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FIGURE 11 in A redescription of Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora Leptochitonidae), the type species of the new genus Belknapchiton

FIGURE 11. Belknapchiton belknapi, Bering Sea, south of the Pribilov Islands, RV Ametist, st. 175, BL 15.0 mm (ZIN 2460): A, B. Dorsal scales and needles, marginal needles and ventral scales; C. Dorsal scales and needles; D. Radula.

FIGURE 8 in A redescription of Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora Leptochitonidae), the type species of the new genus Belknapchiton

FIGURE 8. Belknapchiton belknapi, Bering Sea, south of the Pribilov Islands, RV Ametist, st. 173, BL 10.0 mm (ZIN 2459): A. Valve I, dorsal view; B. Valve V, dorsal view; C. Valve VIII, dorsal view; D. Valve IV, ventral view; E. Valve V, detail of tegmentum in central area; F. Valve V, rostral view; G. Valve VIII, lateral view.

FIGURE 1 in A redescription of Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora Leptochitonidae), the type species of the new genus Belknapchiton

FIGURE 1. Images of Belknapchiton belknapi. A, B. Specimen from Commander Islands, RV Rakitnoe, st. 224, BL 19.0 mm (ZIN 2455); C. Specimen from East of Northern Honshu, RV Vitjaz, st. 6671, BL 29.0 mm (ZIN 2456); A. Dorsal view; B, C. Lateral view.

FIGURE 2 in A redescription of Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora Leptochitonidae), the type species of the new genus Belknapchiton

FIGURE 2. Belknapchiton belknapi, to East of Northern Honshu, RV Vitjaz, st. 6671, BL 11.0 mm (ZIN 2456): A. Valve I, dorsal view; B. Valve II, dorsal view; C. Valve V, dorsal view; D. Valve VIII, dorsal view; E. Valve V, detail of tegmentum in central area; F. Valve V, rostral view; G. Valve VIII, lateral view.

FIGURE 5 in A redescription of Leptochiton belknapi Dall, 1878 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora Leptochitonidae), the type species of the new genus Belknapchiton

FIGURE 5. Belknapchiton belknapi, Commander Islands, RV Rakitnoe, st. 229, BL 12.0 mm (ZIN 2457): A. Dorsal scales and needles; B. valve VIII, detail of tegmentum in jugal area; C. Dorsal scales, Marginal needles and ventral scales; D. Radula.

FIGURE 1. Acantholimon assadii from its type locality. A in Acantholimon assadii (Plumbaginaceae), a new species from flora of Iran

FIGURE 1. Acantholimon assadii from its type locality. A) Habit and habitat; B) close-up view of spikelets.

Species of Acantholichen occurring only in the Neotropics show a high degree of endemism (Dal Forno et al. 2016). Of the seven species now recognized in this genus (Table 2), 71.4% (5) are known only from South America. As with Dictyonema, Acantholichen seem to be specific to substrate type and appears in the Andean small forest occurring on mosses in tree bark inhabiting mostly exposed habitats. Cyphellostereum is also represented by a high number of species restricted to the Neotropics [6 (66.6%)], while one is known only from North America, one from Southeastern United States and Puerto Rico, and another species is known only from Borneo and Fiji (Table 2). It is probably due to their unusual appearance that these lichens are getting confused with free-living cyanobacteria colonies, and that there are still undescribed species in the Neotropics. in Eight new species of lichenized Basidiomycota in the genera Acantholichen, Cyphellostereum and Dictyonema s.str. (Agaricales, Hygrophoraceae) from northern South America

Species of Acantholichen occurring only in the Neotropics show a high degree of endemism (Dal Forno et al. 2016). Of the seven species now recognized in this genus (Table 2), 71.4% (5) are known only from South America. As with Dictyonema, Acantholichen seem to be specific to substrate type and appears in the Andean small forest occurring on mosses in tree bark inhabiting mostly exposed habitats. Cyphellostereum is also represented by a high number of species restricted to the Neotropics [6 (66.6%)], while one is known only from North America, one from Southeastern United States and Puerto Rico, and another species is known only from Borneo and Fiji (Table 2). It is probably due to their unusual appearance that these lichens are getting confused with free-living cyanobacteria colonies, and that there are still undescribed species in the Neotropics.

FIGURE 2. A–D in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 2. A–D. Convolute blade type III (stigmadontoid type). A. Stigmatodon andaraiensis (Leme 8459). B–C. S. limae (Leme 4653) in different stages of development. D. S. zonatus (Leme 6626). E–H. Convolute blade type II (vrieseoid type). E. S. vellozicolus (Leme 1113). F. S. freicanecanus (Leme 4654). G. S. oliganthus (Leme 9226). H. S. vexatus (Leme 8704). Photos by E. Leme. Bars: = 2 mm.

FIGURE 7. Stigmatodon vexatus. A in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 7. Stigmatodon vexatus. A. Group of plants at the type locality. B–C. Habit. D. Lateral view of the flower. E. Frontal view of the flower. Photos by E. Leme.

FIGURE 3. A–C. Convolute blade type I in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 3. A–C. Convolute blade type I (guzmanioid type). A. Guzmania acorifolia (Leme 588). B. Guzmania sp. (Leme 4061). C. G. vittata (Leme 431). D–P. Convolute blade type II (vrieseoid type). D. Vriesea gigantea (Leme 5128). E. V. amethystina (Leme 2680). F. V. carinata (Leme 4431). G. V. eltoniana (Leme 5160). H. V. ensiformis var. bicolor (Leme 1333). I. V. flammea (Leme 9857). J. V. sparsiflora (Leme 2291). K. V. garlippiana (Leme 3582). L. V. exaltata (Leme 502-A). M. V. roethii (Leme 2667). N. V. hydrophora (Leme 2237). O. V. morrenii (Leme 8666). P. V. fosteriana (Leme 4885). Photos by E. Leme. Bars: = 2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Stigmatodon itamarajuensis. A in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 5. Stigmatodon itamarajuensis. A. General view of the landscape at the type locality with Monte Pescoço on the left side. B. Close up of Monte Pescoço. C–D. Population near the base of Monte Pescoço. E. Habit. F. Distal portion of the inflorescence and lateral view of the flower. G. Details of the propagation by short basal shoots. H. Details of the stamens. I. Frontal view of the flower (A–D, F, H, I, photos E. Leme; E, G, photos by D.R. Couto).

FIGURE 4. Stigmatodon ilhanus. A in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 4. Stigmatodon ilhanus. A. General view of the landscape at the type locality. B. Inselberg where S. ilhanus was collected. C. The climber Andre Ilha collecting the new species. D. Details of the population at the type locality. E. Habit. F. Lateral view of the flower. G. Frontal view of the flower (A, B & D, photos by A. Ilha; C, photo by M. Freitas; E–G, photos by E. Leme).

Figure 4 in Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

Figure 4. Distribution map of known records of Cryptogenius species: C. miersianus (red circles) and C. westwoodi sp. nov. (blue circles). Red and blue stars represent records from the literature that possibly refer, according to the known geographical distribution, to C. miersianus and C. westwoodi sp. nov., respectively, found in Ide et al. (1990), Ratcliffe (2002) and Ocampo (2006). These records illustrated with stars represent specimens not personally examined by the authors.

Figure 3 in Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

Figure 3. Paratype of Cryptogenius westwoodi sp. nov. (1 OUMNH) in (a) dorsal and (b) lateral views. (c) labels. Scale bars: 1 mm. Photographs (a, b): Keita Matsumoto, BMNH.

Figure 5 in Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

Figure 5. Holotype of Cremastochilodius tristis Krikken, 1975 (ƪ RMNH) in (a) dorsal and (b) ventral view. (c) labels. Photographs: Oscar Vorst, RMNH.

Figure 1 in Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

Figure 1. Holotype of Cryptogenius westwoodi sp. nov. (Ò CEMT) in (a) dorsal (white arrow showing the diagonal carinae in the pronotum), (b) ventral and (c) lateral views (white arrow indicates the third carina extending from the humerus to declivous area). Habitus of male genitalia in (d) dorsal and (e) ventral view. (f) labels. Scale bars: a–c = 1 mm; d, e = 0.5 mm.

Figure 6 in Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

Figure 6. Extracted abdomen of two paratypes of Cryptogenius westwoodi sp. nov. showing the sexual dimorphism between (a) male, with V3 and V4 of equal length; and (b) female, with V4 longer than V3. Abbreviations: V1–4, first to fourth ventrites. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 2 in Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

Figure 2. Lectotype of Cryptogenius miersianus (Ò OUMNH) in (a) dorsal and (b) lateral views; (c) labels. Legs and apex of male genitalia of a non-type specimen: (d) parameres in dorsal view (black arrow shows the constriction near the apex); (e) the anterior right leg of a male specimen, in ventral view, showing the hook on the femur (black arrow), and (f) the left hind tibia showing the crenulation in the outer margin (black arrows). Scale bars: a–c, e, f = 1 mm; d = 0.5 mm. Photographs (a, b): Keita Matsumoto, BMNH.

FIGURE 3 in Who is Andesiops peruvianus (Ulmer, 1920) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)? New insight from the type basin using morphological and molecular analyses

FIGURE 3. Bayesian tree showing the MOTUs obtained by species delimitation analyses. Values on branches indicate posterior probabilities> 0.9. The scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

FIGURE 2 in Who is Andesiops peruvianus (Ulmer, 1920) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)? New insight from the type basin using morphological and molecular analyses

FIGURE 2. Types of abdominal gills on Andesiops peruvianus from Lake Titicaca; A, LSMFI00507. B, LSMFI00111. C, LSMFI00508. D, LSMFI00509 and tarsal claw of first leg with 14 denticles; E and F, LSMFI00111.