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Fig. 1 in Phylogeography of Long-spined Sea Urchin Across the Indo-Malay Archipelago.
Fig. 1. Diadema setosum sampling locations. Colours refer to the results of MDS analysis (see RESULTS). Bold dotted lines indicate inferred geographic barriers. SoM Strait of Malacca; Mak. Str. Makassar Strait; other abbreviations as in table 1. Table 1. Diadema setosum sampling details and GenBank accession numbers by sample. N sample size
PLATE XIV Ornithomius altus, Lambe. Fig. l. Posterior dorsal vertebra, viewed from the left, natural size. Page 50 Fig. 2. Caudal vertebral., superior view, natural size. Page 52. Fig. The same, inferior view. Fig. 4. The same, left lateral view. Fig. The saule, posterior view. Fig. G. Distal end of iuetzttarszil III. of left pes, viewed from the front; natural size. Page 50. Fig. 7. The same, posterior view. Fig. ö. Terminal phalanx of pes, side view, natural size. Page 50. Fig. Ü. The same, posterior view. Fig. lo. 'Terminal phalanx of manus, side view; natural size. Page Õf. Fig. ll. The same, posterior view. Fig. 12. - Interior tooth, provisionally associated with O. altus, side view, natural size. Page 53. Fig. 13. Posterior view of the saure, showing the minute deııticulııtioııs on one of the two posterior gariugu, neural spine s, pim-zygapopliysis É, postzygapophysis, n, neural arch, J, diapophysis, _/, facet for chevron hone L', neural canal, c, posterior articular' face of ccntruin. in New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous)
PLATE XIV Ornithomius altus, Lambe. Fig. l. Posterior dorsal vertebra, viewed from the left, natural size. Page 50 Fig. 2. Caudal vertebral., superior view, natural size. Page 52. Fig. The same, inferior view. Fig. 4. The same, left lateral view. Fig. The saule, posterior view. Fig. G. Distal end of iuetzttarszil III. of left pes, viewed from the front; natural size. Page 50. Fig. 7. The same, posterior view. Fig. ö. Terminal phalanx of pes, side view, natural size. Page 50. Fig. Ü. The same, posterior view. Fig. lo. 'Terminal phalanx of manus, side view; natural size. Page Õf. Fig. ll. The same, posterior view. Fig. 12. - Interior tooth, provisionally associated with O. altus, side view, natural size. Page 53. Fig. 13. Posterior view of the saure, showing the minute deııticulııtioııs on one of the two posterior gariugu, neural spine s, pim-zygapopliysis É, postzygapophysis, n, neural arch, J, diapophysis, _/, facet for chevron hone L', neural canal, c, posterior articular' face of ccntruin.
Fig. 4 in Structure of Organic Spines in the Rhizarian Protist Belonocystis tubistella Rainer, 1968, and a Description of Belonocystis quadrangularis n. sp. (Cercozoa, Insertae Sedis)
Fig. 4. Measurements of cell diameter (excluding spine-scale investitures) in 50 specimens of Belonocystis tubistella and B. quadrangularis.
Text-fig. 2. A – Elasmobranchii gen. et spec. indet. specimen NM Pc 02876b; B – Scopeloides glarisianus dentary NM Pc 02888 (the white arrows mark the tips of the "fang-like" teeth); C – S. glarisianus disarticulated skeleton NM Pc 02887a; D – Sardinella sardinites scale NM Pc 02886; E – Clupeidae gen. et spec. indet. articulated skeleton without head NM Pc 02889; F – Anenchelum glarisianum body fragment NM Pc 02880a; G – Percoidei gen. et sp. indet. preoperculum (G-1) and its interpretation (G-2) NM Pc 02891. The arrow shows the enlarged spine in the angle between rami verticalis and horizontalis. Abbreviations: cl – cleithrum; op – operculum; pcl – postcleithrum. in An Annotated List Of The Oligocene Fish Fauna From The Osíčko Locality (Menilitic Fm.; Moravia, The Czech Republic)
Text-fig. 2. A – Elasmobranchii gen. et spec. indet. specimen NM Pc 02876b; B – Scopeloides glarisianus dentary NM Pc 02888 (the white arrows mark the tips of the "fang-like" teeth); C – S. glarisianus disarticulated skeleton NM Pc 02887a; D – Sardinella sardinites scale NM Pc 02886; E – Clupeidae gen. et spec. indet. articulated skeleton without head NM Pc 02889; F – Anenchelum glarisianum body fragment NM Pc 02880a; G – Percoidei gen. et sp. indet. preoperculum (G-1) and its interpretation (G-2) NM Pc 02891. The arrow shows the enlarged spine in the angle between rami verticalis and horizontalis. Abbreviations: cl – cleithrum; op – operculum; pcl – postcleithrum.
Text-fig. 3. "Glossanodon" musceli A – nearly complete specimen NM Pc 02875a; B – caudal skeleton of specimens NM Pc 02871b and NM Pc 02871a (B-1 and B-2 respectively; part and counterpart) and its tentative reconstruction (B-3); C – specimen NM Pc 02873a, general view (C-1) and detail of the head (C-2); D – specimen NM Pc 02874a (the white arrow shows normally developed neural spine on the anterior abdominal vertebra). Abbreviations: ao – antorbitale; d – dentale; epu – epurale; fr – frontale; hp1-6 – hypurals 1-6; io – infraorbitals; mx – maxillare; npu2 – neural spine of second preural vertebra; ph – parhypurale; pu1 – first preural vertebra; pop – preoperculum; psp – parasphenoideum; stu – stegurale; u1 – urale 1; u2 – urale 2. in An Annotated List Of The Oligocene Fish Fauna From The Osíčko Locality (Menilitic Fm.; Moravia, The Czech Republic)
Text-fig. 3. "Glossanodon" musceli A – nearly complete specimen NM Pc 02875a; B – caudal skeleton of specimens NM Pc 02871b and NM Pc 02871a (B-1 and B-2 respectively; part and counterpart) and its tentative reconstruction (B-3); C – specimen NM Pc 02873a, general view (C-1) and detail of the head (C-2); D – specimen NM Pc 02874a (the white arrow shows normally developed neural spine on the anterior abdominal vertebra). Abbreviations: ao – antorbitale; d – dentale; epu – epurale; fr – frontale; hp1-6 – hypurals 1-6; io – infraorbitals; mx – maxillare; npu2 – neural spine of second preural vertebra; ph – parhypurale; pu1 – first preural vertebra; pop – preoperculum; psp – parasphenoideum; stu – stegurale; u1 – urale 1; u2 – urale 2.
Text-fig. 10. Eospondylus primigenius (STÜRTZ) Bundenbach, Eschenbach-Bocksberg quarry, Lower Devonian, Lower Emsian (Zlichovian), Hunsrück Slate, NM S 4766, x 26. Lateral plates on undersurface of arm segment in Hunsrück Slate articulated specimen. Short thin groove spines on ventral edge of lateral arm plates protect undersurface of vertebra and partially cover ambulacral groove. in Isolated Ossicles Of The Family Eospondylidae Spencer Wright, 1966, In The Lower Devonian Of Bohemia (Czech Republic) And Correction Of The Systematic Position Of Eospondylid Brittlestars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Oegophiurida)
Text-fig. 10. Eospondylus primigenius (STÜRTZ) Bundenbach, Eschenbach-Bocksberg quarry, Lower Devonian, Lower Emsian (Zlichovian), Hunsrück Slate, NM S 4766, x 26. Lateral plates on undersurface of arm segment in Hunsrück Slate articulated specimen. Short thin groove spines on ventral edge of lateral arm plates protect undersurface of vertebra and partially cover ambulacral groove.
Text-fig. 7B. Eospondylus primigenius (STÜRTZ) Bundenbach, Eschenbach-Bocksberg quarry, Lower Devonian, Lower Emsian (Zlichovian), Hunsrück Slate, BMNH E3358, x 4. Hunsrück Slate articulated specimen. Underside of arm showing two contrasting appearances of lateral arm plates in a single arm. The arm is rolled slightly. Of the left lateral arm plates the lateral surface is extensively exposed. The spine ridge faces distally (posteriorly). Of the right lateral arm plates only the ventral edge that borders the ambulacral groove is exposed. in Isolated Ossicles Of The Family Eospondylidae Spencer Wright, 1966, In The Lower Devonian Of Bohemia (Czech Republic) And Correction Of The Systematic Position Of Eospondylid Brittlestars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Oegophiurida)
Text-fig. 7B. Eospondylus primigenius (STÜRTZ) Bundenbach, Eschenbach-Bocksberg quarry, Lower Devonian, Lower Emsian (Zlichovian), Hunsrück Slate, BMNH E3358, x 4. Hunsrück Slate articulated specimen. Underside of arm showing two contrasting appearances of lateral arm plates in a single arm. The arm is rolled slightly. Of the left lateral arm plates the lateral surface is extensively exposed. The spine ridge faces distally (posteriorly). Of the right lateral arm plates only the ventral edge that borders the ambulacral groove is exposed.
Fig. 4 in Applications and limitations of micro-XCT imaging in the studies of Permian radiolarians: A new genus with bi-polar main spines
Fig. 4. Dendrogram of the cluster analysis under the corresponding analysis based on nine genera (performed by software "R" and the EZR).
Fig. 3 in Applications and limitations of micro-XCT imaging in the studies of Permian radiolarians: A new genus with bi-polar main spines
Fig. 3. Schematic drawings on internal structure of Permian and Mesozoic spumellarians with bi-polar main spines (detailed information including source is summarized in Table 2). A, B. Protopsium. C. Pegoxystris. D. Falcispongus. E. Spongoxystris. F. Dalongicaepa Xiao and Suzuki gen. nov. G. Spongotortilispinus. H. Spongopallium. I, J. Archaeospongoprunum. K. Palaeospongurus. L. Paroertlispongus.
Fig. 2 in Applications and limitations of micro-XCT imaging in the studies of Permian radiolarians: A new genus with bi-polar main spines
Fig. 2. Micro-XCT cross-sectional images (A, B), SEM micrographs (C–E), and TLM micrographs (F) of the spumellarian Tetraspongodiscus stauracanthus Feng in Feng et al., 2006 from Changhsingian of the Rencunping section (A–D) and Dongpan (E), South China and upper Capitanian of West Texas, USA (F). A. LGFEC SR 33-201. B. LGFEC SR 33-202. C. LGFEC SR 36-011. D. LGFEC SR 33-022. E. DP 4/4860 (from Feng et al. 2006; copyright is permitted from Elsevier). F. S3-2A (from Noble and Jin 2010). Different cross sections show clear hoops with few primary beams and a possible median bar (A1 and B1), the centrical internal spicule (A2), and the embedded proximal part of the main spines (B2). Scale bars 50 μm.
Fig. 8 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 8. Detail of spines of productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian). A. UCMP 155658, external view of the posterior region of a ventral valve attached to a bryozoan colony. B. UCMP 155658, internal view of a ventral valve, with spines attached to the same bryozoan colony as in A. Arrows point to changing orientation towards the ring structures within a bryozoan colony. Scale bars 1 mm.
Fig. 5. Productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 5. Productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian), UCMP 155660. A. Disarticulated ventral valve of a specimen attached in situ to a bryozoan colony, showing spines modified up to 90° (arrowed) from the original direction of growth. B. Spines adap− ted and following grooves (arrowed) developed on the surface of a bryozoan colony. Scale bars 1 mm.
Fig. 3 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 3. Tubular hollow spines developed on the surface of a ventral valve of productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian); UCMP 155651. A. SEM photograph. B. Enlargement showing detail of the arrangement of spines. Scale bars 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 2. Ontogenetic stages of productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian); based on length and width measurements of studied specimens (N = 44). Gray arrows indicate the image of the characteristic morphology of specimens from ontogenetic stages 1 and 2, and the dark arrow reflects a change in size from stage 1 to stage 6 (see additional information in the text and on Fig. 4).
Fig. 1 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 1. Overall morphology of productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian). A. UCMP 155651, dorsal (A1) and ventral (A2) views of a silicified complete specimen. B. UCMP155656, interior view of a silicified dorsal valve. C. UCMP 155653, dorsal (C1) and ventral (C2) views of a silicified complete juvenile specimen. D. UCMP 155654, interior view of a silicified ventral valve. Scale bars 5 mm.
Fig. 6. Juvenile productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 6. Juvenile productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian). A. UCPM 155661, disarticulated valve of a specimen inside of a ventral valve of a mature specimen. B. UCMP 155662, specimen growing in situ inside of a dissociated ventral valve of a dead individual, with spines modifying the original course of growth (arrowed) to prevent breakage. Scale bars 1 mm.
Fig. 4 in Functional morphology and modifications on spine growth in the productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi
Fig. 4. Growth and arrangement of spines during the ontogeny productid brachiopod Heteralosia slocomi King, 1938; Moorman Ridge, White Pine County, Nevada, USA; middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian). A. UCMP 155655, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image image of the external morphology of the ventral valve of a specimen from the ontogenetic Stage 1. B. UCMP 155655, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image image of the external morphology of the ventral valve of a specimen from the ontogenetic Stage 2. C. UCMP 155651, macro−photographic image of the external morphology of the ventral valve of a specimen from the ontogenetic Stage 6. Photographs of growth stages in specimens (see Fig. 2) (A1–C1) and corresponding schematic diagrams (A2–C2) of progressive emplacement of spines (circles representing growth lamellae).
Lumbar Spine Vertebral Compression Fractures (VCFs) Dataset: MRI T1-Weighted Images for Benign and Malignant Classification
<p>This dataset was prepared for the study of classification of benign vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) secondary to osteoporosis and malignant VCFs secondary to neoplastic infiltration. The original study in which it was used aimed to assist in differentiating these conditions using three-dimensional radiomic techniques and artificial neural networks.</p> <p>This dataset was assembled from sagittal T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the lumbar spine obtained from consecutive patients diagnosed with benign or malignant VCFs at the University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School (HCFMRP) between the years 2010 and 2019. The images were acquired using the Philips Achieva 1.5 T and 3 T MRI systems and were stored in the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) format.</p> <p>The compilation of the dataset followed a rigorous selection and filtering process. From the initial set of cases of vertebral fractures in the lumbar region, patients who had received prior treatment (such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery), those with fractures of traumatic etiology, old fractures, patients under 18 years old, and cases of malignant fractures without biopsy confirmation were excluded. With these exclusions, the final set consists of 91 patients (36 men and 55 women, with a mean age of 64.24 ± 11.75 years), of which 47 have benign VCFs and 44 have malignant VCFs.</p> <p>For the segmentation of fractured vertebrae, the images were pre-processed by normalizing the intensity to 256 gray levels (0 to 255), and histogram equalization was applied to improve contrast. The vertebrae were semi-automatically segmented using the 3D Slicer software. Each segmentation was saved in the "nrrd" format, native to 3D Slicer. The entire segmentation process, as well as the definition and application of exclusion criteria, were supervised by a senior radiologist with 20 years of experience in musculoskeletal radiology.</p> <p>The structure of this dataset includes, in addition to the DICOM exams, a directory containing the requantized images to 256 gray levels in the "nrrd" format and another with the segmentation files in the "seg.nrrd" format. A spreadsheet with detailed information about each patient's class, sex, age, and which vertebral bodies were segmented is also available. All DICOM files in this dataset have been anonymized to ensure patient privacy.</p> <p>This dataset was structured to provide a robust basis for the training and validation of machine learning models focused on the classification of vertebral compression fractures. It was designed to aid in the massive three-dimensional extraction of radiomic features, enabling the search for radiomic signatures capable of assisting radiologists in the accurate characterization of these fractures.</p> <p>For more information on how the dataset was created and used, please refer to the original article: <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10278-023-00847-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Chiari-Correia NS, Nogueira-Barbosa MH, Chiari-Correia RD, Azevedo-Marques PM. A 3D Radiomics-Based Artificial Neural Network Model for Benign Versus Malignant Vertebral Compression Fracture Classification in MRI. J Digit Imaging. 2023;36(4):1565-1577. doi:10.1007/s10278-023-00847-4</em></a></p>
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and histology of acanthodian fin spines from the late Silurian Ramsåsa E locality, Skåne, Sweden
FIGURE 3. High-resolution (voxel size: 0.678 µm) synchrotron data of fin spine morphotype A. (1), virtual thin section (slice 1535) showing the general morphology and internal organization of the vascular canals and osteocyte lacunae. (2,3), segmented data illustrating the organization of vascular canals and cell spaces, and, (4,5), the reconstructed data deconstructed to show each component. (6), virtual thin sections of magnified portion of ribbing, showing the ribbing canals from slices 820, 831, and 840. Red box in (1) shows the position of the magnified portion of the fossil. Abbreviations: bvc1,2, bone vascular canals (layers 1 or 2); dvc, dentine vascular canals; o, osteocyte spaces; r, rib; rib.c, ribbing canals; s, sulcus. Scale bars equal 250 µm.
FIGURE 5 in Morphology and histology of acanthodian fin spines from the late Silurian Ramsåsa E locality, Skåne, Sweden
FIGURE 5. Low-resolution (voxel size: 5 µm) synchrotron data of fin spine morphotype D, including virtual thin sections of slice (1), 2596; (2), slice 2155; (3), slice 1524; (4), slice 886 and; (5), slice 222. (6), Segmented data that approximate to the scan slices 1-5, illustrating the vascularization and composition of the fin spine. (7), High-resolution (voxel size: 0.678 µm) synchrotron data 3D reconstruction illustrating the vascular organization of the fin spine. Scale bars equal 250 µm. Abbreviations: b, basal layer; cb; compact bone; cc, central canal; med.c, median canal; trab.d, trabecular dentine; vc, vascular canal.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.