is a crucial regulator for biomass production under climate change. Hence, both direct and indirect effects of warming and precipitation addition on phenology and biomass cannot be ignored when predicting biomass responses to climate change.</p>
Data from: Genetic adaptation of Tibetan poplar (Populus szechuanica var. tibetica) to high altitudes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
<p>Plant adaptation to high altitudes has long been a substantial focus of ecological and evolutionary research. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying such adaptation remain poorly understood. Here, we address this issue by sampling, genotyping, and comparing populations of Tibetan poplar, Populus szechuanica var. tibetica, distributed from low (~2000 m) to high altitudes (~3000 m) of Sejila Mountain on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Population structure analyses allow clear classification of two groups according to their altitudinal distributions. However, in contrast to the genetic variation within each population, differences between the two populations only explain a small portion of the total genetic variation (3.64%). We identified asymmetrical gene flow from high- to low-altitude populations. Integrating population genomic and landscape genomic analyses, we detected two hotspot regions, one containing four genes associated with altitudinal variation, and the other containing ten genes associated with response to solar radiation. These genes participate in abiotic stress resistance and regulation of reproductive processes. Our results provide insight into the genetic mechanisms underlying high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan poplar.</p>
Data from: Comparative phylogeography of the plateau zokor (Eospalax baileyi) and its host-associated flea (Neopsylla paranoma) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Background: Specific host-parasite systems often embody a particular co-distribution phenomenon, in which the parasite's phylogeographic pattern is dependent on its host. In practice, however, both congruent and incongruent phylogeographic patterns between the host and the parasite have been reported. Here, we compared the population genetics of the plateau zokor (Eospalax baileyi), a subterranean rodent, and its host-associated flea species, Neopsylla paranoma, with an aim to determine whether the two animals share a similar phylogeographic pattern. Results: We sampled 130 host-parasite pairs from 17 localities in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), China, and sequenced a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) segment (~2,500 bp), including the complete COI and COII genes. We also detected 55 zokor and 75 flea haplotypes. AMOVA showed that the percentage of variation among the populations of zokors constituted 97.10%, while the within population variation was only 2.90%; for fleas, the values were 85.68% and 14.32%, respectively. Moreover, the flea Fst (fixation index) values were significantly smaller than in zokor. Although the Fst values between zokors and fleas were significantly and positively correlated (N =105, R =0.439, p =0.000), only a small amount (R2= 0.19) of the flea Fst variations could be explained by the zokor Fst variations. The two animals showed very distinct haplotype network structures from each other while co-phylogenetic analyses were unable to reject the hypothesis of an independence of speciation events. Conclusions: Zokors and fleas have very distinct population genetic patterns from each other, likely due to the influence of other sympatrically-distributed vertebrates on the transmission of fleas.
Data from: Pliocene intraspecific divergence and Plio-Pleistocene range expansions within Picea likiangensis (Lijiang spruce), a dominant forest tree of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
A knowledge of intraspecific divergence and range dynamics of dominant forest trees in response to past geological and climate change is of major importance to an understanding of their recent evolution and demography. Such knowledge is informative of how forests were affected by environmental factors in the past and may provide pointers to their response to future environmental change. However, genetic signatures of such historical events are often weak at individual loci due to large effective population sizes and long generation times of forest trees. This problem can be overcome by analysing genetic variation across multiple loci. We used this approach to examine intraspecific divergence and past range dynamics in the conifer Picea likiangensis, a dominant tree of forests occurring in eastern and southern areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). We sequenced 13 nuclear loci, two mitochondrial DNA regions and three plastid (chloroplast) DNA regions in 177 individuals sampled from 22 natural populations of this species, and tested the hypothesis that its evolutionary history was markedly affected by Pliocene QTP uplifts and Quaternary climatic oscillations. Consistent with the taxonomic delimitation of the three morphologically divergent varieties examined, all individuals clustered into three genetic groups with inter-variety admixture detected in regions of geographical overlap. Divergence between varieties was estimated to have occurred within the Pliocene and ecological niche modeling based on 20 ecological variables suggested that niche differentiation was high. Furthermore, modeling of population genetic data indicated that two of the varieties (var. rubescens and var. linzhiensis) expanded their population sizes after the largest Quaternary glaciation in the QTP, while expansion of the third variety (var. likiangensis) began prior to this, probably following the Pliocene QTP uplift. These findings point to the importance of geological and climatic changes during the Pliocene and Pleistocene as causes of intraspecific diversification and range shifts of dominant tree species in the QTP biodiversity hotspot region.
Data from: Influence of environmental factors on the genetic variation of the aquatic macrophyte Ranunculus subrigidus on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
<p><b>Background: </b>Due to the environmental heterogeneity along elevation gradients, alpine ecosystems are ideal study objects for investigating how ecological variables shape the genetic patterns of natural species. The highest region in the world, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is a hotspot for the studies of evolutionary processes in plants. Many large rivers spring from the plateau, providing abundant habitats for aquatic and amphibious organisms. In the present study, we examined the genetic diversity of 13 <i>Ranunculus subrigidus</i> populations distributed throughout the plateau in order to elucidate the relative contribution of geographic distance and environmental dissimilarity to the spatial genetic pattern. </p> <p><b>Results: </b>A relatively low level of genetic diversity within populations was found. No spatial genetic structure was suggested by the analyses of molecular variance, Bayesian clustering analysis and Mantel tests. Partial Mantel tests and multiple matrix regression analysis showed a significant influence of the environment on the genetic divergence of the species. Both climatic and water quality variables contribute to the habitat heterogeneity of <i>R. subrigidus </i>populations. </p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>Our results suggest that historical processes involving long-distance dispersal and local adaptation may account for the genetic patterns of <i>R. subrigidus</i> and current environmental factors play an important role in the genetic differentiation and local adaptation of aquatic plants in alpine landscapes.</p>
TLS measurements in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor
<p>Deformation monitoring was performance using a TLS with network RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) service provided by national geodetic control network (NGCN) for the China geodetic coordinate system 2000 (CGCS 2000) of permanent reference stations for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System).</p> <p>As a supplement to the TLS point cloud data, we prepared the Sentinel-1 deformation data for the freeze-thaw stage in the study area from 2014 to 2020 using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology.</p> <p> </p>
FIGURE 2 in New species of Phrynocephalus (Squamata, Agamidae) from Qinghai, Northwest China
FIGURE 2. Frequency distributions of adult SVL of two species of toad-headed lizards, P. guinanensis sp. nov. (from Senduo, Guinan County) and P. vlangalii (from Daotanghe, Gonghe County).
FIGURE 1 in New species of Phrynocephalus (Squamata, Agamidae) from Qinghai, Northwest China
FIGURE 1. The adult male holotype (NNU P 2004.006; A: dorsal view, C: ventral view) and an adult female paratype (NNU P 2004.033; B: dorsal view, D: ventral view) of Phrynocephalus guinanensis sp. nov. from Senduo, Guinan County, Qinghai Province, China. Photo by Guo-Hua Ding.
FIGURE 14 in Hydroporus sejilashan sp. n., a new diving beetle of the acutangulus - complex from Xizang, China (Qinghai-Tibet Plateau), and notes on other taxa of the genus (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)
FIGURE 14. Distribution of (enlarged map): Hydroporus tuvaensis (triangle), Hydroporus tibetanus (stars), and Hydroporus sejilashan sp. n. (encircled star). Red squares indicate capitals of countries/provinces or other important and well-known cities.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.