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1,245 results for “hypothesis”
APE1 controls DICER expression through functional regulation of miRNA33a: a novel hypothesis for NSCLC cancer progression
GEO Series GSE166750. Homo sapiens. 14 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Non-coding RNA profiling by array.
Gene expression alterations in the postmortem hippocampus from older patients with bipolar disorder – a hypothesis generating study
GEO Series GSE210064. Homo sapiens. 22 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Zebularine effect on mouse embryonic stem cells manifested as cardiod-myogenic potential: testable hypothesis generation using microarray data
GEO Series GSE29072. Mus musculus. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Human macrophages response depends on the infectious agent: is this null hypothesis (H0) an unquestionable dogma?
GEO Series GSE69964. Homo sapiens. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
APE1 controls DICER1 expression through functional regulation of miRNA33a and miRNA130b: a novel hypothesis for NSCLC cancer progression [NanoString]
GEO Series GSE166749. Homo sapiens. 6 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by array.
Assessing the ceRNA hypothesis with quantitative measurements of miRNA and target abundance
GEO Series GSE52801. Mus musculus. 33 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic hypothesis generated for 160 in Historical biogeography of fishes from coastal basins of Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic hypothesis generated for 160 species in Maranhão basins.
Data from: Lower breeding success in the invaded range: no evidence for the enemy release hypothesis in South American Barn Swallows
It is widely assumed that colonizing species thrive because they lack natural enemies in their new range, increasing their survival and reproductive success. Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) started to breed in South America around 1980 and since have increased dramatically their population size and geographic range, in stark contrast with the decline of the source population in North America. The reasons behind the growth of the South American population are unknown. However, because this species had never bred in this area in recorded times, the lack of natural predators, parasites or pathogens could lead to higher breeding success, as predicted by the enemy release hypothesis. Here we test whether breeding success is higher in the newly colonized range than in the native range to test the enemy release hypothesis. We studied the breeding biology of South American Barn Swallows quantifying seven breeding parameters: clutch size, overall breeding success, offspring mortality by predation and ectoparasites, number of fledglings per breeding attempt, number of breeding attempts per breeding season, and total number of fledglings produced per pair per breeding season. Additionally, we compared these parameters with published information from North American populations using meta-analyses. We found that, while clutch size did not differ between North and South American populations, the southern population overall had lower breeding success, with higher mortality from predation and ectoparasites. An egg laid in South America was 2.6 times more likely to fail than one laid in North America, which resulted on average in 1.1 fewer fledglings per pair per breeding season for the South American breeding population. These results, demonstrating lower breeding success in a newly colonized range, do not support the enemy release hypothesis and indicate that the growth of the South American Barn Swallow population is most likely caused by other demographic factors.
Aquaplanet experiment data for Webb, M. J., & Lock, A. P. (2020). Testing a physical hypothesis for the relationship between climate sen-sitivity and double-ITCZ bias in climate models.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12,e2019MS001999.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001999
<p><strong>Aquaplanet experiment data from Webb and Lock (2020)</strong></p> <p><br> Webb, M. J., & Lock, A. P. (2020). Testing a physical hypothesis for the relationship between climate sen-sitivity and double-ITCZ bias in climate models.Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12,e2019MS001999.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001999</p> <p>CSV files containing data from Figs 1(b) and 2(a-d)</p> <p>Figure 2b:</p> <p>APEQ.Precipitation_mmperday.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_2LW_Cloud.Precipitation_mmperday.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_3LW_Cloud.Precipitation_mmperday.zonal.csv</p> <p>Figure 3a:</p> <p>APEQ.w700.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_3LW_Cloud.w700.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_2LW_Cloud.w700.zonal.csv</p> <p>Figure 3b:</p> <p>APEQ.Estimated_Inversion_Strength_K.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_2LW_Cloud.Estimated_Inversion_Strength_K.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_3LW_Cloud.Estimated_Inversion_Strength_K.zonal.csv</p> <p>Figure 3c:</p> <p>APEQ.Net_CRE_Wperm2.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_2LW_Cloud.Net_CRE_Wperm2.zonal.csv<br> APEQ_3LW_Cloud.Net_CRE_Wperm2.zonal.csv</p> <p>Figure 3d:</p> <p>APEQ4K-APEQ.Net_CRE_Feedback_Wperm2perK.zonal.csv<br> APEQ4K_2LW_Cloud-APEQ_2LW_Cloud.Net_CRE_Feedback_Wperm2perK.zonal.csv<br> APEQ4K_3LW_Cloud-APEQ_3LW_Cloud.Net_CRE_Feedback_Wperm2perK.zonal.csv</p> <p>Any queries please contact Mark Webb mark.webb@metoffice.gov.uk</p> <p> </p>
Figure 1 from: Wildish DJ, Radulovici AE (2020) Amphipods in estuaries: the sibling species low salinity switch hypothesis. Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 797-805. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.55896
Figure 1 Geographical distribution of O. mediterranea, from Wildish (1969).
Figure 2 from: Wildish DJ, Radulovici AE (2020) Amphipods in estuaries: the sibling species low salinity switch hypothesis. Zoosystematics and Evolution 96(2): 797-805. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.55896
Figure 2 Geographical distribution of O. aestuarensis for sampling locations known to 2019.
Data from: Large brains, small guts: the expensive tissue hypothesis supported within anurans
Brain size differs substantially among species and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolution of brain size. Because the brain is among the most energetically expensive organs in the vertebrate body, trade-offs have been hypothesized to exert constraints on brain size evolution. Prominently, the expensive-tissue hypothesis (ETH) proposes that reducing the size of another expensive organ, such as the gut, should compensate for the cost of a large brain. But energetic constraints may also drive covariation between the brain and other costly traits such as body maintenance, locomotion or reproduction, as formulated in the energy trade-off hypothesis. To date, these hypotheses have mainly been tested in homoeothermic animals and within the ectothermic animals, primarily in fishes. Here, we undertake a comparative test of the interplay between energetic limitations and brain size evolution within amphibians. After controlling for phylogenetic relationships and body size, we find a negative correlation between brain mass and the length of the digestive tract within 30 species of anurans. We further find that the evolution of large brain size is accompanied by an increase in female reproductive investment into egg size. Our results suggest that the evolution of brain size follows general patterns across vertebrate clades.
Data from: Do large-seeded herbs have a small range size? The seed mass-distribution range trade-off hypothesis
We aimed to introduce and test the "seed mass–distribution range trade-off" hypothesis, that is, that range size is negatively related to seed mass due to the generally better dispersal ability of smaller seeds. Studying the effects of environmental factors on the seed mass and range size of species, we also aimed to identify habitats where species may be at risk and need extra conservation effort to avoid local extinctions. We collected data for seed mass, global range size, and indicators for environmental factors of the habitat for 1,600 species of the Pannonian Ecoregion (Central Europe) from the literature. We tested the relationship between species' seed mass, range size, and indicator values for soil moisture, light intensity, and nutrient supply. We found that seed mass is negatively correlated with range size; thus, a seed mass–distribution range trade-off was validated based on the studied large species pool. We found increasing seed mass with decreasing light intensity and increasing nutrient availability, but decreasing seed mass with increasing soil moisture. Range size increased with increasing soil moisture and nutrient supply, but decreased with increasing light intensity. Our results supported the hypothesis that there is a trade-off between seed mass and distribution range. We found that species of habitats characterized by low soil moisture and nutrient values but high light intensity values have small range size. This emphasizes that species of dry, infertile habitats, such as dry grasslands, could be more vulnerable to habitat fragmentation or degradation than species of wet and fertile habitats. The remarkably high number of species and the use of global distribution range in our study support our understanding of global biogeographic processes and patterns that are essential in defining conservation priorities.
Data from: Testing the niche breadth-range size hypothesis: habitat specialization versus performance in Australian alpine daisies
Relatively common species within a clade are expected to perform well across a wider range of conditions than their rarer relatives, yet experimental tests of this "niche breadth—range size" hypothesis remain surprisingly scarce. Rarity may arise due to trade-offs between specialization and performance across a wide range of environments. Here we use common garden and reciprocal transplant experiments to test the niche breadth—range size hypothesis, focusing on four common and three rare endemic alpine daisies (Brachyscome spp.) from the Australian Alps. We used three experimental contexts: 1) alpine reciprocal seedling experiment: a test of seedling survival and growth in three alpine habitat types differing in environmental quality and species diversity, 2) warm environment common garden: a test of whether common daisy species have higher growth rates and phenotypic plasticity, assessed in a common garden in a warmer climate and run simultaneously with experiment 1, and 3) alpine reciprocal seed experiment: a test of seed germination capacity and viability in the same three alpine habitat types as in experiment 1. In the alpine reciprocal seedling experiment, survival of all species was highest in the open heathland habitat where overall plant diversity is high, suggesting a general, positive response to a relatively productive, low-stress environment. We found only partial support for higher survival of rare species in their habitats of origin. In the warm environment common garden, three common daisies exhibited greater growth and biomass than two rare species, but the other rare species performed as well as the common species. In the alpine reciprocal seed experiment, common daisies exhibited higher germination across most habitats, but rare species maintained a higher proportion of viable seed in all conditions, suggesting different life history strategies. These results indicate that some but not all rare, alpine endemics exhibit stress tolerance at the cost of reduced growth rates in low-stress environments compared to common species. Finally, these findings suggest the seed stage is important in the persistence of rare species, and they provide only weak support at the seedling stage for the niche breadth-range size hypothesis.
Data from: Long distance dispersal and genetic structure of natural populations: an assessment of the inverse isolation hypothesis in peat mosses
It is well accepted that the shape of the dispersal kernel, especially its tail, has a substantial effect on the genetic structure of species. Theory predicts that dispersal by fat-tailed kernels reshuffles genetic material and thus preserves genetic diversity during colonization. Moreover, if efficient long distance dispersal is coupled with random colonization, an inverse isolation effect is predicted to develop in which increasing genetic diversity per colonizer is expected with increasing distance from a genetically variable source. By contrast, increasing isolation leads to decreasing genetic diversity when dispersal is via thin-tailed kernels. Here we use a well-established model group for dispersal biology (peat mosses: genus Sphagnum) with a fat-tailed dispersal kernel, and the natural laboratory of the Stockholm archipelago to study the validity of the inverse isolation hypothesis in spore-dispersed plants in island colonization. Population genetic structure of three species (S. fallax, S. fimbriatum and S. palustre) with contrasting life histories and ploidy levels were investigated on a set of islands using microsatellites. Our data show (φ'st, AMOVA, IBD) that dispersal of the two most abundant species can be well approximated by a random colonization model. We find that genetic diversity per colonizer on islands increases with distance from the mainland for S. fallax and S. fimbriatum. By contrast, S. palustre deviates from this pattern, owing to its restricted distribution in the region affecting its source pool strength. Therefore, the inverse isolation effect appears to hold in natural populations of peat mosses and, likely, in other organisms with small diaspores.
The DUAL-SYSTEM HYPOTHESIS of ANOSOGNOSIA: the Interplay Between Emotional Processing and Self-Monitoring in Neurodegenerative Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06794580. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Prevention of Suicidal Behavior Through the VIGILANS Protocol: the Restoration of Social Connection Hypothesis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05227183. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing the Adipose Expandability Hypothesis in Vivo During Overfeeding
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04583514. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
This Study Has Been Designed to Support the Working Hypothesis That Emergency Surgery in a Colon Obstruction Neoplasm is Better Than Stent Bridge Due to Better Oncological Outcomes, Analyzing the Impo
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07204665. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing the Noradrenergic Hypothesis of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04455295. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.