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662 results for “Savanna”

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dryad40/100

Herbaceous vegetation responses to experimental fire in savannas and forests depend on biome and climate

Fire-vegetation feedbacks potentially maintain global savanna and forest distributions. Accordingly, vegetation in savanna and forest ecosystems should have differential responses to fire, but fire response data for herbaceous vegetation has yet to be synthesized across biomes. Here, we examined herbaceous vegetation responses to experimental fire at 30 sites spanning four continents. Across a variety of metrics, herbaceous vegetation increased in abundance where fire was applied, with larger responses to fire in wetter and in cooler and/or less seasonal systems. Compared to forests, savannas were associated with a 4.8 (±0.4) times larger difference in burned versus unburned herbaceous vegetation abundance. In particular, grass cover decreased with fire exclusion in savannas, largely via decreases in C4 grass cover, whereas changes in fire frequency had a relatively weak effect on grass cover in forests. These differential responses underscore the importance of fire for maintaining the vegetation structure of savannas and forests.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

dryad40/100

Data from: Landscape variation in defense traits along gradients of multiple resources in a tropical savanna plant

Many plant species are widely distributed and consequently are exposed to multiple abiotic factors and diverse herbivores, each of which may distinctly affect the magnitude of different defense traits. Alternative theories for optimal allocation to plant defense traits predict both positive and negative associations between magnitude of defense and resource availability. These predictions may apply even within species. This suggests potential for a single species' patterns of association of defense traits and resources to vary with both the type of defense and identity of resource, but relatively few studies have explored intraspecific variation in multiple defense traits along several resource gradients simultaneously. In order to address this gap, especially in an ecosystem dominated by large mammalian herbivores, we assessed relationships between multiple resources (rainfall, soil N, and soil P) and plant defense traits (prickle density, phenolics, and lignin content) using a widely distributed tropical savanna herb, Solanum incanum, growing in naturally occurring resource gradients within the Serengeti National Park. We found substantial intraspecific variation in all three defense traits across sites (n =43). Variation in prickle density was positively associated with rainfall and soil P, but not soil N. In contrast to prickle density, phenolics and lignin were uncorrelated with all three resource gradients. This independent association of soil P with a carbon-based defense, prickle density, suggests potential for resources that are not components of defenses to influence allocation to defense traits. Such influence may reflect association between resource and herbivore abundance and/or preference. These varied patterns in resource-defense associations further emphasize the tremendous variation in anti-herbivore traits which may be influenced by different plant resources and highlight the need to consider multiple resource gradients in understanding evolution of plant traits.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

zenodo40/100

Drivers of Forest-Savanna transition

This dataset has the data used in the article titled "Current Forest-Savanna Transition in Northern South America Departs from Typical Climatic Thresholds" published in the Ecosystems Journal. Further details of variables and data sources are described in the methods section, Table 1, and Supplementary Material of the article.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

zenodo40/100

Site occupancy of Dasypus novemcinctus (Mammalia, Cingulata) and daily activity of four armadillo species in the Uruguayan Savanna and southern Atlantic Forest

Datasets and R code for the research article "Site occupancy of Dasypus novemcinctus (Mammalia, Cingulata) and daily activity of four armadillo species in the Uruguayan Savanna and southern Atlantic Forest", published in Mammalian Biology. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s42991-023-00366-3">https://doi.org/10.1007/s42991-023-00366-3</a>

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

dryad40/100