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4,107 results for “pointing”
BES bird survey habitat features. This is a collection of the habitat features for the BES bird sampling points. Features include number of houses, proximity to trees, shrubs, grass, annuals, and other vegetation and physical features.
This dataset is associated with BES Bird Monitoring Bird Monitoring Project: ================= The BES Bird Monitoring Project is a breeding bird survey designed to find out what birds are found in the breeding season in Baltimore and where. Our monitoring efforts will show associations among block group socioeconomic variables, land cover, land use, and habitat features with breeding bird abundance, to provide information for land managers on possible consequences of land use changes on bird communities. A distinguishing feature of the bird monitoring at BES LTER, relative to other urban bird work, is the capacity for long-term monitoring of features at multiple scales through links to other parts of the project. Different processes influence habitat for birds at different scales, e.g. ongoing household level human decision-making at lot scale vs. block or neighborhood scale abandonment/re-development. Our project seeks to understand how these processes impact bird occurrence, abundance, and composition differ at the lot, block and neighborhood scale. The data consists of four major elements, Sites, Surveys, Taxalist, and Birds. Sites records the sites and their characteristics. Surveys describe the actual outings or sampling sessions. They describe the weather, the temperature, the sites visited. Taxalist provides the integration of speciaies abbreviations and common names, and Birds describes the actual sightings, linking to the other three tables. Attribute information: Here are the fields Surveys: site_id FK->Sites[site_id] survey_id survey_date time_start time_end observer wind_speed wind_dir air_temp temp_units cloud_cover notes Sites: site_id park_code park_district park_name point_code point_location park_acreage Taxalist: species_id common_name Birds: survey_id FK->surveys[survey_id] site_id FK->surveys[site_id] species_id FK->taxalist[species_id] distance bird_count notes seen heard direction time_class
Point count bird censusing - long term study in central Arizona-Phoenix: Study sites
Project goal: To study the patterns in bird species diversity, abundance and distribution over time and space, and the processes behind these patterns as a result of urbanization. The ongoing project (since October 2000) is documenting the abundance and distribution of birds in four habitats (51 sites): Urban (18) Desert (15) Riparian (11) and agricultural (7). The 40 non-riparian sites are a subset of the CAP LTER Survey200 points. We are using point counts to survey birds four times a year (January, April, July and October). During each session each point is visited by three birders who count all birds seen or heard for 15 minutes. Our goal is to study how different land-use forms affect bird abundance, distribution and diversity in the greater Phoenix area in order to predict and preserve high bird species diversity as urban development is proceeding. This dataset documents only the spatial location of bird survey locations. For full project data, including results of bird surveys, and updated bird survey locations, please see: Bateman, Heather; Childers, Dan; Katti, Madhusudan; Shochat, Eyal; Warren, Paige (2016-12-16): Point-count bird censusing: long-term monitoring of bird abundance and diversity in central Arizona-Phoenix, ongoing since 2000. Long Term Ecological Research Network. http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/cc7181cd38ce3a19e32708caebdf13de
Point Count Bird Censusing Data Subset for Paper 'EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND VEGETATION COVER ON BIRD COMMUNITIES' Walker et. al
Animals utilize their environment across a range of scales, which is bounded by their extent, the broadest spatial area which organisms respond to their environment within their lifetime, and the spatial grain, the smallest area they respond to their environment (Kotlier and Wiens 1990). Within this range, organisms likely respond to their environment at a hierarchy of levels. Johnson (1980) recognizes four distinct levels of hierarchical habitat selection. At the very largest scale, first order selection, includes the entire area that an organism utilizes within its lifetime, and is also known as an organisms global home range or extent. In contrast, second order selection is an organisms local home range, or the area that it occupies within a unique ecosystem. This distinction is most apparent with migratory animals who utilize more than one distinct landscape for their survival (i.e. summer vs. winter feeding grounds), and much less so for organisms resident of one specific landscape for their entire life span. Third order selection is the selection of specific habitat patches within an ecosystem. For example, a Monarch butterfly would tend to select patches of milkweed within a prairie. And the lowest level, fourth order selection, involves the physical procurement of food within a selected patch, in our example, specific flowers within a milkweed patch, and is also known as grain. Realizing the importance of hierarchical habitat selection, it has become apparent that single-scale studies of animals responses to their environment may fail to adequately represent how that specific animal is responding to ecological parameter of interest, especially if they are not responding to the landscape at that scale (Holling 1992). The range of scales which an animal of interest is utilizing a landscape is important to determine prior to any further ecological investigation, as inappropriate scalar mismatch between organism and environment can lead to ambiguous or even dece
SGS-LTER Bouteloua gracilis Removal Experiment Vegetation Point of Intercept (Cover) Data on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado USA 1997-2005, ARS Study Number 155
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Six sites approximately 6 km apart were selected at the Central Plains Experimental Range in 1997. Within each site, there was a pair of adjacent ungrazed and moderately summer grazed (40-60% removal of annual aboveground production by cattle) locations. Grazed locations had been grazed from 1939 to present and ungrazed locations had been protected from 1991 to present by the establishment of exclosures. Within grazed and ungrazed locations, all tillers and root crowns of B. gracilis were removed from two treatment plots (3 m x 3 m) with all other vegetation undisturbed. Two control plots were established adjacent to the treatment plots. Plant density was measured annually by species in a fixed 1m x 1m quadrat in the center of treatment and control plots. For clonal species, an individual plant was defined as a group of tillers connected by a crown (Coffin and Lauenroth 1988, Fair et al. 1999). Seedlings were counted as separate individuals. In the same quadrat, basal cover by species, bare soil, and litter were estimated annually using a point frame. A total of 40 points were read from four locations halfway between the center point and corners of the 1m x 1m quadrat. Density was measured from 1998 to 2005 and cover from 1997 to 2006. All measurements were taken in l
The Turing Change Point Dataset
<p>This is the first complete release of the Turing Change Point Dataset, a dataset created specifically for the evaluation and development of change point detection algorithms. For more information, see: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.06222">https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.06222</a></p>
Global-scale characterization of turning points in arid and semi-arid ecosystem functioning
<p>Data accompanying the paper:</p> <p>Bernardino, P., De Keersmaecker, W., Fensholt, R., Verbesselt, J., Somers, B. and Horion, S. 2020. Global-scale characterization of turning points in arid and semi-arid ecosystem functioning.</p>
Subspecies and Distribution. R. c. cognatus K Andersen, 1906 - Andaman Is (South Andaman). R. c. famulus K. Andersen, 1918 - Andaman Is (North, Point, Interview, Baratang, and Narcondam). The species is not known from the Nicobar Is, despite a number of sources listing it from them. in Rhinolophidae
Subspecies and Distribution. R. c. cognatus K Andersen, 1906 - Andaman Is (South Andaman). R. c. famulus K. Andersen, 1918 - Andaman Is (North, Point, Interview, Baratang, and Narcondam). The species is not known from the Nicobar Is, despite a number of sources listing it from them.
FIGURE 3. Median predorsal scales of Siphamia guttulata (A—paralectotype, AMS I.16306-001, 25.7 mm SL; B—CSIRO H 7457-01, 27 mm SL) and Siphamia tubifer (C—CSIRO H 6752-02, 31 mm SL). Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Yellow arrows point to first dorsal spine, numbers or pink arrows indicate median predorsal scales. Fifth median predorsal scale of Fig. C is a scale pocket as the scale has been lost. in Redescription and distributional range extension of the Speckled Siphonfish, Siphamia guttulata (Pisces: Apogonidae)
FIGURE 3. Median predorsal scales of Siphamia guttulata (A—paralectotype, AMS I.16306-001, 25.7 mm SL; B—CSIRO H 7457-01, 27 mm SL) and Siphamia tubifer (C—CSIRO H 6752-02, 31 mm SL). Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Yellow arrows point to first dorsal spine, numbers or pink arrows indicate median predorsal scales. Fifth median predorsal scale of Fig. C is a scale pocket as the scale has been lost.
Data for "Second Critical Point in Two Realistic Models of Water"
<p>Data associated to the publication "Second Critical Point in Two Realistic Models of Water" to appear in Science in 2020.</p> <p> </p> <p>e-rho-2005.tgz files with potential energy and density for the model TIP4P-2005 (N=300,500,1000)</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/6f0afff6-e0e8-44df-9a5c-8fbb332d343b/e-rho-tip4pice.tgz">e-rho-tip4pice.tgz </a> files with potential energy and density for the model TIP4P-Ice (N=300,500,1000)</p> <p>sk-dat.tgz files with the structure factor for TIP4P-2005 (N=36424) and TIP4P-Ice (N=10000)</p> <p>mdp-gro-top-2005.tgz input files for all studied state point in GROMACS format for TIP4P-2005 (mdp, gro, top) (N=300,500,1000)</p> <p>mdp-gro-top-Ice.tgz input files for all studied state point in GROMACS format for TIP4P-Ice (mdp, gro, top) (N=300,500,1000)</p> <p>large-systems.tgz input files for all studied state point in GROMACS format for TIP4P-Ice (N=10000) and TIP4P-2005 (N=36424)</p> <p> </p>
Data for paper "Effects of inflow conditions on plunge points and vertical profiles of turbidity currents on sloping flume based on 3D numerical simulation"
<p>This set of xlsx files, metadata of model results and Matlab code accompanies the manuscript "Effects of inflow conditions on plunge points and vertical profiles of turbidity currents on sloping flume based on 3D numerical simulation" by Ruoyin Zhang, Baosheng Wu, and Bangwen Zhang. This is the first release of the data.</p>
Figure 2 in Tyrannosaurus en pointe: allometry minimized rotational inertia of large carnivorous dinosaurs
Figure 2. RI versus body mass in carnivorous archosaurs. Grey bands indicate the range of changes in RI magnitudes when computed with body widths that were 110% and 90% of the original models.
Data from: Evolutionary networks from RADseq loci point to hybrid origins of Medicago carstiensis and Medicago cretacea
Premise: Although hybridization has played an important role in the evolution of many plant species, phylogenetic reconstructions that include hybridizing lineages have been historically constrained by the available models and data. RADseq has been a popular sequencing technique for the reconstruction of hybridization in the Next Generation Sequencing era. However, the utility of RADseq for the reconstruction of complex evolutionary networks has not been thoroughly investigated. Conflicting phylogenetic relationships in the genus Medicago have been mainly attributed to hybridization but the specific hybrid origins of taxa have not been yet clarified. Methods: We obtained new molecular data from diploid species of Medicago section Medicago using single-digest RADseq to reconstruct evolutionary networks from gene trees, an approach that is computationally tractable with datasets that include several species and complex hybridization patterns. Results: Our analyses revealed that assembly filters to exclusively select a small set of loci with high phylogenetic information led to the most divergent network topologies. Conversely, alternative clustering thresholds or filters on the number of samples per locus had a lower impact on networks. A strong hybridization signal was detected for M. carstiensis and M. cretacea, while less clear signals were observed for M. rugosa, M. rhodopea, M. suffruticosa, M. marina, M. scutellata and M. sativa. Conclusions: Complex network reconstructions from RADseq gene trees were not robust under variations of the assembly parameters and filters. But when most divergent networks were discarded, all remaining analyses consistently supported a hybrid origin for M. carstiensis and M. cretacea.
Dataset for A Modified Approach for Process-Integrated Reference Point Determination
<p>The Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) calls for continues and automated determination of the geometric reference points of space-geodetic techniques such as DORIS, GNSS, SLR and VLBI. Whereas the reference points of DORIS beacons and GNSS antennas can simply be measured by observing well-defined reference markers, the determination of SLR and VLBI reference points are a metrological challenge, because these reference points are inaccessible and non-materialized. Indirect methods are needed to estimate the reference points in a rigorous way, which fulfil the requirements on an automated and continues reference point determination of the Global Geodetic Observing System. In this investigation, a modified approach for reference point determination of SLR and VLBI telescopes is presented. The results of the new approach are compared to proven reference point models. The numerical deviations of the estimated reference point coordinates and the axis-offset are <<50 μm and demonstrate the equivalence of the new approach.</p>
Dataset for "Field-driven Bloch Point Motion in Chiral Systems"
<p>This dataset provides micromagnetic simulation data collected from a series of computational experiments on the effects of applied magnetic fields on chiral two-layered systems, in which each layer has opposing chirality. Simulations were performed with the open-source software Finmag (10.5281/zenodo.1216011), and OOMMF (https://math.nist.gov/oommf/).</p> <p>The dataset is split into several directories, and the data is either stored in VTK files (which can be opened by a variety of free tools such as Paraview and MayaVi), and CSV files. In all CSV files, units are given where the data has dimensionality.</p> <p><em><strong>oommf</strong></em></p> <p>This folder contains a single VTK file showing a Bloch Point in an FeGe disk of 150nm diameter, with an upper layer with positive chirality of 12nm and a lower layer of 20nm with negative chirality.</p> <p><em><strong>vortex-disk</strong></em></p> <p>This folder contains a series of VTK files representing the mesh and the internal magnetic field of an 80nm diameter nanodisk with no Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Each VTK file in the series represents a time step of 0.025ns , and the vortex moves under an applied field of 0.1T.</p> <p><em><strong>bp-disk</strong></em></p> <p>This folder contains equilibrium simulation results for studies on a nanodisk of 80nm under an applied magnetic field in the +y direction. The folder names within this are for e.g. "ht_10_hb_12", where 10 is the thickness of the top layer, and 12 is the thickness of the bottomlayer, both in nanometers. Within each folder is a series of VTK files which show the equilibrium state of the nanodisk. These files are labelled with the applied field for each file e.g. H_0.00.vtu, where the number represents the applied field. The number of VTK files varies by folder, as for systems with bottom thickness <= 16nm, the Bloch Point is not stable. Each folder also contains a CSV file entitled "winding-number.csv" containing the winding number (no units) for the sample at each applied field in Tesla.</p> <p><em><strong>nanotrack-stability</strong></em></p> <p>This folder contains a CSV file, 'data.csv' which gives the winding number, and average magnetisation for a series of nanotrack systems, after relaxing under LLG dynamics with no applied field. It also includes the VTK files for each of these systems. Files are labelled as Lx_80_Ly_20_hb_14_ht_10.vtu with 80 and 20 being the Lx and Ly dimensions in nanometres, and hb and ht are the bottom and top layer thicknesses.</p> <p>Note that some systems are equivalent - e.g. Lx = 220nm, Ly = 40nm is the same as Lx = 40nm, Ly=220nm, and so files are not duplicated in these cases.</p> <p><strong><em>nanotrack-motion</em></strong></p> <p>This folder contains sequential data showing the evolution of the Bloch Point in nanotracks of length 200nm and width 60, 80 and 100nm in length under applied fields of different strengths. Each folder is labelled as Lx_200_Ly_100_hb_14_ht_10_lmax_3_Hy_0.05, and contains 201 sequential VTK files and a CSV file called bp-position.csv. Each numbered VTK file represents the magnetisation at a time step of 5e-12 seconds. The bp-position.csv shows calculated positions of the Bloch Point position at each time step.</p> <p> </p>
Hydrogen sulfide exposure reduces thermal set point in zebrafish
<p>Behavioural flexibility allows ectotherms to exploit the environment to govern their metabolic physiology, including in response to environmental stress. Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a widespread environmental toxin that can lethally inhibit metabolism. However, H<sub>2</sub>S can also alter behaviour and physiology, including a hypothesised induction of hibernation-like states characterised by downward shifts of the innate thermal setpoint (anapyrexia). Support for this hypothesis has proved controversial because it is difficult to isolate active and passive components of thermoregulation, especially in animals with high resting metabolic heat production. Here, we directly test this hypothesis by leveraging the natural behavioural thermoregulatory drive of fish to move between environments of different temperatures in accordance with their current physiological state and thermal preference. We observed a decrease in adult zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) preferred body temperature with exposure to 0.02% H<sub>2</sub>S, which we interpret as a shift in thermal setpoint. Individuals exhibited consistent differences in shuttling behaviour and preferred temperatures, which were reduced by a constant temperature magnitude during H<sub>2</sub>S exposure. Seeking lower temperatures alleviated H<sub>2</sub>S-induced metabolic stress, as measured by reduced rates of aquatic surface respiration. Our findings highlight the interactions between individual variation and sublethal impacts of environmental toxins on behaviour.</p>
Dataset for Two-Point Mixing, Buoyancy Sorting and Updraft Dilution in the RACORO Campaign, Wei et al., 2020
<p>Dataset for Two-Point Mixing, Buoyancy Sorting and Updraft Dilution in the RACORO Campaign, Wei et al., 2020 on Geophysical Research Letters</p>
Avian point-counts from Rhode Island and Connecticut used to test species distribution models
<p>Spatial-biases are a common feature of presence-absence data from citizen scientists. Spatial thinning can mitigate errors in species distribution models (SDMs) that use these data. When detections or non-detections are rare, however, SDMs may suffer from class imbalance or low sample size of the minority (i.e. rarer) class. Poor predictions can result, the severity of which may vary by modeling technique. To explore the consequences of spatial bias and class imbalance in presence-absence data, we used eBird citizen science data for 102 bird species from the northeastern USA to compare spatial thinning, class balancing, and majority-only thinning (i.e., retaining all samples of the minority class). We created SDMs using two parametric or semi-parametric techniques (generalized linear models and generalized additive models) and two machine-learning techniques (random forest and boosted regression trees). We tested the predictive abilities of these SDMs using an independent and systematically collected reference dataset with a combination of discrimination (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve; true skill statistic; area under the precision-recall curve) and calibration (Brier score; Cohen's kappa) metrics. We found large variation in SDM performance depending on thinning and balancing decisions. Across all species, there was no single best approach, with the optimal choice of thinning and/or balancing depending on modeling technique, performance metric, and the baseline sample prevalence of species in the data. Spatially thinning all the data was often a poor approach, especially for species with baseline sample prevalence < 0.1. For most of these rare species, balancing classes improved model discrimination between presence and absence classes, but hindered model calibration. Baseline sample prevalence, sample size, modeling approach, and the intended application of SDM output – whether discrimination or calibration – should guide decisions about how to thin or balance data, given the considerable influence of these methodological choices on SDM performance. For prognostic applications requiring good model calibration (vis-à-vis discrimination), the match between sample prevalence and true species prevalence may be the overriding feature and warrants further investigation.</p>
Data from: Disparate patterns of movements and visits to points of interest located in urban hotspots across U.S. metropolitan cities during COVID-19
<p>We examined the effect of social distancing on changes in visits to urban hotspot points of interest. In a pandemic situation, urban hotspots could be potential superspreader areas as visits to urban hotspots can increase the risk of contact and transmission of a disease among a population. We mapped origin-destination networks from census block groups to points of interest (POIs), such as restaurants, museums, and schools, in sixteen cities in the United States. We adopted a coarse-grain approach to examine patterns of visits to POIs among hotspots and non-hotspots from January to May 2020. Also, we conducted chi-square tests to identify POIs with significant flux-in changes during the analysis period. The results showed disparate patterns across cities in terms of reduction in hotspot POI visits. Sixteen cities are divided into two categories. In one category, which includes the cities of, San Francisco, Seattle, and Chicago, we observe a considerable decrease in hotspot POI visits, while in another category, including the cites of, Austin, Houston, and San Diego, the visits to hotspots did not greatly decrease. While all the cities exhibited overall decreasing visits to POIs, one category maintained the proportion of visits to hotspot POIs. The proportion of visits to some POIs (e.g., Restaurants) remained stable during the social distancing period, while some POIs had an increased proportion of visits (e.g., Grocery Stores). We also identified POIs with significant flux-in changes, showing that related businesses were greatly affected by social distancing.</p>
- AR 3.1–3.5; gonostylus pointed at apex....................................... C. ariel (Sublette, 1960) (Nearctic) in A new species of the genus Cryptotendipes Beck et Beck, 1969 (Diptera Chironomidae) from India, with a world key to the males and tentative phylogenetic relationship
- AR 3.1–3.5; gonostylus pointed at apex....................................... C. ariel (Sublette, 1960) (Nearctic)
- Superior volsella straight, not swollen at apex; anal point parallel–sided to point........................................................................................... C. parallelus Yan, Tang et Wang, 2005 (Palaearctic) in A new species of the genus Cryptotendipes Beck et Beck, 1969 (Diptera Chironomidae) from India, with a world key to the males and tentative phylogenetic relationship
- Superior volsella straight, not swollen at apex; anal point parallel–sided to point........................................................................................... C. parallelus Yan, Tang et Wang, 2005 (Palaearctic)
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.