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122 results for “Spartina alterniflora”
Data from: Spartina alterniflora genotypic identity affects plant and consumer responses in an experimental marsh community
1. Competition and herbivory are ubiquitous processes known to interactively shape plant performance, distribution and community assembly. Likewise, plant genetic variation and associated trait differences can impact both plant-plant and plant-herbivore interactions individually, yet few studies have explored these interactions simultaneously. 2. Salt marsh communities are an ideal system to study these questions, as they are dominated along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States by a foundation plant species, Spartina alterniflora, with high levels of genetically-based trait variation. Furthermore, consumer pressure and plant competitors are known to influence both the distribution and production of Spartina. We manipulated Spartina genetic identity, neighbor identity (needlerush, Juncus roemerianus), and consumer presence (snail, Littoraria irrorata) in a one-year field experiment in St. Joseph Bay, FL to test how the strength and direction of neighbor and consumer interactions vary by plant genotype. 3. Consumer effects on Spartina were generally stronger and more variable than those of the plant neighborhood, and these effects were generally consistent across Spartina genotypes. However, genotype-specific variation in morphology, phenology, and palatability significantly influenced both consumer and neighbor responses to Spartina: the consumer Littoraria was more likely to climb palatable Spartina genotypes, and neighboring Juncus had shorter stems in the presence of highly productive Spartina genotypes. 4. Synthesis. Our results add to the growing list of examples highlighting the role of intraspecific variation in species interactions, and suggest that variation in these interactions may promote the maintenance of plant genetic variation and community composition.
Fig. 6. Structural relationship between flavonoids 1–20 in Flavonoid pattern inheritance in the allopolyploid Spartina anglica - Comparison with the parental species S. maritima and S. alterniflora
Fig. 6. Structural relationship between flavonoids 1–20 identified in the three Spartina species (MW: molecular weight).
Fig. 2 in Flavonoid pattern inheritance in the allopolyploid Spartina anglica - Comparison with the parental species S. maritima and S. alterniflora
Fig. 2. Comparison of the HPLC chromatograms obtained on HTec (top) and Polartec (bottom) column: (a) S. maritima; (b) S. alterniflora; (c) S. anglica.
Fig. 5. A in Flavonoid pattern inheritance in the allopolyploid Spartina anglica - Comparison with the parental species S. maritima and S. alterniflora
Fig. 5. A - PCA biplot graph based on PC1 and PC2 scores; B - dendrogram of the three species based of their flavonoid contents; C - dendrogram obtained from the cluster analysis of the variables. Sma: S. maritima; San: S. anglica; Sal: S. alterniflora. Compound numbers are the same as in Table 1 and Fig. 3.
Fig. 1 in Flavonoid pattern inheritance in the allopolyploid Spartina anglica - Comparison with the parental species S. maritima and S. alterniflora
Fig. 1. Study sites on the Southern French Atlantic coast. Symbol + indicate position of the sampling sites.
Fig. 4 in Flavonoid pattern inheritance in the allopolyploid Spartina anglica - Comparison with the parental species S. maritima and S. alterniflora
Fig. 4. Comparison of the phenolic content of samples S1–S3 and G for each Spartina species: S. maritima (top), S. alterniflora (middle) and S. anglica (bottom). Black bars, samples G; white bars, samples S1; light gray bars, samples S2; dark gray bars, samples S3. Compound numbers on abscissa are the same as in Table 1 and Fig. 3. Concentrations values on ordinate are given as mg.g−1 dw, mean values (n = 3; see Table S5 for full data).
Data from: Soil erodibility differs according to heritable trait variation and nutrient-induced plasticity in the salt marsh engineer Spartina alterniflora
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Monitoring of the invasion of Spartina alterniflora from 1985 to 2015 in Zhejiang Province, China
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Data from: Genotypic diversity enhances invasive ability of Spartina alterniflora
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Data from: Spartina alterniflora genotypic identity affects plant and consumer responses in an experimental marsh community
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Long-term Spartina alterniflora invasion simplified soil seed bank and regenerated community in a coastal marsh wetland
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Data from: Environmental stress and resource availability affect the maintenance of genetic variation in a dominant marsh plant (Spartina alterniflora)
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Data from: Spartina alterniflora invasion drastically increases methane production potential by shifting methanogenesis from hydrogenotrophic to methylotrophic pathway in a coastal marsh
1. Plant invasion can strongly influence carbon (C) cycling processes, thus it may affect climate change by altering C sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions in the invaded ecosystem. Since 1979, the exotic Spartina alterniflora has rapidly expanded in China's coastal areas, where significant increase in methane (CH4) emissions has been documented from post-invaded sites. However, a mechanistic understanding of the structural and functional changes of associated methanogens accompanying this invasion remains elusive. 2. Here we conducted integrated biogeochemical investigations on methanogenic substrates, activity, and diversity to identify implications of S. alterniflora invasion for methanogenesis in coastal wetlands. To do this, we collected and analyzed 0–50 cm soil profiles from an uncolonized tidal flat (TF) and salt marshes that S. alterniflora has invaded for 1 year (SA-1) and 12 years (SA-12) in Jiangsu, China. Methanogenic community composition was characterized by massive parallel sequencing. The rates and pathways of methanogenesis were determined by adding trace concentrations of 13C-labeled substrates to anaerobic incubated samples. 3. Our results revealed that 12-year invasion of S. alterniflora drastically increased CH4 production potential by one order of magnitude over that of TF. This substantial increase was primarily attributed to methanogenesis from trimethylamine; its rates increased by two orders of magnitude over TF whereas those from acetate and H2/CO2 increased far less. Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was the dominant pathway operating in the TF, but methanotrophic pathway contributed most to CH4 production in the surface layer of SA-1 and upper-most 40-cm layers of SA-12. Consistent with these observations, the dominant methanogens shifted from obligate hydrogenotrophic Methanococcales in TF to potential methylamine-utilizing Methanosarcinaceae in SA-12. Our Mantel analysis indicated that 'non-competitive' trimethylamine, derived from cytoplasmic osmolytes of S. alterniflora, was the major driver of this change in methanogenic community composition. 4. Synthesis. Our results suggest that invasive S. alterniflora plants gradually facilitated the local dominance of methylotrophic Methanosarcinaceae by changing the key type of methanogenic substrate in coastal marshes. Shifts in methanogen communities and enhanced availability of trimethylamine elevated the rates and importance of methylotrophic methanogenesis, thereby markedly increasing CH4 production potential and emission rates in this type of ecosystem.
Data from: Increased nitrogen input enhances Kandelia obovata seedling growth in the presence of invasive Spartina alterniflora in subtropical regions of China
Mangroves in China are severely affected by the rapid invasion of the non-native species Spartina alterniflora. Although many studies have addressed the possible impacts of S. alterniflora on the performance of mangrove seedlings, how excessive nitrogen (N) input due to eutrophication affects the interactions between mangrove species and S. alterniflora remains unknown. Here, we report the results from a mesocosm experiment using seedlings of the native mangrove species Kandelia obovata and the exotic S. alterniflora grown in monoculture and mixed culture under no nitrogen addition and nitrogen (N) addition treatments for 18 months. Without N addition, the presence of S. alterniflora inhibited the growth of K. obovata seedlings. Excessive N addition significantly increased the growth rate of K. obovata in both cultures. However, the positive and significantly increasing relative interaction intensity index under excessive N input suggested that the invasion of S. alterniflora could favour the growth of K. obovata under eutrophication conditions. Our results imply that excessive N input in southeastern China can increase the competitive ability of mangrove seedlings against invasive S. alterniflora.
Fig. 3 in Flavonoid pattern inheritance in the allopolyploid Spartina anglica - Comparison with the parental species S. maritima and S. alterniflora
Fig. 3. Formulae of compounds 1–20.
Data from: Spartina alterniflora invasion drastically increases methane production potential by shifting methanogenesis from hydrogenotrophic to methylotrophic pathway in a coastal marsh
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Consistent pattern of higher lability of leaves from high latitudes for both native Phragmites australis and exotic Spartina alterniflora
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Data from: Increased nitrogen input enhances Kandelia obovata seedling growth in the presence of invasive Spartina alterniflora in subtropical regions of China
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Data from: Genetic and epigenetic variation in Spartina alterniflora following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
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Enhanced salt stress tolerance of rice plants expressing a vacuolar H+-ATPase subunit c1 (SaVHAc1) gene from the halophyte grass Spartina alterniflora Löisel
GEO Series GSE34724. Oryza sativa; Sporobolus alterniflorus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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