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486 results for “water use”
Data from: Testing the heat treatment dose for Agrilus planipennis prepupae using the Humble water bath
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Salicaceae endophyte inoculation alters stomatal patterning and improves the intrinsic water-use efficiency of Populus trichocarpa after a water-deficit
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Hedonic Modeling Data for Land Use Regulations and Water Quality in Buncombe County, N.C.
The State of North Carolina's Water Supply Watershed Protection Act of 1989 required local governments to adopt land use measures selected watersheds to protect the water supply emanating from those watersheds. We examine vacant land prices in and around the Ivy River watershed of Buncombe County, NC, at the time such regulation took effect in 1998. Our results suggest that costs of watershed development restrictions are borne primarily by those vacant land owners in the watershed for whom the development restrictions make land subdivision infeasible. We find benefits accruing to land owners on the public water supply or who are adjacent to creeks.
LCI data for materials and processes comparing energy and water use of aqueous and gas-based metalworking fluids
<p>Datasets containing life cycle inventories for materials and processes, and results of the analysis in the article titled, "Comparing energy and water use of aqueous and gas-based metalworking fluids" published in the <em>Journal of Industrial Ecology.</em></p>
The observed data used in paper titled "A hydrographic method to identify groundwater net recharge, barometric effect, and evapotranspiration from a complicated semidiurnal water table fluctuation"
<p>The water level and atmospheric pressure within the monitoring well located the semi-arid loess hilly-gully region on the piedmont of western Shaanxi Province, China (34°18′36″ N, 107°07′55″ E), were automatically monitored at 20-min intervals by the Levelogger and Barologger, respectively. These data were used as a case example to state a method of estimating groundwater net recharge rate, barometric efficiency and hourly-scaled groundwater evapotranspiration rate.</p>
Experimental data used in "Watertable fluctuation-induced variability in the water retention curve: Sand column experiments"
<p>Experimental data used in "Watertable fluctuation-induced variability in the water retention curve: Sand column experiments"</p>
High water use in desert plants exposed to extreme heat
<p>Many plant water use models predict leaves maximize carbon assimilation while minimizing water loss via transpiration. Alternate scenarios may occur at high temperature, including heat avoidance, where leaves increase water loss to evaporatively cool regardless of carbon uptake; or heat failure, where leaves non-adaptively lose water also regardless of carbon uptake. We hypothesized that these alternative scenarios are common in species exposed to hot environments, with heat avoidance more common in species with high construction-cost leaves. Diurnal measurements of leaf gas exchange and temperature for 11 Sonoran Desert species revealed 37% of these species increased transpiration in the absence of increased carbon uptake. High leaf mass per area partially predicted this behavior (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.39). These data are consistent with heat avoidance and heat failure, but failure is less likely given the ecological dominance of the focal species. These behaviors are not yet captured in any extant plant water use model.</p> <p> </p>
Crop production and water use variables of Canarian farms
<p>This database is part of the Deliverable 6.7 ‘<a href="https://magic-nexus.eu/documents/deliverable-d67-alternative-water-sources-innovation">Quality Check on the innovation alternative water resources</a>’ of the Horizon 2020 project MAGIC (GA689669) and of the related publication: Monterrey-Viña A, Musicki-Savic A, Díaz-Peña FJ & Peñate-Suárez B (2020), 'Technical and agronomical assessment of the use of desalinated seawater for coastal irrigation in an insular context', <em>Water </em>12(1), 272, doi: 10.3390/w12010272.</p> <p>The database contains two datasets with farm agricultural and water management descriptive variables in two agricultural areas of Gran Canaria and Tenerife, Canary Islands. </p>
The observed data used in paper titled "An analytic method for calculating parameters of the van Genuchten model for soil water retention curve"
<p>In the file, the 46 soil samples from UNSODA were used to test the proposed method of estimating the parameters of VG model, including the physical and hydraulic properties data, PSD, SWRC, saturated hydraulic conductivity, porosity and saturated water content. Also, this data file includes some process data and results data, <em>D</em><sub><em>i</em>, psd</sub>, predicted <em>K<sub>s</sub></em> , the data relate to <em>a </em>and <em>n </em>and sensitivity analysis.</p>
Data for: Free-Breathing Water, Fat, R2∗ and B0 Field Mapping of the Liver Using Multi-Echo Radial FLASH and Regularized Model-based Reconstruction (MERLOT)
<p>Data for our manuscript with title "Free-Breathing Water, Fat, R2∗ and B0 Field Mapping of the Liver Using Multi-Echo Radial FLASH and Regularized Model-based Reconstruction (MERLOT)"</p>
Data from: Water for African elephants (Loxodonta Africana): faecal microbial loads affect use of artificial waterholes
In semi-arid protected areas artificial waterholes ensure that water is locally available to animals for extended periods. However, artificial waterholes may limit animal movement, which contributes towards habitat deterioration. Challenges of artificial water provisioning worsen in the presence of ecosystem engineers like African elephants Loxodonta africana, capable of transforming environments. Camera traps were used to monitor elephant visitation at 21 artificial waterholes in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. We also assessed if water quality parameters influenced elephant preference for certain waterholes. There were no significant correlations between elephant abundance and water physicochemical properties. However, there was a strong negative correlation between elephant abundance and levels of Escherichia coli in water. Our findings suggest that elephants avoid drinking water with high levels of faecal microbial loads. Whereas most studies addressing animal management in protected areas consider waterholes as homogeneous units, we posit that water quality could also determine local landscape use and movement patterns of key species like elephants, a finding with relevant implications in reserve management practices.
Data from: Species-specific variation in germination rates contributes to spatial coexistence more than adult plant water use in four closely-related annual flowering plants
1. Spatial partitioning is a classic hypothesis to explain plant species coexistence, but evidence linking local environmental variation to spatial sorting, demography, and species' traits is sparse. If co-occurring species' performance is optimized differently along environmental gradients because of trait variation, then spatial variation might facilitate coexistence. 2. We used a system of four naturally co-occurring species of Clarkia (Onagraceae) to ask if distribution patchiness corresponds to variation in two environmental variables that contribute to hydrological variation. We then reciprocally sowed Clarkia into each patch type and measured demographic rates in the absence of congeneric competition. Species sorted in patches along one or both gradients, and in three of the four species, germination rate in the "home" patch was higher than all other patches. 3. Spatially variable germination resulted in the same three species exhibiting the highest population growth rates in their home patches. 4. Species' trait values related to plant water use, as well as indicators of water stress in home patches, differed among species and corresponded to home patch attributes. However, post-germination survival did not vary among species or between patch types, and fecundity did not vary spatially. 5. Synthesis Our research demonstrates the likelihood that within-community spatial heterogeneity affects plant species coexistence, and presents novel evidence that differential performance in space is explained by what happens in the germination stage. Despite the seemingly obvious link between adult plant water-use and variation in the environment, our results distinguish the germination stage as important for spatially variable population performance.
Data from: Comparative water use by maize, perennial crops, restored prairie, and poplar trees in the US Midwest
Water use by plant communities across years of varying water availability indicates how terrestrial water balances will respond to climate change and variability as well as to land cover change. Perennial biofuel crops, likely grown mainly on marginal lands of limited water availability, provide an example of a potentially extensive future land cover conversion. We measured growing-season evapotranspiration (ET) based on daily changes in soil profile water contents in five perennial systems—switchgrass, miscanthus, native grasses, restored prairie, and hybrid poplar—and in annual maize (corn) in a temperate humid climate (Michigan, USA). Three study years (2010, 2011 and 2013) had normal growing-season rainfall (480–610 mm) whereas 2012 was a drought year (210 mm). Over all four years, mean (±SEM) growing-season ET for perennial systems did not greatly differ from corn (496 ± 21 mm), averaging 559 (±14), 458 (±31), 573 (±37), 519 (±30), and 492 (±58) mm for switchgrass, miscanthus, native grasses, prairie, and poplar, respectively. Differences in biomass production largely determined variation in water use efficiency (WUE). Miscanthus had the highest WUE in both normal and drought years (52–67 and 43 kg dry biomass ha−1 mm−1, respectively), followed by maize (40–59 and 29 kg ha−1 mm−1); the native grasses and prairie were lower and poplar was intermediate. That measured water use by perennial systems was similar to maize across normal and drought years contrasts with earlier modeling studies and suggests that rain-fed perennial biomass crops in this climate have little impact on landscape water balances, whether replacing rain-fed maize on arable lands or successional vegetation on marginal lands. Results also suggest that crop ET rates, and thus groundwater recharge, streamflow, and lake levels, may be less sensitive to climate change than has been assumed.
Data from: Plant water use affects competition for nitrogen: why drought favors invasive species in California
Classic resource competition theory typically treats resource supply rates as independent; however, nutrient supplies can be affected by plants indirectly, with important consequences for model predictions. We demonstrate this general phenomenon by using a model in which competition for nitrogen is mediated by soil moisture, with competitive outcomes including coexistence and multiple stable states as well as competitive exclusion. In the model, soil moisture regulates nitrogen availability through soil moisture dependence of microbial processes, leaching, and plant uptake. By affecting water availability, plants also indirectly affect nitrogen availability and may therefore alter the competitive outcome. Exotic annual species from the Mediterranean have displaced much of the native perennial grasses in California. Nitrogen and water have been shown to be potentially limiting in this system. We parameterize the model for a Californian grassland and show that soil moisture–mediated competition for nitrogen can explain the annual species' dominance in drier areas, with coexistence expected in wetter regions. These results are concordant with larger biogeographic patterns of grassland invasion in the Pacific states of the United States, in which annual grasses have invaded most of the hot, dry grasslands in California but perennial grasses dominate the moister prairies of northern California, Oregon, and Washington.
Bridging the flux gap: sap flow measurements reveal species-specific patterns of water-use in a tallgrass prairie
<p>Predicting the hydrological consequences following changes in grassland vegetation type (i.e., woody encroachment) requires an understanding of water flux dynamics at high spatiotemporal resolution for predominant species within grassland communities. However, grassland fluxes are typically measured at the leaf or landscape scale, which inhibits our ability to predict how individual species contribute to changing ecosystem fluxes. We used external heat balance sap flow sensors and a hierarchical Bayesian state-space modeling approach to bridge this "flux-gap" and estimate continuous species-level water flux in common tallgrass prairie species. Specifically, we asked: 1) How do diurnal and nocturnal water fluxes differ among woody and herbaceous plants? (2) How sensitive are woody and herbaceous species to environmental drivers of diurnal and nocturnal water flux? We highlight three results: (1) <i>Cornus drummondii</i>, the primary woody encroacher in this grassland, exhibited the greatest canopy-level water loss, (2) nocturnal transpiration was a large component of the water lost in this ecosystem and was driven primarily by C<sub>4</sub> grasses and <i>C. drummondii</i>, and (3) the sensitivity of canopy transpiration to environmental drivers varies among plant functional types and throughout a 24-hour period. Our data reveal important insights regarding the water-use strategies of woody versus herbaceous species in tallgrass prairies, and about the potential hydrological consequences of ongoing woody encroachment. We suggest that the high, static flux rates observed in woody species will likely deplete deep water stores over time, potentially creating hydrological deficits in grasslands experiencing woody encroachment and concomitantly increasing the vulnerability of these ecosystems to drought.</p>
Evaluating and Improving Snow in the National Water Model, using Observations from the New York State Mesonet
This dataset repository contains the dataset that supports the study of Minder et al. (2024): Evaluating and Improving Snow in the National Water Model, using Observations from the New York State Mesonet. The datasets in this archive include output from distributed simulations of the WRF Hydro model, output from point simulations with the Noah-MP land surface model, and manual and automated snow water equivalent (SWE) observations at New York State Mesonet (NYSM) station locations. The formatting and file naming conventions for each dataset are described in detail in the minder_etal_NWM_snow_dataset_ReadMe.pdf file.
Dataset for "Mapping Water Flow Pathways in the Fengjiaping Landslide Using Self-Potential and Electrical Resistivity Tomography"
<p>This dataset includes soil temperature, moisture, and electrical conductivity measurements taken at a depth of approximately 50 cm, as well as the digital elevation model, electrical resistivity tomography, and self-potential data used in the manuscript "Mapping Water Flow Pathways in the Fengjiaping Landslide Using Self-Potential and Electrical Resistivity Tomography" submitted to <em>Comptes Rendus Geoscience</em>.</p>
Circum-Antarctic data used in "Tipping point behaviour of ice-sheet grounding-zone melting due to ocean water intrusion" by Bradley and Hewitt
<p>The file 'Antarctica-data.mat' contains the following fields:</p><p>'x' [units: m] x position of grid points</p><p>'y' [units m] y position of grid points</p><p>'tf_max' [units: C] maximum thermal forcing from Adusumilli et al. 2020 (doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0616-z)</p><p>'H' [units: m] ice thickness from Bedmachine V3</p><p>'B' [units: m] bed elevation from Bedmachine V3</p><p>'mask' [units: n/a] Bedmachine V3 mask</p><p>'isedge' [units: n/a] Logical array with 1 corresponding to edges of ice shelves and 0 otherwise</p><p>'isgl' [units: n/a] Logical array with 1 corresponding to grounding line points and 0 otherwise</p><p>'isfront' [units: n/a] Logical array with 1 corresponding to ice fronts and 0 otherwise</p><p>'vx' [units: m/a] Ice velocity in the x-direction from ITS_LIVE 240m mosaic</p><p>'vy' [units: m/a] Ice velocity in the y-direction from ITS_LIVE 240m mosaic</p>
GNSS-IR data for "Real-time water levels using GNSS-IR: a potential tool for flood monitoring"
<p>Organised SNR data used for GNSS-IR analysis in the article "Real-time water levels using GNSS-IR: a potential tool for flood monitoring" by David Purnell, Natalya Gomez, William Minarik and Gregory Langston.</p><p> </p><p>The directories 'rv3s' and 'sjdlr' contain SNR data corresponding to sites Trois-Rivières and Saint-Joseph-de-la-Rive, respectively.</p><p> </p><p>Software for processing the data can be found at: https://github.com/purnelldj/gnssir_rt</p><p> </p><p>SNR data is given as text files in the format specified here except for columns 4+:</p><p>https://gnssrefl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pages/file_structure.html#the-snr-data-format</p><p>columns:</p><p>1. sat PRN with an offset such that GLONASS satellites are between 100-200 and Galileo are between 200-300</p><p>2. satellite elevation (degrees)</p><p>3. azi is satellite azimuth (degrees)</p><p>4. GPS time (seconds since 1980)</p><p>5. L1 SNR</p>
Data supporting "Lessons learned from multi-objective automatic optimizations of classical three-site rigid water models using microscopic and macroscopic target experimental observables"
<p>This repository contains the set of data and the code to reproduce the results shown in "Lessons learned from multi-objective automatic optimizations of classical three-site rigid water models using microscopic and macroscopic target experimental observables" published on Journal of Chemical Engineering and Data (DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.3c00538).</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.