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opencc-by-4.0Nov 2019View details →

MERIS FRS L2 CDOM absorption monthly climatology Western Baltic Sea

MERIS FRS L2 (full resolution level 2) product from 2003 to 2012 was used to create a monthly climatology of CDOM absorption for the Western Baltic Sea region. The MERIS FRS L2 product was processed with the C2RCC algorithm (Doerffer and Schiller, 2007) which has been trained with data-sets from European coastal waters. Full details of the post processing of the MERIS data into a climatology can be found in Röhrenbach (Bachelor Thesis, 2019). A monthly climatology for the complete time frame of the MERIS archive was created and includes the mean value, standard deviation and number of observations for each point.

dryad32/100

Data for: Higher abundance of adult pike in Baltic Sea coastal areas adjacent to restored wetlands compared to reference bays

The abundance of pike, a keystone top-predator, has declined dramatically in the Baltic Sea since the 1990s likely owing to recruitment failure. It has been proposed that wetland restoration can aid the recovery of the pike stock by increasing the number of recruits produced by anadromous populations. Yet, no previous studies have addressed whether wetland restorations are associated with higher abundances of adult pike in the coastal habitat. To address this, we performed standardised rod-and-reel survey fishing in paired bays with and without wetlands across three coastal areas and three years. To estimate dispersal and the contribution of wetland pike to the coastal stock, we tagged captured pike with passive integrated responders (PIT) and employed PIT-reader stations in wetland inlets. The results showed that pike abundances were on average 90% higher in bays with an adjacent wetland although the effect varied among areas. Moreover, PIT-data uncovered that wetland pike constituted a high proportion of the pike found in adjacent coastal habitats and that some wetland fish dispersed up to 10 km. These results support that wetland restoration is a valuable tool to aid the coastal pike stock and ultimately restore the function and services of the coastal ecosystem.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Seasonality and strain specificity drive rapid co-evolution in a Ostreococcus-virus system from the Western Baltic Sea

Marine viruses are a major driver of phytoplankton mortality and thereby influence biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other nutrients. Phytoplankton-targeting viruses are important components of ecosystem dynamics, but broad-scale experimental investigations of host-virus interactions remain scarce. Here, we investigated in detail a picophytoplankton (size 1 µm) host’s responses to infections by species-specific viruses from distinct geographical regions and different sampling seasons. Specifically, we used Ostreococcus tauri and O. mediterraneus and their viruses (size ca. 100 nm). Ostreococcus sp. are globally distributed and, like other picoplankton species, play an important role in coastal ecosystems at certain times of the year. Further, Ostreococcus sp. are model organisms, and the Ostreococcus-virus system is well-known in marine biology. However, only few studies have researched its evolutionary biology and the implications thereof for ecosystem dynamics. The Ostreococcus strains used here stem from different regions of the Southwestern Baltic Sea that vary in salinity and temperature and were obtained during several cruises spanning different sampling seasons. Using an experimental cross-infection set-up, we explicitly confirm species and strain specificity in Ostreococcus sp. from the Baltic Sea. Moreover, we found the timing of virus-host co-existence, was driver of infection patterns as well. In combination, these findings prove that host-virus co-evolution can be rapid in natural systems.

FIGURES 5–7 in News from Baltic amber: a new tribe of extinct Paleogene ironclad beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Zopherinae)

FIGURES 5–7. Representatives of the tribe Zopheromimini trib. nov. (microphotographs): 5—head of Zopheromimus auriborussiensis; 6—abdomen of Z. auriborussiensis; 7—abdomen of Yantaroxenos colydioides. Abbreviations: mem— membranes between non-connate ventrites; pag—preapical groove on abdominal ventrite 5.

FIGURES 3–4 in News from Baltic amber: a new tribe of extinct Paleogene ironclad beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Zopherinae)

FIGURES 3–4. Zopheromimus auriborussiensis sp. nov., holotype, No KAM 8325/2, forebody, ventro-lateral view: 3— microphotograph; 4—schematic drawing. Abbreviations: A2—antennomere 2 (as long as antennomere 3); E—eye (lateral, hemispherical); PH—prothoracic hypomeron (not grooved); PC—procoxal cavity (externally closed); AP—abdominal procoxal process (triangular).

FIGURES 1–2 in News from Baltic amber: a new tribe of extinct Paleogene ironclad beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Zopherinae)

FIGURES 1–2. Zopheromimus auriborussiensis sp. nov., holotype, No KAM 8325/2: 1—habitus, dorso-lateral view; 2— habitus, ventro-lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber

FIGURE 2. Ephedrus carsteni sp. nov. (holotype, female, Baltic amber, GPIH N. 5080) (A) Wings, photo. (B) Fore wing, figure. (C) Apex of metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, lateral view, photo. (D) Apex of metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, lateral view, figure. Cells of the fore wing: 1—radial (marginal), 2a and 2b—first and second radiomedial (submarginal), 3—discoidal (discal), 4—brachial (subdiscal), 5—medial (basal), 6—submedial (subbasal).

FIGURE 1 in A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber

FIGURE 1. Ephedrus carsteni sp. nov. (holotype, female, Baltic amber, GPIH N. 5080) (A) Habitus, lateral view. (B) Body (head, mesosoma and metasoma), dorso-lateral view. (C) Propodeum, metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, dorso-lateral view.

FIGURE 6 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 6. Malthodes (Libertimalthodes) betseyae sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787827). A, Dorsal view. B, Ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 1. Sucinorhagonycha maryae sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787823). A, Dorsal view. B, Dorso-lateral view. C, Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 2. Podistra madelineae sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787824). A, B, Lateral views, scale bars = 0.5 mm. C, Dorsal view, scale bar = 0.5 mm. D, Detail of last abdominal segments, scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 8. Malthodes (Malthodes) greenwalti sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787828). Line drawing of the last abdominal segments, scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 7. Malthodes (Malthodes) greenwalti sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787828). A, Dorso-lateral view, scale bar = 0.5 mm. B, Lateral view, scale bar = 0.5 mm. C, Detail of last sternites, scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Detail of last sternites, scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 4. Malthinus (Malthinus) karenpankowskiae sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787825). A, Detail of head and pronotum. B, Detail of head and metasternum. Scale bars = 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Six new species of fossil soldier beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

FIGURE 3. Malthinus (Malthinus) karenpankowskiae sp. nov. in Baltic amber. Holotype (USNM PAL 787825). A, Dorsal view. B, Detail of head and pronotum. C, Lateral view. D, Ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 5 in Seasonal variation of phenolic compounds in Zostera marina (Zosteraceae) from the Baltic Sea

Fig. 5. Amounts of individual flavonoids A), total flavonoids B), total phenolic acids C) and total phenolics D) in leaves of Zostera. Marina.

Fig. 4 in Seasonal variation of phenolic compounds in Zostera marina (Zosteraceae) from the Baltic Sea

Fig. 4. Chemical structure and HMBC key correlations of the methanolysis derivative 22 of 7′′,8′′ -didehydrosalvianolic acid B.

Fig. 1 in Seasonal variation of phenolic compounds in Zostera marina (Zosteraceae) from the Baltic Sea

Fig. 1. HPLC profile of crude water-methanol (1:1) leaf extracts of Zostera marina collected in Kiel coast. Compound numbers correspond to compounds in Fig. 2. Column: Phenomenex Luna Omega C18, 1.6 μm, 100 × 2.1 mm column; mobile phase A: 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid in water; mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile; linear gradient: 0 min 10% B, 25 min 20% B, 40 min 50% B, 40.1 min 10% B, 55 min 10% B, stop; flow rate: 0.200 ml/min; injection volume: 5 μl; oven temperature: 30 ◦ C.

Fig. 6 in Seasonal variation of phenolic compounds in Zostera marina (Zosteraceae) from the Baltic Sea

Fig. 6. Relative content (%) of flavonoids A) and phenolic acids B) detected for each sampling period.

Fig. 2 in Seasonal variation of phenolic compounds in Zostera marina (Zosteraceae) from the Baltic Sea

Fig. 2. Structures of the flavonoids found in Zostera species. 1, apigenin; 2, apigenin 7-O-sulfate; 3, apigenin 7-O-glucoside; 4, apigenin 7-O-(6′′ -malonyl) glucoside; 5, luteolin; 6, luteolin 3′-O-sulfate; 7, luteolin 7-O-glucoside; 8, luteolin 7-O-(6′′ -malonyl) glucoside; 9, luteolin 7-O-sulfate; 10, luteolin 7,3′-O-disulfate; 11, diosmetin; 12, chrysoeriol; 13, diosmetin 3′-O-sulfate; 14, diosmetin 7-O-(6′′ -malonyl) glucoside; 15, diosmetin 7-O-sulfate; 16, chrysoeriol 7-O-sulfate; 17, diosmetin 7,3′-O-disulfate; 18, zosteric acid; 19, caffeic acid; 20, rosmarinic acid; 21, 7′′,8′′ -didehydrosalvianolic acid B.