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FIGURE 15 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 15. Flowers and achenes of Atraphaxis (A–F, J, L), Bactria (K), and Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (G–I) (SEM): (A–B)—A. fischeri, filaments at the receptacle edge. (C–D)—ibid, papillae at the filament base. (E)—ibid, nectar-secreating zone of receptacle. (F)—A. pungens, epidermis of filament. (G)—Polygonum salicornioides, three linear styles connate at base. (H)—Polygonum salicornioides, tuberculate achene surface; (I)—P. aridum, three linear styles connate at base. (J)—A. toktogulica, three styles connate at base. (K)—Bactria ovczinnikovii, three styles connate at base. (L)—A. pungens, three styles with fimbriate-capitate stigmas. Scale bar = 300 μm for A, G, G–L; = 100 μm for B, I; = 30 μm for C–F, H. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 14 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 14. Filaments (A, D, G, J), epidermis of the filaments (B, E, H, K), and nectar-secreating zone (C, F, I, L) of Bactria and Atraphaxis (SEM): (A–C)—Bactria ovczinnikovii, Nepli s.n. LE. (D–F)—Atraphaxis toktogulica, Ajdarova et al. s.n. LE; (G–I)—A. atraphaxiformis, Kamelin 523, LE. (J–L)—A. ariana, Androsov s.n. LE. Scale bar = 300 μm for A, D, G, J; = 30 μm for the rest. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 13 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 13. Filaments (A, D, E), epidermis of the filaments (B, F, G), and nectar-secreating zone (C, H, I) of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (SEM): (A–C)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE). (D–I)—P. aridum (Sawers, Haussknecht s.n., LE). Scale bar = 300 μm for A, D–E; = 30 μm for B–C, F–I. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 12 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 12. Abaxial perianth surface of Atraphaxis (SEM): (A)—A. tournefortii, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube, flower bud. (B, D)—A. pungens, dome-shaped cells of tube, young flower. (C)—ibid, segment edge of mature flower. (E)—ibid, segment of flower bud. (F)—A. fischeri, segment of flower bud. (G–H)—A. frutescens, tube (G) and segment (H) of flower bud. (I)—A. teretifolia, segment edge. Scale bar = 30 μm for A, I; = 50 μm for B, C; = 10 μm (D–H). Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 10 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 10. Abaxial perianth surface of Atraphaxis (SEM): (A)—A. toktogulica, papillae at segment edge. (B)—A. ariana, domeshaped cells of perianth tube, some forming papillae. (C)—A. ariana, segment edge. (D)—A. ariana, epidermal cells of petaloid segment. (E–F)—A. badghysi, dome-shaped cells of perianth tube, some forming papillae. (G)—A. badghysi, sinuate epidermal cells of segment, flower bud. (H–I)—A. aucheri, oblong epidermal cells of segment, flower bud. (J–L)—A. virgata, polygonal cells of perianth tube (J–K) and oblong cells of segment edge (L), flower bud. Scale bar =30 μm for A, C, J; = 10 μm for B, D, F–I, K–L; = 50 μm for E. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 6 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 6. Perianths of Polygonum salicornioides (A), Bactria ovczinnikovii (B–C), Atraphaxis toktogulica (D–F), Atraphaxis virgata (D) and A. frutescens (H–I). Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 11 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 11. Abaxial perianth surface of Atraphaxis (SEM): (A–B)—A. manshurica, polygonal cells of tube (A) and oblong cells of segment (B), young flower. (C–D)—A. avenia, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube (C) and oblong cells of segment (D), young flower. (E–F)—A. seravschanica, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube (E) and sinuate cells of segment (F), flower bud. (G)—A. caucasica, perianth segment of mature flower. (H)—A. muschketowi, segment of mature flower. (I) A. laetevirens, segment of mature flower. (J–L)— A. billardierei, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube (J), sinuate cells of segment (K–L), flower bud. Scale bar = 30 μm for A–B, K–L; = 10 μm for C–J. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 9 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 9. Abaxial perianth surface of Bactria and Atraphaxis (SEM). (A–B)—B. ovczinnikovii, the outer segment with papillae at the edge. (C–D)—A. atraphaxiformis: perianth tube (C), papillae at segment edge (D). (E–I)—A. tortuosa: polygonal cells of perianth tube (E–F), perianth segment outside (G–H), and inside (I). (J–L)—A. toktogulica: perianth tube of flower bud (J), conical papillae at tube of mature flower (K) and flowerbud (L). Scale bar = 100 μm for A, E; = 30 μm for B–D, G, I–L; = 10 μm for F, H. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 2 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 2. Leaf blades (A–C, G–H) and ocreas (D–F, I) of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia: (A–D)—P. salicornioides, Kotschy 468, LE. (E–F)—P. dumosum, Kotschy 242, LE. (G–I)—ibid, Wendelbo 790, LE. Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 8 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 8. Leaf blade (A–B) and perianth (C–L) surface of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (SEM): (A–F)—P. dumosum (Kotschy 242, LE): leaf blade abaxially (A–B); perianth segments outside (C–F). (G–L)—P. aridum (Sawers and Kuh-Enhker, Haussknecht s.n. LE): perianth tube outside (G); middle part of perianth segment outside (H–I); the edge of perianth segment outside (J–K); perianth segment inside (L). Scale bar = 300 μm for A; = 30 μm for B–K; = 10 μm for L. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE. 1 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE. 1. Life history and shoots of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia: (A–C)—P. salicornioides, a dwarf undershrub with fleashy annual shoots (Kotschy 468, LE). (D–E)—P. spinosum, a dwarf shrub with lignified prickly shoots (Bornmüller 5083, LE). (F–G)—P. dumosum, a dwarf undershrub with wiry leafy annual shoots (Kotschy 242, LE). (H)—ibid (Wendelbo 790, LE). (I–J)—P. aridum, a dwarf shrub with wiry leafless annual shoots (Kuh-Enhker, Haussknecht s.n. LE). (K)—ibid (Sawers, Haussknecht s.n. LE). Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 4 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 4. Ocreas of Bactria and Atraphaxis: (A–C)—B. ovczinnikovii, Ukrainskaya et al. 12, MW. (D–F)—A. virgata, Gubanov 7227, MW. (G–H)—A. ariana, Gorelova s.n. LE. (I–J)—A. toktogulica, Ajdarova et al. s.n. LE. (K–M)—A. seravschanica, Boryaev & Gubanov 43, LE. Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 7 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 7. Perianth surface of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (SEM): (A–I)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE): papillate surface of perianth segments outside (A–D), perianth tube outside (E–F), and perianth segment inside (G–I). (J–L)—P. spinosum (Bornmüller 5083, LE): middle part of perianth segment outside (J), and papillate segment edge (K–L). Scale bar = 100 μm for A; = 300 μm for G; = 30 μm for B–D, H–L; =10 μm for E. Images: O.V.Yurtseva.
FIGURE 3 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 3. Ocreas and ocreolas of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia: (A–K)—P. dumosum, Kotschy 242, LE: (A–F)—ocreas (A– B, E–F) and lead blades (A, C–F) of vegetative part of shoot, (G-K)—ocreolas and reduced leaf blades. (L–M)—P. aridum, Sawers, Haussknecht s.n. LE: (L–M)—ocreas, (N–O)—ocreolas. (P–W)—P. salicornioides, Kotschy 468, LE: (P–S)—ocreas and a leaf blade of vegetative part of shoot, (T–W)—ocreolas. (X–Y)—P. spinosum, Bornmüller 5083, LE, leaf blades and ocreas of vegetative shoot. Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 5 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 5. Perianths of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia: (A–C)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE), perianth outside (A), inside (B), and segment outside (C). (D)—P. spinosum (Bornmüller 5083, LE). (E)—P. dumosum (Kotschy 242, LE); (F)—ibid, (Wendelbo 790, LE). (G–I)—P. aridum (Sawers, Haussknecht s.n. LE): mature flower (G); achene exserted from the perianth (H); young flower (I). Scale bar = 0.1 mm for C; = 0.2 mm for F, H; =0.5 mm for I; = 1 mm for the rest. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 4. Maximum parsimony 50 in Terraria haydenii (Thelypodieae, Brassicaceae), a new mustard genus and species from the West Desert region of North America's Great Basin
FIGURE 4. Maximum parsimony 50% majority-rule consensus tree obtained using trnL–F sequence data. Branches receiving>50% support are indicated and, if present, a second value corresponds to Jackknife support. Terraria haydenii and its inverted repeat (see text) are indicated in bold.
FIGURE 3. Maximum parsimony 50 in Terraria haydenii (Thelypodieae, Brassicaceae), a new mustard genus and species from the West Desert region of North America's Great Basin
FIGURE 3. Maximum parsimony 50% majority-rule consensus tree from 207 trees obtained using rbcL sequence data. Branches receiving>50% support are indicated in bold and with a value above. If present, a second value corresponds to Jackknife analysis support. The newly discovered plant is shown in bold. Tribes are indicated to the right with larger groupings (A-F) and lineages (I-III) (see Discussion for group and lineage comparisons).
FIGURE 1. Maximum parsimony reconstructed from the combined sequences RPB2 and TEF1 in New species of Trichoderma in the Harzianum, Longibrachiatum and Viride clades
FIGURE 1. Maximum parsimony reconstructed from the combined sequences RPB2 and TEF1, with the newly described species displayed in boldface. MPBP above 50% (left) and BIPP above 90% (right) are given at the nodes.
FIGURE 1B. Two most parsimonious cladograms obtained with the PAUP program for 49 oligochaete taxa and 68 in A monograph of the Oligochaete family Alluroididae
FIGURE 1B. Two most parsimonious cladograms obtained with the PAUP program for 49 oligochaete taxa and 68 characters. Moniligastridae are shown to be more basal than Alluroididae. Sparganophilidae appear more distant from Alluroididae. (From Jamieson (1988).
FIGURE 3. Statistical parsimony haplotype network constructed from 621 in Description of two new species of Rhamphus related to R. oxyacanthae (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Rhamphini) from Italy based on a morphological study supported by molecular data
FIGURE 3. Statistical parsimony haplotype network constructed from 621 bp of the mtCOI gene of Rhamphus bavierai n. sp. (GenBank accession number MW879286- MW879303). Circle sizes are proportional to haplotype frequency (for details see supplementary Table S1). Numbers in brackets above/beside the solid broken line represent the number of mutations connecting mitochondrial lineages.
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