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2,576 results for “host species”
Data from: Host species and environmental effects on bacterial communities associated with Drosophila in the laboratory and in the natural environment
The fruit fly Drosophila is a classic model organism to study adaptation as well as the relationship between genetic variation and phenotypes. Although associated bacterial communities might be important for many aspects of Drosophila biology, knowledge about their diversity, composition, and factors shaping them is limited. We used 454-based sequencing of a variable region of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene to characterize the bacterial communities associated with wild and laboratory Drosophila isolates. In order to specifically investigate effects of food source and host species on bacterial communities, we analyzed samples from wild Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans collected from a variety of natural substrates, as well as from adults and larvae of nine laboratory-reared Drosophila species. We find no evidence for host species effects in lab-reared flies; instead, lab of origin and stochastic effects, which could influence studies of Drosophila phenotypes, are pronounced. In contrast, the natural Drosophila–associated microbiota appears to be predominantly shaped by food substrate with an additional but smaller effect of host species identity. We identify a core member of this natural microbiota that belongs to the genus Gluconobacter and is common to all wild-caught flies in this study, but absent from the laboratory. This makes it a strong candidate for being part of what could be a natural D. melanogaster and D. simulans core microbiome. Furthermore, we were able to identify candidate pathogens in natural fly isolates.
Data from: Genetic architecture of resistance in Daphnia hosts against two species of host-specific parasites
Understanding the genetic architecture of host resistance is key for understanding the evolution of host–parasite interactions. Evolutionary models often assume simple genetics based on few loci and strong epistasis. It is unknown, however, whether these assumptions apply to natural populations. Using a quantitative trait loci (QTL) approach, we explore the genetic architecture of resistance in the crustacean Daphnia magna to two of its natural parasites: the horizontally transmitted bacterium Pasteuria ramosa and the horizontally and vertically transmitted microsporidium Hamiltosporidium tvaerminnensis. These two systems have become models for studies on the evolution of host–parasite interactions. In the QTL panel used here, Daphnia's resistance to P. ramosa is controlled by a single major QTL (which explains 50% of the observed variation). Resistance to H. tvaerminnensis horizontal infections shows a signature of a quantitative trait based in multiple loci with weak epistatic interactions (together explaining 38% variation). Resistance to H. tvaerminnensis vertical infections, however, shows only one QTL (explaining 13.5% variance) that colocalizes with one of the QTLs for horizontal infections. QTLs for resistance to Pasteuria and Hamiltosporidium do not colocalize. We conclude that the genetics of resistance in D. magna are drastically different for these two parasites. Furthermore, we infer that based on these and earlier results, the mechanisms of coevolution differ strongly for the two host–parasite systems. Only the Pasteuria–Daphnia system is expected to follow the negative frequency-dependent selection (Red Queen) model. How coevolution works in the Hamiltosporidium–Daphnia system remains unclear.
Figure 17 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 17. Brueelia tenebrosa sp. nov. ex Passerella iliaca (Merrem 1786). (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 16 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 16. Brueelia melospizae sp. nov. ex Melospiza melodia fallax (Baird 1854). (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (C) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 15 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 15. Brueelia melospizae sp. nov. ex Melospiza melodia fallax (Baird 1854). (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 14 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 14. Brueelia cassiopeia sp. nov. ex Spizella passerina arizonae Coues 1872. (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 13 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 13. Brueelia cassiopeia sp. nov. ex Spizella passerina arizonae Coues 1872. (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 18 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 18. Brueelia tenebrosa sp. nov. ex Passerella iliaca (Merrem 1786). (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 12 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 12. Brueelia chlorurae sp. nov. ex Pipilo chlorurus (Audubon 1839). (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 10 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 10. Brueelia canyonica sp. nov. ex Melozone fusca (Swainson 1827). (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 11 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 11. Brueelia chlorurae sp. nov. ex Pipilo chlorurus (Audubon 1839). (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 9 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 9. Brueelia canyonica sp. nov. ex Melozone fusca (Swainson 1827). (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 2 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 2. Brueelia vulgata (Kellogg 1896) ex Junco hyemalis hyemalis (Linnaeus 1758). (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 8 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 8. Brueelia californica sp. nov. ex Melozone crissalis (Vigors 1839). (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 6 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 6. Brueelia hesperides sp. nov. ex Pooecetes gramineus confinis Baird 1858. (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 3 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 3. Brueelia angustifrons (Carriker 1902) ex Chondestes grammacus strigatus Swainson 1827. (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 1 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 1. Brueelia vulgata (Kellogg 1896) ex Junco hyemalis hyemalis (Linnaeus 1758). (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 4 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 4. Brueelia angustifrons (Carriker 1902) ex Chondestes grammacus strigatus Swainson 1827. (a) male head, dorsal and ventral views; (b) male genitalia, dorsal view (c) male mesosome, ventral view; (d) male paramere, dorsal view; (e) female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view.
Figure 7 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 7. Brueelia californica sp. nov. ex Melozone crissalis (Vigors 1839). (A) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 5 in Descriptions of seven new species of Brueelia Kéler 1936 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from North American sparrows (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae), and review of host use by Brueelia vulgata
Figure 5. Brueelia hesperides sp. nov. ex Pooecetes gramineus confinis Baird 1858. (a) male habitus, dorsal and ventral views; (b) female habitus, dorsal and ventral views.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.