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133 results for “ecotones”
Data from: Hybridization at an ecotone: ecological and genetic barriers between three Iberian vipers
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Data from: Metabolic traits of westslope cutthroat, introduced rainbow trout and their hybrids in an ecotonal hybrid zone along an elevation gradient
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Post-fire SOC and delta-13C at different types of microsite at a grassland-shrubland ecotone
Woody plant encroachment of grassland ecosystems is a geographically extensive phenomenon that can lead to rapid land degradation and significantly alter global biogeochemical cycles, and this ecosystem change has been particularly well documented in the desert grassland of the southwestern United States. Fires are known to decrease vegetation cover and increase soil erodibility, and the shifts in wildfire regimes are currently occurring in Chihuahuan Desert. It is generally recognized that the invasion of woody vegetation into grasslands and savannas will increase the carbon stored in arid ecosystems. However, carbon storage may be complicated by disturbance such as wildfire, which alters the distribution and amount of C pools in the drylands. The relative distribution of each vegetation type to the soil C pool and its variability after fires are not well-understood in this ecosystem. This research will investigate the variations of SOC and its vegetation source partition at microsite scale in the woody shrub encroached grassland after the occurrence of fire, which will provide further information on wildfire’s influence on soil C pool dynamics in arid and semiarid lands. The post-fire changes of the spatial pattern of SOC and vegetation contributions in the shrub encroached grassland will be analyzed using a geostatistical method outlined in Guan et al. (2018). Overall, understanding the post-fire redistribution and sources of SOC may provide insights on the important role played by fire, aeolian processes and vegetation in the dynamics of desert grassland ecosystems.
Supplementary material 1 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
P-Distances between Riotintobolus species
Figure 8 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 8 Riotintobolus bovinus sp. nov., male holotype (ZFMK MYR940) A multi-layer photograph, anterior body, lateral view B multi-layer photograph, leg pairs 1–7, ventral view C multi-layer photograph, posterior body end with telson D anterior gonopod, anterior view E anterior gonopod, posterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view G left posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: Apo = apodeme; av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Gn = gnathochilarium; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pe = penis; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; numbers refer to leg pair or segment number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 9 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 9 Riotintobolus antafoky sp. nov., holotype (CASENT9032794) A anterior gonopod, anterior view B anterior gonopod, posterior view C telopodite of left posterior gonopod, anterior view D left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Abbreviations: Cx = coxite; St = sternite; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'. Not to scale.
Figure 6 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 6 Riotintobolus mangatsiaka sp. nov., male and female (FMMC 5413), SEMA left gnathal lobe of mandible, mesal view B left female vulva, lateral view. Abbreviations: av = anterior orientated plate; 3iT = 3-combed inner tooth; eT ? external tooth; LT = lateral tooth; mp = molar plate; O = operculum; pL = pectinate lamellae; pv = posterior orientated plate. Scale bars as indicated.
Figure 7 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 7 Riotintobolus lavanono sp. nov., paratype male (ZFMK MYR942) C anterior gonopod, anterior view; posterior view D telopodite of left posterior gonopod, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Go = gonopods; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; sub = hypoproct; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferent duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair or segment number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 5 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 5 Riotintobolus mangatsiaka sp. nov., male (FMMC 5413), SEMA left antennae B antennomere 5 C details of sensilla basiconica D antennomere 6 E detail of unknown sensilla/pore opening F gnathochilarium underside G gnathochilarium, detail of right central pad. Abbreviations: cP = central pads; d = disc; iP = inner palpus; LP = lateral palpus; s = unknown sensillum; sb = sensilla basiconica; numbers refer to antennomere number. Scale bars as indicated.
Figure 4 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 4 Riotintobolus mangatsiaka sp. nov., paratypes (ZFMK MYR938) A living female B living male in defensive position C multi-layer photograph, male anterior body, lateral view D multi-layer photograph, male leg pairs 1–7, ventral view E multi-layer photograph, male posterior body end with telson F anterior gonopod, anterior view G anterior gonopod, posterior view H right posterior gonopod, posterior view I right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pe = penis; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; sub = hypoproct; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 3 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 3 Riotintobolus tsimelahy sp. nov., holotype (ZFMK MYR99940) (A–F) and male paratype (ZFMK MYR9949) (G, H) A multi-layer photograph, male anterior body, lateral view B multi-layer photograph, male leg pairs 1–7, ventral view C multi-layer photograph, male posterior body end with telson D anterior gonopod, anterior view E left posterior gonopod, posterior view F right posterior gonopod, anterior view G damaged? left posterior gonopod, posterior view H damaged? right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; sub = hypoproct; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 1 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 1 Relationships of Riotintobolus species. The evolutionary history of Riotintobolus was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (-5174.8354) is shown. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. Yellow box marks the genus Riotintobolus, green colour bars mark the new species described here. For specimen information, see Table 1. Numbers refer to bootstrap values, values < 50% not shown.
Figure 10 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 10 Riotintobolus makayi sp. nov., male holotype (ZFMK MYR939) A multi-layer photograph, anterior body, lateral view B multi-layer photograph, leg pairs 1–7, ventral view C multi-layer photograph, posterior body end with telson D anterior gonopod, anterior view E anterior gonopod, posterior view F right posterior gonopod, anterior view G right posterior gonopod, posterior view. Abbreviations: Apo = apodeme; av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Gn = gnathochilarium; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair or segment number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 2 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 2 Distribution of the newly described Riotintobolus species, as well as of the still undescribed species. Vegetation marks modified from Moat and Smith 2007.
Fixed or mixed? variation in tree functional types and vegetation structure in a forest-savanna ecotone in West Africa
<p></p><p>We analysed thirty-five 400-m<sup>2</sup> plots encompassing forest, savanna and intermediate vegetation types in an ecotonal area in Ghana, West Africa. Across all plots, fire frequency was over a period of 15 years relatively uniform (once in 2–4 years). Although woodlands were dominated by species typically associated with savanna-type formations, and with forest formations dominated by species usually associated with closed canopies, these associations were non-obligatory and with a discrete non-specialized species grouping also identified. Across all plots, crown area index, stem basal area and above-ground biomass were positively associated with higher soil exchangeable potassium and silt contents: this supporting recent suggestions of interplays between potassium and soil water storage potential as a significant influence on tropical vegetation structure. We also found an average NDVI cover increase of ~0.15% year<sup>−1</sup> (1984–2011) with plots dominated by non-specialized species increasing more than those dominated by either forest- or savanna-affiliated species. Our results challenge the traditional view of a simple forest vs. savanna dichotomy controlled by fire, and with our newly identified third non-specialized species grouping also potentially important in understanding ecotonal responses to climate change.</p><p></p>
Fig. 3 in Aquatic Coleoptera In The Subtropical-Pampasic Ecotone (Argentina, Buenos Aires): Species Composition And Temporal Changes
Fig. 3. Percentage of species per family in each sampling station.
Fig. 12 in Aquatic Coleoptera In The Subtropical-Pampasic Ecotone (Argentina, Buenos Aires): Species Composition And Temporal Changes
Fig. 12. Cluster analysis of sampling stations according to: A—Taxonomic similarity
Spartina patens surveys of flowering density at marsh-forest ecotone
<p>Climate change is driving abiotic shifts that can threaten the conservation of foundation species and the habitats they support. Range shifts are one mechanism of escape, but this requires successful colonization of habitats where interspecific interactions may differ from those to which a species has adapted. For plants with multiple reproductive strategies, these range-edge interactions may alter the investment or allocation towards a given reproductive strategy. In this study, we quantify sexual reproduction of the clonal marsh grass <em>Spartina patens </em>across an inland colonization front into maritime forest being driven by sea-level rise. We find that flowering is variable across <em>S. patens </em>meadows, but consistently reduced under low light conditions like those of the forest understory. Observational surveys of <em>S. patens</em> flowering at four sites in the Delmarva Peninsula agreed with the results of two experimental manipulations of light availability (shading experiment in <em>S. patens</em>-dominated marsh and a forest dieback manipulation). These three approaches pinpointed light limitation as a principal control on <em>S. patens</em> flowering capacity, suggesting that light competition with taller upland species can suppress <em>S. patens</em> flowering along its upland migration front. Consequently, all propagation in shaded conditions must occur clonally or via seeds from the marsh, a reproductive restriction that could limit the potential for local adaptation and reduce genetic diversity. Future research is needed to determine if the lack of flowering is the result of a tradeoff between sexual and clonal reproduction or if it results from insufficient photosynthetic products needed to achieve either reproductive method.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Triumfetta decaglandulata (Grewioideae, Malvaceae), a new species from the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone, Northern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Triumfetta decaglandulata (K.N.L. Alves et al. 244 - MG).
Hawkmoths diversity and activity in an Atlantic Forest - Caatinga ecotone, Northeast Brazil
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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