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254 results for “SBC LTER”
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Kelp removal: Fish abundance
These data describe the abundance and size of reef-associated fish within permanent plots of a long-term experiment designed to examine trajectories of change in the structure and productivity of kelp forest communities in response to changes in the frequency and severity of disturbance to giant kelp. The number, size and species identity of reef fish were recorded within a 2 m wide swath centered along a 40 m long transect extending up to 2 m off the bottom. Fish size was measured as total length estimated to the nearest cm. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and included an annual kelp removal treatment designed to simulate increases in the frequency and severity of winter wave disturbance and a continual kelp removal treatment that allowed the effects of giant kelp on the community to be evaluated. The last experimental removals of giant kelp occurred in winter 2016 or winter 2017, depending on the site. Data collection continued in all plots until spring 2023 to document the recovery trajectory of the reef fish community following the cessation of experimental kelp removal.
SBC LTER: Reference: Sea-surface water temperature, Santa Barbara Harbor, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, 1955 to present, ongoing
The SBC-LTER has access to data on seawater temperature collected at Santa Barbara Harbor, Santa Barbara, CA, USA through the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Manual Shore Stations program. The SIO Manual Shore Stations program provides data and information about this shore station. For further information, please visit the SIO Manual Shore Stations website at https://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb07606686. Please note: manual shore station data is updated periodically, not continuously. Funding for the Shore Stations Program provided by the California Department of Parks and Recreation, Natural Resources Division, Award# C22820005. Contact shorestation@ucsd.edu if you have questions
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Kelp removal: Invertebrate and algal density
These data describe the abundance of common reef associated species of macro invertebrates and macroalgae within permanent plots of a long-term experiment designed to examine trajectories of change in the structure and productivity of kelp forest communities in response to changes in the frequency and severity of disturbance to giant kelp. The number of individuals of approximately 50 taxa were recorded by divers along 40 m transects within each plot. Small species of macroalgae and macinvertebrates were counted within six permanent 1 m2 quadrats positioned uniformly along the 40 m transect, while larger species were counted within four contiguous 20 m2 sub-sections of each 40 m x 2 m transect. Also included at the quadrat scale are estimates of an average size-related measurement of each species, which was developed specifically for each species for the purpose of estimating its biomass. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and included an annual kelp removal treatment designed to simulate increases in the frequency and severity of winter wave disturbance and a continual kelp removal treatment that allowed the effects of giant kelp on the community to be evaluated. The last experimental removals of giant kelp occurred in winter 2016 or winter 2017, depending on the site. Data collection continued in all plots until spring 2023 to document the recovery trajectory of the reef fish community following the cessation of experimental kelp removal.
SBC LTER: Daily averages of modeled significant wave height (Hs) and peak wave period (Tp) in the Santa Barbara Coastal area from the Coastal Data Information Program - Monitoring and Prediction System (CDIP MOP)
From http://cdip.ucsb.edu: The Coastal Data Information Program (CDIP) is a research group at Scripps Institution of Oceanography that monitors coastal waves and nearshore sand levels on regional scales. CDIP maintains a network of optimally-placed, directional wave buoys from San Diego to Eureka. The buoy measurements are used to initialize a high spatial resolution (100m x 100m) linear spectral wave propagation model. The resulting hourly hindcasts and nowcasts of CA coastal wave conditions have a level of accuracy that is not possible with more traditional wind-wave generation models that are initialized with modeled wind fields.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time-series of beach wrack cover and biomass, ongoing since 2008
These data describe the composition, cover, depth, and wet biomass of macrophyte wrack accumulated in the intertidal zone measured on five selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Data collection began in 2008 and this dataset is updated annually. Two data tables in this data package: 1. Wrack_Cover_All_Years. This is long-term time-series dataset starting in 2008 with fixed wrack species codes. 2. The Wrack_Cover_NON_FILLED_Partialkep dataset is added in 2019, to distinguish whether the fresh or old blade, stipe and holdfast was a fragment or attached to a whole plant.
SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Transect geospatial metadata
The data table provides summaries of depth information (mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) for all of the transects surveyed as part of the SBC LTER Kelp Forest Monitoring program. All data are expressed in meters, reference to mean lower low water (MLLW). Each value is the result of 160 observations, four at each meter (n=160). The sampling locations in this dataset are 40 meter transects at nine reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. The PDF document provides descriptive information of the transect such as headings and relative locations of the points along the transect. Data were recorded in 2010 and 2011, except that IVEE transect 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were recorded in 2024.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time series of abundance of birds and stranded kelp on selected beaches, ongoing since 2008
Dataset contains the distribution, abundance and seasonal occurrence of birds, humans, dogs, and of freshly stranded giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) plants and holdfasts present during monthly low-tide (<= 2.5 ft) weekday surveys of standard 1 km long transects on selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. The abundance of humans, dogs, marine mammals and dead or oiled wildlife is also recorded during each survey. Sampling began in 2008 and is ongoing. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Settlement of urchins and other invertebrates, ongoing since 1990
The dataset comprises weekly to biweekly data on invertebrate settlement on artificial substrates at six sites in Southern California, and one site in Northern California. The study began in early 1990 and is ongoing. The study’s main focus is on urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Mesocentrotus franciscanus), but was expanded to include selected bivalves, gastropods and crabs during the period 1994-1997. The purpose of the study is to compare and contrast patterns of settlement supply across a large geographical gradient to explore the possible influence of oceanographic features on these patterns. Both of these goals are facilitated by the long duration of the dataset, its large geographical range and the high temporal frequency of collection. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: Mid-water SeaFET and CO2 system chemistry at Alegria (ALE), 2011-2014
Calibrated pH (Total scale, SeaFET sensor) data was collected from Alegria in the Santa Barbara Channel (site ID: ALE) along with in situ temperature and associated carbonate chemistry parameters. The SeaFET instrument is located about 4 meters from the surface, with other moored instruments. Associated carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated with the CO2calc programs from USGS, and include: partial pressure and fugosity of CO2, concentrations of bicarbonate, carbonate and hyrdroxide ion, Omega (saturation state) of calcite and aragonite. Data have been interpolated to a 20 minute time interval for compatibility with other SBC LTER moored instrument data. Data coverage is 2011-06-21 to 2014-01-07.The update of this dataset was terminated in 2019. All data from this site have been concatenated with the pH data from the other sites and merged into one data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sbc&identifier=6005
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: nearshore dissolved oxygen and temperature outside of reefs, ongoing since 2011
Dissolved oxygen (miniDOT sensors) data was collected from 6 reefs in the Santa Barbara Channel along with in situ temperature. Most dissolved oxygen sensors are deployed together with SBC long-term mooring instruments. Data collection intervals and miniDOT sensor depths vary based on the site location.
SBC LTER: Reef: Sightings of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) near Santa Barbara and Channel Islands, ongoing since 2007
These data describe the number, location and activity or behavior of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) individuals observed along the Santa Barbara Coast and local Channel Islands, during SBC LTER field sampling. Observations began in 2007. Records are collected regularly at SBC core sites and opportunistically while research staff are underway or travelling between sites. Locations are included, but some latitudes and longitudes are approximate.
SBC LTER: pH time series: Water-sample pH and CO2 system chemistry, ongoing since 2011
Data are a time-series of pH and carbonate chemistry in manually-collected sea water samples from sixteen near-shore locations and 20 locations along the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA, and intended to benchmark data from moored pH instruments. Data collection began in June 2011 and is ongoing. Time-series for pH sensors deployed in the field (e.g., SeaFET) are available elsewhere. Discrete seawater samples were collected by hand or using a Niskin bottle. In the laboratory, samples were analyzed for pH (total scale) and total alkalinity. Two parameters were used to calculate the full suite of carbonate chemistry parameters using the CO2calc algorithms. Program outputs are included for laboratory conditions as input, and adjusted for situ temperature. See Methods for more information, e.g., Lunden, et al. Data were collected by a consortium of research groups with the intent to leverage their collective assets and expertise. These groups (and sponsors) include Santa Barbara Coastal LTER (NSF), OMEGAS Project (NSF), Passow Lab (Calif. State Water Board), Hofmann Lab (NSF, CINMS, US NPS).
SBC LTER: Reef: Abundance, size and fishing effort for California Spiny Lobster (Panulirus interruptus), ongoing since 2012
Data on abundance, size and fishing pressure of California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) are collected along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Spiny lobsters are an important predator in giant kelp forests off southern California. Two SBC LTER study reefs are located in or near the California Fish and Game Network of Marine Protected Areas (MPA), Naples and Isla Vista, both established as MPAs on 2012-01-01. MPAs provide a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of fishing on kelp forest community dynamics. Sampling began in 2012 and is ongoing. This dataset contains two tables. 1) Abundance and size data collected annually by divers in late summer before the start of the fishing season at five SBC LTER long term kelp forest study sites: two within MPAs (Naples and Isla Vista) and three outside (Arroyo Quemado, Mohawk and Carpinteria). 2) Fishing pressure, as determined by counting the number of commercial trap floats. Data are collected every two to four weeks during the lobster fishing season (October to March) at nine sites along the mainland, eight of which are also SBC LTER long-term kelp forest study reefs. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time-series of beach wrack consumers, ongoing since 2011
These data contain the composition, count, and wet biomass of macroinvertebrates along intertidal transects at five selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Data collection began in 2012 and is ongoing. This dataset is updated annually. Macroinvertebrates were collected from uniformly spaced cores along the shore-normal transects also used for physical measurements and macrophyte wrack sampling. Cores were pooled and animals and organic material sieved. In the laboratory, all macroinvertebrate species were identified, enumerated, blotted dry and weighed.
SBC LTER: Reef: Annual time series of biomass for kelp forest species, ongoing since 2000 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/281/3, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-sbc/50/10. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: These data are annual estimates of biomass of approximately 225 taxa of reef algae, invertebrates and fish in permanent transects at 11 kelp forest sites in the Santa Barbara Channel (2-8 transects per site). Abundance is measured annually (as percent cover or density, by size) and converted to biomass (i.e., wet mass, dry mass, decalcified dry mass, ash free dry mass) using published taxon-specific algorithms. Data collection began in summer 2000 and continues annually in summer to provide information on community structure, population dynamics and species change. The time period of data collection varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. See Methods for more information. See Methods for more information. The primary research objective of the Santa Barbara Coastal LTER is to investigate the importance of land and ocean processes in structuring giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera ) forest ecosystems. As in many temperate regions, the shallow rocky reefs in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, are dominated by giant kelp forests. Because of their close proximity to shore, kelp forests are influenced by physical and biological processes occurring on land as well as in the open ocean. SBC LTER research
SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Fish abundance (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/189/2, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-sbc/17/35. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: These data describe the abundance and size of fish species as part of SBCLTER's kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. This study began in 2000 in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. The abundance and size of all taxa of resident kelp forest fish encountered along permanent transects are recorded at nine reef sites located along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. In these surveys, fish were counted in either a 40x2m benthic quadrat, or in the water parcel 0-2m off the bottom over the same area. The two tables in this data package include: 1) The annual benthic fish community survey which was conducted on 11 reefs once a year around late July or early August; and 2) The monthly fish survey which was conducted once a month at a subset of the sites (3 of the annual sites) The time period of data collection for the annual benthic fish community survey varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. The monthly fish survey at ABUR (Transect 1, 2, and 3), AQUE
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: biomass of kelp forest species, ongoing since 2008 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/278/3, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-sbc/119/7. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: These data represent values of biomass density for more than 200 species of macroalgae, invertebrates and fish measured in fixed plots at five reefs as part of a long-term experiment designed to evaluate the effects of disturbance to giant kelp on the structure and productivity of the benthic community. Taxon-specific relationships between size and mass were applied to field measurements of species abundance to estimate biomass density of each species. The five reefs (Arroyo Quemado 34°28.048’N, 120°07.031’W; Carpinteria 34°23.474’N, 119°32.510’W; Isla Vista 34°23.275’N, 119°32.792’W; Mohawk 34°23.649’N, 119°43.762’W; and Naples 34° 25.342’N, 119° 57.102’W) ranged in depth from 5.8 m to 8.9 m (MLLW) and were chosen to represent a range of physical and biological characteristics known to influence subtidal macroalgal assemblages in the region. A common (but not always persistent) feature on these reefs was the presence of the giant kelp, which forms a dense canopy at the sea surface that suppresses recruitment and growth of understory algae below it. See Methods for more information. The primary research objective of the Santa Barbara Coastal LTER is to investigate the importance of land and ocean processes in structuring giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera ) forest ecosystems. As in many temperate regions, the shallow rocky reefs in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, are dominated by giant kelp forests. Because of their close proximity to shore, kelp forests are i
SBC LTER: REEF: Macrocystis pyrifera blade area and loss in Southern California
These data describe losses of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) blade tissue observed in the Santa Barbara Channel (Isla Vista Reef) during the summer of 2012. Data are contained in two tables: 1) a time series of measured change in blade area over time at different depths and locations in the kelp forest, 2) modeled estimates of partial blade losses specific to blades on subsurface fronds and blades in the water column and canopy sections of surface reaching fronds.
SBC LTER: OCEAN: Particulate Organic Matter Content and Composition of Stream, Estuarine, and Marine Sediments
An unprecedented five-year drought in California, coupled with conditions of anomalously low ocean productivity and the prospect of one of the strongest El Niño periods on record with above average rainfall were the impetus for this RAPID award, which seeks to test specific hypotheses pertaining to the origin, distribution, processing, and bioavailability of terrestrial organic matter in coastal marine sediments and their potential for serving as a reservoir of nitrogen storage to fuel nearshore primary production during periods when nitrate concentrations are low. The goals of the research were to: (1) measure bulk properties and biomarker tracers of particulate organic matter (POM) in stream water and in coastal marine sediments at SBC LTER and other reef sites differing in exposure to terrestrial runoff prior to and following large storm events, (2) determine the bioavailability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from POM in marine sediments following large runoff events, and (3) measure changes in concentrations of dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen in pore water of marine sediments near to and distant from stream mouths in the Santa Barbara Channel. Samples were analyzed for organic matter content using a loss-on-ignition combustion method, and samples were also analyzed for organic carbon and nitrogen content and isotopes using a stable isotope mass spectrometer interfaced with an elemental analyzer. Subsamples were shipped to the laboratory of Marc Lucotte at the University of Québec, Montréal for analysis of lignin content using the cupric oxidation method.
SBC LTER: Land Ocean Reef: Foodweb Stable Isotopes: Isotope data
Potentially important food sources to primary consumers on shallow subtidal reefs include phytoplankton-dominated seston, kelp-derived detritus, and for locations adjacent to sources of freshwater runoff, terrestrially-derived POM. The SBCLTER is using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio analysis of monthly water, kelp tissue and samples consumers of varying trophic status to evaluate the relative contribution of these sources to reef food webs. SBCLTER research has focused on beginning to characterize variability in the isotope values of potential food sources (phytoplankton, kelp, and terrestrial POM). To investigate sources of variability in values of marine POM, including contributions from phytoplankton, we are collecting monthly water samples and filtering them for POM from on and offshore of the reef, at locations less likely to be influenced by inputs from kelp or terrestrial runoff and more likely to reflect a primarily phytoplankton source at the three core SBCLTER research sites (Arroyo Quemado, Naples, Carpinteria). To identify the range of variability of isotopic ratio in kelp tissue, we concurrently collect kelp tissue samples from the three core research sites. To identify food sources used by reef consumers under different conditions of runoff, ocean climate and kelp production we have begun sampling a variety of reef consumers chosen to represent different trophic levels. Tissue samples were collected in April 2002 from the same species of consumers at four reef sites (Carpinteria, Naples, Mohawk, Arroyo Quemada), which vary in their proximity to sources of runoff and in their standing stock of giant kelp. We have also collected sediment samples at fixed distances from the source of runoff at four research sites (Naples, Goleta Bay, Mohawk, Carpinteria). This information will be used to evaluate whether these isotopic values differ enough from one another to permit the use of mixing models to estimate the contribution of each source to the reef
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