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117 results for “pursuit”
Data from: Quantifying pursuit-diving seabirds' associations with fine-scale physical features in tidal stream environments
The rapid increase in the number of tidal stream turbine arrays will create novel and unprecedented levels of anthropogenic activity within habitats characterized by horizontal current speeds exceeding 2 ms−1. However, the potential impacts on pursuit-diving seabirds exploiting these tidal stream environments remain largely unknown. Identifying similarities between the fine-scale physical features (100s of metres) suitable for array installations, and those associated with foraging pursuit-diving seabirds, could identify which species are most vulnerable to either collisions with moving components, or displacement from these installations. A combination of vessel-based observational surveys, Finite Volume Community Ocean Model outputs and hydroacoustic seabed surveys provided concurrent measures of foraging distributions and physical characteristics at a fine temporal (15 min) and spatial (500 m) resolution across a tidal stream environment suitable for array installations, during both breeding and non-breeding seasons. These data sets were then used to test for associations between foraging pursuit-diving seabirds (Atlantic puffins Fratercula arctica, black guillemots Cepphus grylle, common guillemots Uria aalge, European shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis) and physical features. These species were associated with areas of fast horizontal currents, slow horizontal currents, high turbulence, downward vertical currents and also hard–rough seabeds. The identity and strength of associations differed among species, and also within species between seasons, indicative of interspecific and intraspecific variations in habitat use. However, Atlantic puffins were associated particularly strongly with areas of fast horizontal currents during breeding seasons, and European shags with areas of rough–hard seabeds and downward vertical currents during non-breeding seasons. Synthesis and applications. Atlantic puffins' strong association with fast horizontal current speeds indicates that they are particularly likely to interact with installations during breeding seasons. Any post-installation monitoring and mitigation measures should therefore focus on this species and season. The multi-species associations with high turbulence and downward vertical currents, which often coincide with fast horizontal current speeds, also highlight useful pre-installation mitigation measures via the omission of devices from these areas, reducing the overall likelihood of interactions. Environmental impact assessments (EIA) generally involve once-a-month surveys across 2-year periods. However, the approaches used in this study show that more focussed surveys can greatly benefit management strategies aiming to reduce the likelihood of negative impacts by facilitating the development of targeted mitigation measures. It is therefore recommended that these approaches contribute towards EIA within development sites.
Fig. 14 in Long-Legged Pursuit Carnivorans (Amphicyonidae, Daphoeninae) From The Early Miocene Of North America
Fig. 14. Elongate radii of (A) female and (B) male Borocyon neomexicanus, Standing Rock Quarry, Zia Sand Fm., Sandoval Co., New Mexico. Note large distal radial exostosis (arrow) of the male, a trait also present in Daphoenus vetus and Daphoenodon superbus but not developed in B. robustum despite a sample of eight radii from the Hemingford and Bridgeport Quarries. The single radius of Borocyon cf. B. robustum from Florida retains a small exostosis.
A sit-and-wait predator, but not an active-pursuit predator, alters pollinator-mediated selection on floral traits
<p>Indirect species interactions are ubiquitous in nature, often outnumbering direct species interactions. Yet despite evidence that indirect interactions have strong ecological effects, relatively little is known about whether they can shape adaptive evolution by altering the strength and/or direction of natural selection. We tested whether indirect interactions affect the strength and direction of pollinator-mediated selection on floral traits of the bumble-bee pollinated wildflower Lobelia siphilitica. We estimated the indirect effects of two pollinator predators with contrasting hunting modes: dragonflies (Aeshnidae and Corduliidae) and ambush bugs (Phymata americana, Reduviidae). Because dragonflies are active pursuit predators, we hypothesized that they would strengthen pollinator-mediated selection by weakening plant-pollinator interactions (i.e. a density-mediated indirect effect). In contrast, because ambush bugs are sit-and-wait predators, we hypothesized that they would weaken or reverse the direction of pollinator-mediated selection by altering pollinator foraging behavior (i.e. a trait-mediated indirect effect). Specifically, if ambush bugs hunt from plants with traits that attract pollinators (i.e. prey), then pollinators will spend less time visiting those plants, weakening or reversing the direction of selection on attractive floral traits. We did not find evidence that high dragonfly abundance strengthened selection on floral traits via a density-mediated indirect effect: neither pollen limitation (a proxy for the strength of plant-pollinator interactions) nor directional selection on floral traits of L. siphilitica differed significantly between high- and low-dragonfly abundance treatments. In contrast, we did find evidence that ambush bug presence affected selection on floral traits via a trait-mediated indirect effect: ambush bugs hunted from L. siphilitica plants with larger daily floral displays, reversing the direction of pollinator-mediated selection on daily display size. These results suggest that indirect species interactions have the potential to shape adaptive evolution by altering natural selection.</p>
Spatial localization during open-loop smooth pursuit
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Numerous previous studies have shown that eye movements induce errors in the localization of briefly flashed stimuli. Remarkably, the error pattern is indicative of the underlying eye movement and the exact experimental condition. For smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) and the slow phase of the optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), perceived stimulus locations are shifted in the direction of the ongoing eye movement, with a hemifield asymmetry observed only during SPEM. During the slow phases of the optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN), however, the error pattern can be described as a perceptual expansion of space. Different from SPEM and OKN, the OKAN is an open-loop eye movement.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Visually guided smooth pursuit can be transformed into an open–loop eye movement by briefly blanking the pursuit target (gap). Here, we examined flash localization during open-loop pursuit and asked, whether localization is also prone to errors and whether these are similar to those found during SPEM or during OKAN. Human subjects tracked a pursuit target. In half of the trials, the target was extinguished for 300 ms (gap) during the steady–state, inducing open–loop pursuit. Flashes were presented during this gap or during steady–state (closed–loop) pursuit.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> In both conditions, perceived flash locations were shifted in the direction of the eye movement. The overall error pattern was very similar with error size being slightly smaller in the gap condition. The differences between errors in the open- and closed-loop conditions were largest in the central visual field and smallest in the periphery.</p> <p><strong>Discussion:</strong> We discuss the findings in light of the neural substrates driving the different forms of eye movements.</p>
Data from: A water-borne pursuit-deterrent signal deployed by a sea urchin
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Data from: Non-adaptive female pursuit of extra-pair copulations can evolve through hitchhiking
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Data from: Dynamic visual cues induce jaw opening and closing by tiger beetles during pursuit of prey
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Data from: Quantifying pursuit-diving seabirds' associations with fine-scale physical features in tidal stream environments
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
A sit-and-wait predator, but not an active-pursuit predator, alters pollinator-mediated selection on floral traits
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Data from Dowiasch et al. (2020) Nonretinocentric Localization of Successively Presented Flashes During Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements
<p>Dataset associated with the following publication:</p> <p>Dowiasch S, Meyer-Stender S, Klingenhoefer S, Bremmer F. Nonretinocentric localization of successively presented flashes during smooth pursuit eye movements. <em>J Vis</em>. 2020;20(4):8. doi:10.1167/jov.20.4.8</p>
Assessing the Reliability of Smooth Pursuit Across Various Neck Postures Using a Custom Ocular Motor Detection System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06634576. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
PURSUIT: A Technologically Augmented School-based Program to Improve Child Coping and Prevent Substance Use.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07266740. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Pathways, a Hope Intervention to Support Personal Goal Pursuit, Mental Health, and Quality of Life During Advanced Lung Cancer Treatment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06047301. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Pursuit: Real World Use of the Eclipse System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03940573. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Exhaustive drug repurposing strategies support the pursuit of new chemical entities for the development of effective COVID-19 interventions
GEO Series GSE168095. Mesocricetus auratus. 10 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Characterization of molecular response to Golimumab in Ulcerative Colitis by mucosal biopsy mRNA expression profiling: results from PURSUIT-SC induction study
GEO Series GSE92415. Homo sapiens. 183 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Highly Scalable Matching Pursuit Signal Decomposition Algorithm
In this research, we propose a variant of the classical Matching Pursuit Decomposition (MPD) algorithm with significantly improved scalability and computational performance. MPD is a powerful iterative algorithm that decomposes a signal into linear combinations of its dictionary elements or “atoms”. A best fit atom from an arbitrarily defined dictionary is determined through cross-correlation. The selected atom is subtracted from the signal and this procedure is repeated on the residual in the subsequent iterations until a stopping criteria is met. A sufficiently large dictionary is required for an accurate reconstruction; this in return increases the computational burden of the algorithm, thus limiting its applicability and level of adoption. Our main contribution lies in improving the computational efficiency of the algorithm to allow faster decomposition while maintaining a similar level of accuracy. The Correlation Thresholding and Multiple Atom Extractions techniques were proposed to decrease the computational burden of the algorithm. Correlation thresholds prune insignificant atoms from the dictionary. The ability to extract multiple atoms within a single iteration enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of each iteration. The proposed algorithm, entitled MPD++, was demonstrated using real world data set.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.