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112 results for “divergence with gene flow”
Substantial genetic divergence and lack of recent gene flow support cryptic speciation in a colour polymorphic bumble bee (Bombus bifarius) species complex
<p>Phenotypic polymorphism can constitute an inherent challenge for species delimitation. This issue is exemplified in bumble bees (<i>Bombus</i>), where species can exhibit high colour variation across their range, but otherwise exhibit little morphological variation to distinguish them from close relatives. We examine the species status of one of the most abundant North American bumble bees, <i>Bombus bifarius</i> Cresson, which historically was comprised of two major taxa, <i>bifarius</i> <i>s.s.</i> (<i>sensu stricto</i>) and <i>nearcticus</i>. These sublineages are recognized primarily by red and black variation in their mid-abdominal coloration, however, a continuum from black (<i>nearcticus</i>) to red (<i>bifarius s.s.</i>) variation has led to their historic synonymisation. Integrating mitochondrial and nuclear data and whole-genome sequencing, we reveal a high level of both mitochondrial and nuclear divergence delimiting two morphologically cryptic species – the red <i>bifarius s.s.</i> and the color variable (black to red) <i>nearcticus</i>. Population genomic analysis supports an absence of recent genomic admixture and a strong population structure between the two clades even in sympatry. Species distribution models predict partially differentiated niches between the genetically-inferred clades with annual precipitation being a leading differentiating variable. The<i> bifarius</i> <i>s.s. </i>lineage also occupies significantly higher elevations, with regions of sympatry being among the highest elevations in <i>nearcticus</i>. Our data also support a subspecies-level divergence between the broadly distributed <i>nearcticus</i> and the island population <i>vancouverensis</i>. In this paper, we formally recognize the two species, <i>Bombus</i> <i>bifarius</i> Cresson and <i>Bombus</i> <i>vancouverensis </i>Cresson, the latter including the subspecies <i>B. vancouverensis vancouverensis</i> <b>comb. n.</b> and <i>B. vancouverensis nearcticus</i> <b>comb. n</b>., with <i>vancouverensis </i>the name bearer due to year priority.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Up and down the blind alley: population divergence with scant gene flow in an endangered tropical lineage of Andean palms (Ceroxylon quindiuense clade: Ceroxyloideae)
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Data from: The effects of sexual selection on trait divergence in a peripheral population with gene flow
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Substantial genetic divergence and lack of recent gene flow support cryptic speciation in a colour polymorphic bumble bee (Bombus bifarius) species complex
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Data from: Divergence maintained by climatic selection despite recurrent gene flow: a case study of Castanopsis carlesii (Fagaceae)
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Genetic divergence across glacial refugia despite interglacial gene flow in a crested newt
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Data from: Stark sexual display divergence among jumping spider populations in the face of gene flow
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Data from: Up and down the blind alley: population divergence with scant gene flow in an endangered tropical lineage of Andean palms (Ceroxylon quindiuense clade: Ceroxyloideae)
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Data from: Genetic hitchhiking and the dynamic buildup of genomic divergence during speciation with gene flow
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Data from: How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow
Habitat preference may promote adaptive divergence and speciation, yet the conditions under which this is likely are insufficiently explored. We use individual-based simulations to study the evolution and consequence of habitat preference during divergence with gene flow, considering four different underlying genetically-based behavioral mechanisms: natal habitat imprinting, phenotype-dependent, competition-dependent, and direct genetic habitat preference. We find that the evolution of habitat preference generally requires initially high dispersal, is facilitated by asymmetry in population sizes between habitats, and is hindered by an increasing number of underlying genetic loci. Moreover, the probability of habitat preference to emerge and promote divergence differs greatly among the underlying mechanisms. Natal habitat imprinting evolves most easily and can allow full divergence in parameter ranges where no divergence is possible in the absence of habitat preference. The reason is that imprinting represents a one-allele mechanism of assortative mating linking dispersal behavior very effectively to local selection. At the other extreme, direct genetic habitat preference, a two-allele mechanism, evolves under restricted conditions only, and even then facilitates divergence weakly. Overall, our results indicate that habitat preference can be a strong reproductive barrier promoting divergence with gene flow, but that this is highly contingent on the underlying preference mechanism.
Data from: Divergence with gene flow in a population of thermophilic bacteria: a potential role for spatially varying selection
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Data from: How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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