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1,515 results for “marshes”
Mollusc population abundance monitoring: Fall 2018 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance based on collections from GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2018 estimate of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Species abundance was determined by hand-collecting all the infaunal and epifaunal molluscs from within quadrats of known area in mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, fixed in ethanol, transferred to and preserved in ethanol, counted and measured (size data is reported separately). The counts were converted to number per square meter. Gastropod species are listed first, followed by bivalve species. Size distribution data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-1907a.
Mollusc population size distribution monitoring: Fall 2018 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc size distributions based on collections from GCE marsh monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2018 report of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc species size distributions at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Infaunal and epifaunal molluscs were hand-collected from within quadrats of known area from mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, preserved in ethanol, measured and counted (count data is reported separately). Length of each measurable individual was determined using calipers or an ocular micrometer mounted in a stereomicroscope. Species abundance and density data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-1907. Numbers of individuals of each species in the abundance data file may not correspond exactly to the numbers of individuals in the size data file because some individuals may not have been measureable.
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2018.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2018. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 replicate quadrats.
Fall 2019 crab population monitoring: mid-marsh and creek bank abundance based on crab hole counts at GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2019 estimate of crab densities at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Crab abundance was determined by counting the number of crab holes within a 625 cm^2 quadrat and converting the counts to number per square meter. Counts were made in the mid-marsh and creek bank zones (n = 4 per zone) at GCE sites 1 through 10. Note that this census method does not differentiate which species made a particular hole and therefore only estimates total burrowing crab abundance, potentially including species Uca pugnax, Uca minax, Uca pugilator, Armases cinereum, Eurytium limosum and Sesarma reticulatum. Crab holes that are not actively maintained are quickly covered by tidal activity and other sediment disturbances, therefore plugged holes were assumed to be unoccupied and excluded from the counts.
Mollusc population abundance monitoring: Fall 2019 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance based on collections from GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2019 estimate of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Species abundance was determined by hand-collecting all the infaunal and epifaunal molluscs from within quadrats of known area in mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, fixed in ethanol, transferred to and preserved in ethanol, counted and measured (size data is reported separately). The counts were converted to number per square meter. Gastropod species are listed first, followed by bivalve species. Size distribution data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2007a.
Mollusc population size distribution monitoring: Fall 2019 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc size distributions based on collections from GCE marsh monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2019 report of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc species size distributions at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Infaunal and epifaunal molluscs were hand-collected from within quadrats of known area from mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, preserved in ethanol, measured and counted (count data is reported separately). Length of each measurable individual was determined using calipers or an ocular micrometer mounted in a stereomicroscope. Species abundance and density data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2007. Numbers of individuals of each species in the abundance data file may not correspond exactly to the numbers of individuals in the size data file because some individuals may not have been measureable.
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2019.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2019. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats.
Estimation of Abundance and Distribution of Salt Marsh Plants from Images Using Deep Learning
Recent advances in computer vision and machine learning, most notably deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are exploited to identify and localize various plant species in salt marsh images. Three different approaches are explored that provide estimations of abundance and spatial distribution at varying levels of granularity in terms of spatial resolution. In the coarsest-grained approach, CNNs are tasked with identifying which of six plant species are present/absent in large patches within the salt marsh images. CNNs with diverse topological properties and attention mechanisms are shown capable of providing accurate estimations with > 90% precision and recall in the case of the more abundant plant species whereas the performance of the CNNs is observed to decline in the case of less common plant species. Estimation of percent cover of each plant species is performed at a finer spatial resolution, where smaller image patches are extracted and the CNNs tasked with identifying the plant species or substrate at the center of the image patch. In an ecological setting, several image patches (~100) are extracted and classified using this approach to estimate the percent cover of the various plant species in the image. For the percent cover estimation task, the CNNs are observed to exhibit a performance profile similar to that for the presence/absence estimation task, but with an ~ 5–10% reduction in precision and recall. Finally, estimation of the spatial distribution of the various plant species is performed via semantic segmentation of the input images at the finest level of granularity in terms of spatial resolution. The Deeplab-V3 semantic segmentation architecture is observed to provide very accurate estimations for abundant plant species; however, a significant degradation in performance is observed in the case of less abundant plant species and, in extreme cases, rare plant classes are seen to be ignored entirely. Overall, a clear trade-off is observed between
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2020.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2020. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats.
Fall 2020 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in July 2020. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Monthly Spartina alterniflora marsh vegetation data for additional sites along the Georgia coast used in the Belowground Ecosystem Resiliency Model
Study plots (1-m2) were established in three Spartina alterniflora-dominated marshes - 2 on Sapelo Island, Georgia, and 1 on Skidaway Island, Georgia, and sampled once each during May, July, August, September, and October of 2016. Nine replicate plots were placed in vegetated marsh along transects that spanned 3 Landsat-8 pixel footprints, with 3 plots per pixel foot print. In each plot, measurements included plant biomass, plant species, stem density, and height. Aboveground biomass was calculated using allometric relationships between plant height, flowering status and mass from plant clipping studies. During these surveys, destructive core sampling was also performed in the proximity of the plots (n = 1 per plot) to measure above and below ground biomass. Chlorophyll, foliar N, and Leaf Area Index measurements were taken in the proximity of the plots.
Fall 2021 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in August 2021. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Annual primary productivity at a Spartina patens-dominated salt marsh at Law's Point, Rowley River, Plum Island Ecosystem LTER, MA, 2000-2025.
Annual productivity is estimated from aboveground biomass data collected destructively from control and fertilized plots during the growing season at a Spartina patens-dominated salt marsh on the Rowley River within the Plum Island Ecosystem (PIE) LTER site, MA.
Marsh plant species shoot height, weight and diameters for Rowley River tidal creeks associated with long term fertilization experiments, Rowley and Ipswich, MA.
Marsh plant species shoot height, weight and diameters for Rowley River tidal creeks associated with long term fertilization experiments, Rowley and Ipswich, MA. The TIDE project aims to simulate eutrophication on a large scale by the addition of NO3- aiming to reach 70μM concentrations from May to September every year during the growing season. This fertilization of the marsh has been going on at Sweeney Creek since the 2004 growing season through 2012 and at Clubhead Creek in 2005 and from 2009 till 2019.
PIE LTER salt marsh vegetation cover data from regularly monitored quadrats along transects in Rowley, MA.
Marsh vegetation cover data from quadrats along transects in salt marsh sites in Rowley, MA. The transects are intended to study long term changes in marsh vegetation. Four sites ((12 transects) were originally set up to study the impact of salt marsh haying. Two of these sites (labeled McH and EPH) were regularly hayed until 2002. The other two (PUH and CC) were reference sites. Two additional sites labeled RM and RR (8 transects) were originally set up to track invasion by Phragmites australis.
PIE LTER salt marsh vegetation frequency of occurrence from regularly monitored transects in Rowley, MA
Marsh vegetation presence-absence data along transects in salt marsh sites in Rowley, MA. The transects are intended to study long term changes in marsh vegetation. Four sites ((12 transects) were originally set up to study the impact of salt marsh haying. Two of these sites (labeled McH and EPH) were regularly hayed until 2002. The other two (PUH and CC) were reference sites. Two additional sites labeled RM and RR (8 transects) were originally set up to track invasion by Phragmites australis.
Aboveground biomass at control and fertilized plots in a Spartina patens-dominated salt marsh, Rowley River, Plum Island Ecosystem LTER, MA (2000-2025).
Aboveground biomass is determined destructively at control and fertilized sites approximately monthly during the growing season at a Spartina patens salt marsh on the Rowley River within the Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER site.
Porewater nutrient concentrations from control plots and fertilized plots at Spartina alterniflora, S.patens and Typha sp. marshes, Plum Island Ecosystem LTER, MA (1999-2025).
Porewater samples from five marsh locations in the Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER site were collected and analyzed for salinity as well as ammonium, phosphate, sulfide and chloride concentrations throughout the growing season. Three sites (a Typha-dominated brackish marsh, a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh, and a S. patens-dominated salt marsh) are part of a long term study, and include fertilized and non-fertilized sample plots. Two additional, non-fertilized marsh sites, are located on Nelson Island, near Stackyard Road within the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge.
Change in marsh surface elevation measured with a Surface Elevation Table (SET) at control and fertilized plots at Spartina alterniflora, S.patens and Typha sp. marshes, Plum Island Ecosystems LTER, MA (1999-2025).
A Surface Elevation Table (SET) is used to measure changes in the elevation of the marsh surface at three long term marsh control and fertilization experimental research sites. The sites include one Typha-dominated brackish marsh, one Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh, and one S. patens-dominated salt marsh. Sites are located on the Rowley and upper Parker Rivers in the Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER.
Surface Elevation Table (SET) data (pin heights) from control and fertilized plots at Spartina alterniflora, S. patens and Typha sp. marshes, Plum Island Ecosystems LTER, MA (1999-2025).
A Surface Elevation Table (SET) is used to measure changes in the elevation of the marsh surface at three long term marsh fertilization experimental research sites. The sites include one Typha-dominated brackish marsh, one Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh, and one S. patens-dominated salt marsh. Sites are located on the Rowley and upper Parker Rivers in the Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER site.
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OpenNeuro
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