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210 results for “population control”
Data from: Population dynamics of owned, free-roaming dogs: implications for rabies control
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Data from: Mesocosm experiments reveal the impact of mosquito control measures on malaria vector life history and population dynamics
The impact of control measures on mosquito vector fitness and demography is usually estimated from bioassays or indirect variables in the field. Whilst indicative, neither approach is sufficient to quantify the potentially complex response of mosquito populations to combined interventions. Here, large replicated mesocosms were used to measure the population-level response of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) when used in isolation, or combined with insecticidal eave louvers (EL), or treatment of cattle with the endectocide Ivermectin (IM). State-space models (SSM) were fit to these experimental data, revealing that LLIN introduction reduced adult mosquito survival by 91% but allowed population persistence. ELs provided no additional benefit, but IM reduced mosquito fecundity by 59% and nearly eliminated all populations when combined with LLINs. This highlights the value of IM for integrated vector control, and mesocosm population experiments combined with SSM for identifying optimal combinations for vector population elimination.
Data from: The effect of promoting current local research activities on large monitors on the population's interest in health-related research – a randomized controlled trial
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were threefold: to estimate people's interest in health-related research, to understand to what extent people appreciate being actively informed about current local health-related research and to investigate whether their interest can be influenced by advertising local current health-related research using large TV monitors. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial using a stepped wedge design. SETTING: The emergency department waiting room at two public hospitals in northern Queensland, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Waiting patients and their accompanying friends and relatives in the emergency department waiting room not requiring immediate medical attention. INTERVENTIONS: A TV monitor advertising local current health-related research. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratio for the effect of intervention on changing the interest in health-related research compared to a control group while adjusting for gender, age and socioeconomic standard. RESULTS: The intervention significantly increased the short-term interest in health-related research with an odds ratio of 1.3 (1.1-1.7, p=0.0063). We also noted that being female and being older was correlated to a higher interest in health-related research CONCLUSIONS: This study found that proactive information significantly increased the general populations' interest in health-related research. There are reasonable set up costs involved but the costs for maintaining the system were very low. Hence, it seems reasonable that research-active organizations should give much higher priority to this type of activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) with the registration number ACTRN12617001085369
Data from: Self-limiting population genetic control with sex-linked genome editors
In male heterogametic species the Y chromosome is transmitted solely from fathers to sons, and is selected for based only on its impacts on male fitness. This fact can be exploited to develop efficient pest control strategies that use Y-linked editors to disrupt the fitness of female descendants. With simple population genetic and dynamic models we show that Y-linked editors can be substantially more efficient than other self-limiting strategies and, while not as efficient as gene drive approaches, are expected to have less impact on non-target populations with which there is some gene flow. Efficiency can be further augmented by simultaneously releasing an autosomal X-shredder construct, in either the same or different males. Y-linked editors may be attractive option to consider when efficient control of a species is desired in some locales but not others.
Data from: Controlling population of the molecular rotational state and the alignment theoretically by tailored femtosecond laser pulse
We demonstrate that the population of the molecular rotational state through a stimulated impulsive Raman excitation can be controlled by tailoring the femtosecond laser pulse with a V-style phase modulation. The results show that, by precisely manipulating the modulation parameters, both the odd and even populations of the molecular rotational state can be completely suppressed or reconstructed. Meanwhile, the relative excitation between the odd and even populations can be obtained. Finally, we show that field-free molecular alignment can be controlled due to the modulation of the molecular rotational state populations.
Data from: Back and forth Wolbachia transfers reveal efficient strains to control spotted wing drosophila populations
1.Since its recent invasion of the European and American continents, the spotted wing Drosophila Drosophila suzukii has become a burden of the fruit industry. Armed with a highly sclerotized ovipositor, females can lay eggs in a wider variety of ripening and healthy fruits than other Drosophila species. Economic losses due to Drosophila suzukii reach millions of dollars annually and methods to control natural populations in the field mainly rely on the use of chemical pesticides. 2.We tested if Wolbachia bacteria represents a potential ally to control this pest. These symbionts are naturally present in many insects and often induce a form of conditional sterility called Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI): the offspring of infected males die, unless the eggs are rescued by the compatible infection, inherited from the mother that protects the embryo. A long-recognised, a strategy called the Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) makes use of the CI phenotype to control insect populations through the mass release of infected males. To implement this technique in D. suzukii, we used back and forth Wolbachia transfers between D. suzukii and D. simulans to identify Wolbachia strains that can sterilize D. suzukii females despite the presence of wSuz, a natural Wolbachia infection in this species. 3.We identified two Wolbachia strains as potential candidates for developing IIT in D. suzukii. Both induce a very high level of CI in this pest which is not attenuated by the presence of wSuz in females. Moreover, the newly transferred Wolbachia do not affect the fitness or the mating competitiveness of the sterilizing males. 4.Synthesis and applications. Although several critical steps still need to be tested and developed outside the laboratory to achieve the control of Drosophila suzukii using Incompatible Insect Technique. By an experimental approach in large population cage, we showed that releases of transinfected males limits population size. Thus, we provide in this study the proof of concept that this technique can be a very promising approach to control D. suzukii populations.
Data from: Large fluctuations in the effective population size of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. during vector control cycle
On Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, indoor residual spraying (IRS) has been part of the Bioko Island Malaria Control Project since early 2004. Despite success in reducing childhood infections, areas of high transmission remained on the island. We therefore examined fluctuations in the effective population size (N_e) of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae in an area of persistent high transmission over two spray rounds. We analyzed data for 13 microsatellite loci from 791 An. gambiae specimens collected at 6 time points in 2009 and 2010 and reconstructed the demographic history of the population during this period using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). Our analysis shows that IRS rounds have a big impact on N_e, reducing it by 65% to 92% from pre-spray round N_e. More importantly our analysis shows that after 3-5 months, the An. gambiae population rebounded by 2,818% compared to shortly following the spray round. Our study underscores the importance of adequate spray round frequency to provide continuous suppression of mosquito populations, and that increased spray round frequency should substantially improve the efficacy of IRS campaigns. It also demonstrates the ability of ABC to reconstruct a detailed demographic history across only a few tens of generations in a large population.
Data from: Notch and Nodal control expression of a forkhead factor in the specification network of a multipotent progenitor population in sea urchin
Indirect development, where embryogenesis gives rise to a larval form, requires that some cells retain developmental potency until they contribute to the different tissues in the adult, including the germ line, in a later, post-embryonic phase. In sea urchins, the coelomic pouches are the major contributor to the adult but how coelomic pouch cells (CPCs) are specified during embryogenesis is unknown. We here identify the key signaling inputs into the CPC specification network and show the forkhead factor foxY is the first transcription factor specifically expressed in CPC progenitors. Through dissection of its cis-regulatory apparatus we determine that the foxY expression pattern is the result of two signaling inputs: First, Delta/Notch signaling activates foxY in CPC progenitors and, second, Nodal signaling restricts its expression to the left side, where the adult rudiment will form, through direct repression by the Nodal target pitx2. A third signal, Hedgehog, is required for coelomic pouch morphogenesis and institution of laterality but does not directly affect foxY transcription. Knockdown of foxY results in failure to form coelomic pouches and disrupts expression of virtually all transcription factors known to be expressed in this cell type. Our experiments place foxY at the top of the regulatory hierarchy underlying specification of a cell type maintaining developmental potency.
Effect of a modified 5:2 intermittent fasting diet on population with overweight or obesity in China: A self-controlled clinical trial
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Supplementary material for Duruflé et al. "Natural variation in chalcone isomerase defines a major locus controlling growth variation between Populus nigra populations"
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Figure 4 from: Zhao L, Yi D, Li C, Sun D, Xu H, Gao T (2017) Phylogeography and population structure of - grypotus (Richardson, 1846) as revealed by mitochondrial control region sequences. ZooKeys 705: 143-158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.13001
Figure 4 - Observed and expected mismatch distribution under the sudden expansions model of the control region haplotypes in J. grypotus.
Figure 3 from: Zhao L, Yi D, Li C, Sun D, Xu H, Gao T (2017) Phylogeography and population structure of - grypotus (Richardson, 1846) as revealed by mitochondrial control region sequences. ZooKeys 705: 143-158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.13001
Figure 3 - Minimum spanning network showing genetic relationship among mtDNA control region haplotypes in J. grypotus (Circles represent haplotypes with sizes proportional to their respective frequencies. Tick marks represent deduced numbers of nucleotide substitutions along each branch)
Figure 2 from: Zhao L, Yi D, Li C, Sun D, Xu H, Gao T (2017) Phylogeography and population structure of - grypotus (Richardson, 1846) as revealed by mitochondrial control region sequences. ZooKeys 705: 143-158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.13001
Figure 2 - Phylogenetic tree of control region haplotypes constructed using neighbor-joining algorithms of J. grypotus.
Figure 5 from: Zhao L, Yi D, Li C, Sun D, Xu H, Gao T (2017) Phylogeography and population structure of - grypotus (Richardson, 1846) as revealed by mitochondrial control region sequences. ZooKeys 705: 143-158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.705.13001
Figure 5 - Bayesian skyline plots showing NefT (Nef=effective female population size; T=generation time) changes through time in J. grypotus populations. Black lines are median estimates of NefT; light lines represent the upper and lower 95% highest posterior density (HPD) limits of NefT.
Рис. 4. Àинамика гибеΛи гусениц коΛьчатого шеΛкопряΔа, собранных в районе УПН, соΔержащихся в Λабораторных усΛовиях. ВертикаΛьно: коΛичество погибших гусениц (% от чисΛа собранных за весь периоΔ иссΛеΔований в 2019 г. гусениц). ГоризонтаΛьно: Δата осмотра в Λаборатории. В правом верхнем угΛу графика: Δата сбора гусениц в районе УПН. — гибеΛь от вируса яΔерного поΛиэΔроза; — гибеΛь от бактериоза Fig. 4. Dynamics of death of the Lackey moth caterpillars collected at the SOM and kept in the laboratory, 2019. Vertical: number of deaths (percentage from the total number of caterpillars collected in 2019 (578 caterpillars)); horizontal: dates of laboratory controls. Upper right corner: collection date. — death from NPV; — death from bacteriosis in Lackey Moth (Malacosoma Neustria L., Lasiocampidae, Lepidoptera) Population During The Eruptive Phase
Рис. 4. Àинамика гибеΛи гусениц коΛьчатого шеΛкопряΔа, собранных в районе УПН, соΔержащихся в Λабораторных усΛовиях. ВертикаΛьно: коΛичество погибших гусениц (% от чисΛа собранных за весь периоΔ иссΛеΔований в 2019 г. гусениц). ГоризонтаΛьно: Δата осмотра в Λаборатории. В правом верхнем угΛу графика: Δата сбора гусениц в районе УПН. — гибеΛь от вируса яΔерного поΛиэΔроза; — гибеΛь от бактериоза Fig. 4. Dynamics of death of the Lackey moth caterpillars collected at the SOM and kept in the laboratory, 2019. Vertical: number of deaths (percentage from the total number of caterpillars collected in 2019 (578 caterpillars)); horizontal: dates of laboratory controls. Upper right corner: collection date. — death from NPV; — death from bacteriosis
Figure 3 in Molecular characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains to control Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) population
Figure 3 Dendrogram and matrix similarity produced by software Bionumerics using agarose gel image as input data and a bootstrap of 1,000 replicates to estimate strains distribution. Data construction was supported by Pearson's correlation between ERIC and REP sequences, UPGMA cluster analysis and Dice similarity coefficient test.
A Phase III Control Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of vYF in Pediatric Population
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07103148. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 0.
Efficacy Comparison Between Primary Care Physicians' Independent Auscultation and AI-assisted Auscultation for Congenital Heart Disease Screening in Patient-enriched Populations: a Randomized Controll
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06791096. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Effect of Continuous vs Intermittent Aerobic Exercise on Glycemic Control in a Barbadian Population With Type 2 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04006938. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 2.
Effectiveness of Pain Control and Adverse Reactions After Intravenous PCA in Chinese Population
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05884021. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 9.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.