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150 results for “Use of Force”
METHODS. Bovine ilia were used in the simulations because their histological structure (a fibrolamellar cortex overlying cancellous bone26) was found to match that of the Triceratops ilium. Bone sections 10 x 50 x 縠 3.0 cm with cortices ranging from 0.5 to 5.5 mm in depth (the range of initial cortical-thickness estimates based on gross morphology) were mounted on a servohydraulic mechanical loading frame (MTS Bionix, Minneapolis) and penetrated with an aluminium-bronze T. rex tooth replica. The replica was cast from an actual adult T. rex maxillary tooth, after casts made from some ofthe deeper bite marks revealed the size and shape of the teeth that had impacted the pelvis8 • The replica was penetrated into the ilia sections at 1 mm s-1 to a depth of 11.5 mm, equivalent to the maximum depth of the deepest ilium bite mark8 • Forces were measured with an MTS 25 N strain-gauge-based axial load cell accurate to 0.2%. The forces increased with increasing penetration depth even after the cortical layer had been perforated and the underlying cancellous bone was being crushed. The increase in force with penetration depth is attributed to a greater cortical surface area coming into contact with the semi-conical penetrator tooth as it descended through the ilia. in Bite-force estimation for Tyrannosaurus rex from tooth-marked bones
METHODS. Bovine ilia were used in the simulations because their histological structure (a fibrolamellar cortex overlying cancellous bone26) was found to match that of the Triceratops ilium. Bone sections 10 x 50 x 縠 3.0 cm with cortices ranging from 0.5 to 5.5 mm in depth (the range of initial cortical-thickness estimates based on gross morphology) were mounted on a servohydraulic mechanical loading frame (MTS Bionix, Minneapolis) and penetrated with an aluminium-bronze T. rex tooth replica. The replica was cast from an actual adult T. rex maxillary tooth, after casts made from some ofthe deeper bite marks revealed the size and shape of the teeth that had impacted the pelvis8 • The replica was penetrated into the ilia sections at 1 mm s-1 to a depth of 11.5 mm, equivalent to the maximum depth of the deepest ilium bite mark8 • Forces were measured with an MTS 25 N strain-gauge-based axial load cell accurate to 0.2%. The forces increased with increasing penetration depth even after the cortical layer had been perforated and the underlying cancellous bone was being crushed. The increase in force with penetration depth is attributed to a greater cortical surface area coming into contact with the semi-conical penetrator tooth as it descended through the ilia.
Data from: Interactive effects between physical forces and ecosystem engineers on seed burial: a case study using Spartina anglica
Seed burial (i.e. vertical seed dispersal) has become increasingly valued for its relevance for seed fate and plant recruitment. While ecosystem engineers have been generally considered as the most important drivers of seed burial, the role of physical forces, such as wind or water flow, has been largely overlooked. Using tidal habitats as a model system, and a combination of flume and mesocosm experiments, we investigated the effects of 1) currents, 2) benthic animals with different engineering activities and 3) their interplay on seed burial of a common salt marsh pioneer plant, Spartina anglica. Our results reveal that in such systems, water flow can be of equal or higher importance than ecosystem engineers for seed burial. For passive seed-burying engineers (PSE), coupling their actions with currents produced synergistic seed burial effects, whereas the interactive effects were only additive for active seed-burying engineers (ASE). This paper extends current understanding of seed burial and seed bank formation by revealing the need to incorporate physical forces into seed burial mechanisms. We provide the first empirical evidence that physical forces influence seed burial by synergistically interacting with ecosystem engineers, thus highlighting the role of biophysical interactions as important drivers for vertical seed movement.
Data from: Force and torque on spherical particles in micro-channel flows using computational fluid dynamics
To delineate the influence of hemodynamic force on cell adhesion processes, model in vitro fluidic assays that mimic physiological conditions are commonly employed. Herein, we offer a framework for solution of the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to estimate the forces resulting from fluid flow near a plane acting on a sphere that is either stationary or in free flow, and we compare these results to a widely used theoretical model that assumes Stokes flow with a constant shear rate. We find that while the full three-dimensional solutions using a parabolic velocity profile in CFD simulations yield similar translational velocities to those predicted by the theoretical method, the CFD approach results in approximately 50% larger rotational velocities over the wall shear stress range of 0.1–5.0 dynes cm−2. This leads to an approximately 25% difference in force and torque calculations between the two methods. When compared with experimental measurements of translational and rotational velocities of microspheres or cells perfused in microfluidic channels, the CFD simulations yield significantly less error. We propose that CFD modelling can provide better estimations of hemodynamic force levels acting on perfused microspheres and cells in flow fields through microfluidic devices used for cell adhesion dynamics analysis.
Comparison of compressive forces because of various cannulated cancellous screws used in arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis_DATA
<p>Comparison of compressive forces because of various CCS used in AAA</p>
Climbing parrots achieve pitch stability using axial-appendicular force couples
<p class="Default">During vertical climbing, the gravitational moment tends to pitch the animal's head away from the climbing surface and this may be countered by 1) applying a correcting torque at a discrete contact point, or 2) applying opposing horizontal forces at separate contact points to produce a free moment. We tested these potential strategies in small parrots with an experimental climbing apparatus imitating the fine branches and vines of their natural habitat. The birds climbed on a vertical ladder with four instrumented rungs that measured three-dimensional force and torque, representing the first measurements of multiple contacts from a climbing bird. The parrots ascend primarily by pulling upward from the upper rung using the beak and feet. They resist the gravitational pitching moment with a free moment produced by horizontal force couples between the beak and feet during the first third of the stride and the tail and feet during the last third of the stride. The reaction torque from individual rungs did not counter, but exacerbated the gravitational pitching moment. Possible climbing limitations were explored using two different rung radii, each with low and high friction surfaces. Rung torque was limited in the large-radius, low-friction condition, however, rung condition did not significantly influence free moments produced. These findings have implications for our understanding of avian locomotor modules (i.e., coordinated actions of the head-neck, hindlimbs, and tail), the use of force couples in vertical locomotion, and the evolution of associated structures.</p>
Experiments on the snowfall, temperature, and humidity to the Arctic summer snowstorm using ocean-ice couple model (POP2-CICE5) with JRA55-do and MERRA2 forcing
<p><span>In the Arctic, short-lived summer snowstorms can provide snow cover that can increase surface reflectivity and heat capacity. Despite their potential importance, little research has been done to understand the impact of summer snowstorms on basin-scale Arctic sea ice cover. Our observational analysis shows that a summer snowstorm event is accompanied by cyclonic ice drift, increases in surface albedo and surface air cooling that can persist for up to ~2 weeks, dampening sea ice loss. Specifically, multiple snowstorm events in a summer, on average, results in net increase in sea ice extent of ~0.2×106 km<sup>2</sup> by early September. Experiments with a sophisticated ice-ocean model framework indicate that the initial expansion of sea ice extent is driven by cyclonic wind-driven ice drifts driving sea ice southwards and increasing albedo around the summer ice edge, however the thermal effects from the associated snowfall and atmospheric conditions result in a stronger overall impact on basin-averaged sea ice extent at seasonal scales.</span></p> <p><span>Additional model experiments were carried out to isolate the physical processes contributing to the thermal response of Arctic sea ice to summer snowstorms. Our results show the impact of surface air cooling on sea ice extent is about 3.5 times larger than the snowfall/albedo response. However, our simulated albedo response is weaker than the observed response, likely due to the negligible difference in surface albedo between old snow and freshly fallen snow – a limiting factor in our analysis and a topic worthy of future focus.</span></p>
Pure POPC Membrane with 650mM NaCl simulations using Drude Polarizable Force Field and OpenMM
<p>500 ns MD simulation of pure POPC membrane using Charmm-Drude polarizable force field. The system contains 128 POPC lipids, 77 NaCl, and 6400 SWM4 water molecules.</p> <p>The simulation have been performed using OpenMM 7.4.1</p> <p>Before running the Drude simulation, the system has been equilibriated using Charmm36 force field for 200 ns. The last frame of that simulation was used to generate Drude polarizable model. The first 100 ns of the Drude simulation has been discarded from this dataset.</p> <p>wrapped.dcd has a frame saving frequency of 100 ps.</p> <p><strong>It has been discovered that (https://github.com/NMRLipids/Databank/issues/2#issuecomment-1357871243) the wrapped_full.dcd trajectory did not have the correct timestamp: the timestep between two consecutive simulation frames was not correctly embedded into the trajectory information. Therefore, with the latest version we are uploading the "wrapped_full_fixed_dt.xtc" which has the correct timestamp. The frame saving frequency in this trajectory is 10 ps. </strong></p> <p><strong>This new update should not invalidate any previous calculations that did not explicitly read the timestamp information from the trajectory.</strong></p> <p><strong>This simulation consists of 5 sub-trajectories, each of which starts from the last frame of the previous one and runs for 100 ns. These trajectories (originally in dcd format) were concatenated and saved in xtc format with MDAnalysis.</strong></p>
Pure POPC Membrane with 350mM NaCl simulations using Drude Polarizable Force Field and OpenMM
<p>500 ns MD simulation of pure POPC membrane using Charmm-Drude polarizable force field. The system contains 128 POPC lipids, 41 NaCl, and 6400 SWM4 water molecules.</p> <p>The simulation have been performed using OpenMM 7.4.1</p> <p>Before running the Drude simulation, the system has been equilibriated using Charmm36 force field for 200 ns. The last frame of that simulation was used to generate Drude polarizable model. The first 100 ns of the Drude simulation has been discarded from this dataset.</p> <p>wrapped.dcd has a frame saving frequency of 100 ps.</p> <p><strong>It has been discovered that (https://github.com/NMRLipids/Databank/issues/2#issuecomment-1357871243) the wrapped_full.dcd trajectory did not have the correct timestamp: the timestep between two consecutive simulation frames was not correctly embedded into the trajectory information. Therefore, with the latest version we are uploading the "wrapped_full_fixed_dt.xtc" which has the correct timestamp. The frame saving frequency in this trajectory is 10 ps. </strong></p> <p><strong>This new update should not invalidate any previous calculations that did not explicitly read the timestamp information from the trajectory.</strong></p> <p><strong>This simulation consists of 5 sub-trajectories, each of which starts from the last frame of the previous one and runs for 100 ns. These trajectories (originally in dcd format) were concatenated and saved in xtc format with MDAnalysis.</strong></p>
Pure POPC Membrane with 450mM CaCl2 simulations using Drude Polarizable Force Field and OpenMM
<p>500 ns MD simulation of pure POPC membrane using Charmm-Drude polarizable force field. The system contains 128 POPC lipids, 52 CaCl2, and 6400 SWM4 water molecules. </p> <p>The simulation have been performed using OpenMM 7.4.1 Frames are saved in every 10 ps. Before running the Drude simulation, the system has been equilibriated using Charmm36 force field for 200 ns. The last frame of that simulation was used to generate Drude polarizable model. The first 100 ns of the Drude simulation has been discarded from this dataset.</p> <p>wrapped.dcd has a frame saving frequency of 100 ps.</p> <p><strong>It has been discovered that (https://github.com/NMRLipids/Databank/issues/2#issuecomment-1357871243) the wrapped_full.dcd trajectory did not have the correct timestamp: the timestep between two consecutive simulation frames was not correctly embedded into the trajectory information. Therefore, with the latest version we are uploading the "wrapped_full.xtc" which has the correct timestamp. The frame saving frequency in this trajectory is 10 ps. </strong></p> <p><strong>This new update should not invalidate any previous calculations that did not explicitly read the timestamp information from the trajectory.</strong></p> <p><strong>This simulation consists of 5 sub-trajectories, each of which starts from the last frame of the previous one and runs for 100 ns. These trajectories (originally in dcd format) were centered with VMD command "pbc wrap -center origin -centersel lipid -compound residue -all", concatenated and saved in xtc format with MDAnalysis.</strong></p> <p> </p>
Trapped Solitary Waves in a Periodic External Force: A Numerical Investigation using the Whitham Equation and the Sponge Layer Method
<p>Supplementary Videos.</p>
A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Maximum Maxillary Bite Force (BF) When Using Two Novel Denture Adhesives Compared to Using No-Adhesive
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05173974. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Effect Of Intraoperative Forced Air Warmer Use, On Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05426278. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 4.
Real World Registry Assessing the Clinical Use of the Bard UltraScore Forced Focus PTA Balloon
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03193619. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Evaluation of Core Body Temperature When Using Forced Air Warming or an Active Blanket to Prevent Perioperative Hypothermia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02079311. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 0.
Data from: Force and torque on spherical particles in micro-channel flows using computational fluid dynamics
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Interactive effects between physical forces and ecosystem engineers on seed burial: a case study using Spartina anglica
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Experiments on the snowfall, temperature, and humidity to the Arctic summer snowstorm using ocean-ice couple model (POP2-CICE5) with JRA55-do and MERRA2 forcing
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Climbing parrots achieve pitch stability using axial-appendicular force couples
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Differential epigenetic profiling of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) in response to shear stress forces using ATAC-Seq
GEO Series GSE112328. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Differential epigenetic profiling of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) in response to shear stress forces using ChIP-Seq of H3K27ac
GEO Series GSE112336. Homo sapiens. 20 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.