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13,864 results for “staging”
One-cell-stage to 21-somite-stage development of a zebrafish embryo
<p>These videos show the development of a zebrafish embryo from one-cell-stage to 21-somite-stage. Unedited videos, as well as a sped-up version are available. The sped-up version includes text indicating the developmental stages, as well as how many hours post fertilization each stage occurs at a temperature of 28.5°C.</p> <p>Videos were recorded and edited by Mona Wellhäusser and Timo Schreiber in the research group headed by Lennart Hilbert at the Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Videos were acquired using an Olympus SZX7 zoom stereo transmitted light microscope, equipped with an Olympus SZX2-ILLTQ base, an Olympus DF Plapo 1X-4 stereo objective, as well as an Olympus EP50 camera.</p> <p>The imaging dish was constructed from a 35 mm glass bottom dish glued into the middle of a 90 mm Petri dish using clear nail polish. Fertilized zebrafish eggs were placed into the glass bottom dish, the imaging dish was filled to the brim with E3 medium (5 mM NaCl, 0.17 mM KCl, 0.33 mM CaCl2, 0.33 mM MgSO4), then sealed with an upside-down Petri dish lid for recording. 'Microscopy_Setup.png' illustrates the microscopy dish construction (illustration created in biorender.com).</p>
Linking individual and species-level leaf traits with ontogenetic development stage to explain tree performance under competition and environmental contexts
<p><span>To verify how species traits and individual traits link ontogenetic size, external biotic and abiotic factors to influence tree performance. In a temperate natural forest in northeastern China, we measured dynamic performance, size, as well as competition, topography, and soil variables as biotic and abiotic variables for all 1320 trees of 17 species in 62 monitoring plots from 2010-2020. For each individual tree, we also measured five typical functional traits representing leaf size and elemental content: leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen content, and leaf carbon : nitrogen ratios. These traits are not only strongly associated with performance, but trade-offs between traits have previously been shown to express plant acquisitive-conservative strategy characteristics. Reconceptualized based on previous understanding of trait-based approach (Fig. 1). We first tested the direct explanatory effects of species traits and individual traits on performance in multifactorial contexts.</span> <span>We first tested the direct explanatory effects of species traits and individual traits on performance in multifactorial contexts. Subsequently, we analyzed the moderating and mediating effects of these two levels of traits in explaining ontogenetic size, external competition, and environmental influences on performance. The following three questions were posed in response to the results:</span></p> <p><em><span>QI: Do species and individual traits differ in directly explaining performance in a multifactor context that includes ontogenetic size, external biotic and abiotic factors?</span></em></p> <p><em><span>QII: How species and individual traits explain the effect of ontogenetic size on performance</span> </em><em><span>by moderating and mediating effects.</span></em></p> <p><em><span>QIII: Can traits at the species and individual level influence competition- and environment-performance relationships</span> </em><em><span>through trait-based approaches? Does ontogenetic size work jointly with traits at different levels in this process?</span></em></p>
Immature stages of Culicoides and tidal dynamics in an Amazon beach
<p><span><span><span><span>Data used in the article: </span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><strong>Abundance of immature stages of </strong></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><em><strong>Culicoides</strong></em></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><strong> Latreille (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) and their relationship with tidal dynamics on a sandy beach in the Amazonian Coastal Zone</strong></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><strong>by Costa et al., to be published in the journal <em>Acta Amazonica</em>.</strong></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span>Abstract: The smallest hematophagous insects in the world belong to the </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><em>Culicoides</em></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span> genus, and they are known</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span> as potential vectors of various diseases globally. These insects are frequent pests on sandy beaches, with young individuals often found in flooded upper areas, edges of brackish waters, and intertidal zones of mangroves, mainly concentrated above the mean water level. In this study we investigated the presence of </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><em>Culicoides</em></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span> Latreille larvae across extensive distances in the intertidal zone of an Amazonian sandy beach – a challenging, high energy, macrotidal environment with fine sediment. The local community links infestations of biting midges to neap tides. Hence, this study aimed to determine if larvae found across the beach intertidal area were associated with these infestations and their periodicity. Samples were collected daily over a two-week cycle of a semidiurnal tide range, extending down to 150 m below the mean high tide water level. Interestingly, young individuals were significantly more abundant during spring tides, contrary to the trend observed with adults, which corroborates the reports of the local community. Adults that </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>emerg</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>ed </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>from sampled juveniles,</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span> raised </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><em>in vitro</em></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>,</span></span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><span>and adults caught using human bait were identified as </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><em>C. phlebotomus</em> (Williston)</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>, </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>confirming that this information may be beneficial to t</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span>ourism development.</span></span></span></span></p>
Visualizations of the leader channel parameters evolution at the stage of recoil leader initiation
<p><span>This repository presents figures visualizing the leader channel parameters evolution at the stage of recoil leader initiation along with their textual description.</span></p>
Fig. 1 in Feeding behavior of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) and its acquisition of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', on huanglongbing-infected Citrus reticulata leaves of several maturity stages
Fig. 1. Sketches of citrus leaves at several maturity stages.
Figs. 5-8.- L I in The preimaginal stages of Carabus (Archicarabus) steuartii Deyrolle, 1852 (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Figs. 5-8.- L I of C. steuarti.
Fig. 1 in Treatment of third-stage larvae of Toxocara cati with milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel tablets and emodepside plus praziquantel spot-on formulation in experimentally infected cats
Fig. 1 Arithmetic mean faecal egg count and standard deviation on the individual study days
Integrating diffusion dialysis for sustainable acid recovery from ion exchange regeneration stages: Characterization of metal and non-metal ions migration
<p>Seawater mining presents a potential option for recovering the European Union’s Critical Raw Materials (CRMs), but direct extraction from seawater is challenging due to their low concentrations, as most of them are Trace Elements (TEs) (at levels of mg/L or μg/L). Saltworks <em>bitterns </em>(ultraconcentrated brines resulting from the sea salt production process) offer an alternative solution, naturally concentrated up to 40 times more than seawater. These bitterns can be further processed with chelating Ion Exchange (IX) sorbents to selectively extract TEs. However, this process requires an acidic elution stage with strong acids, followed by neutralization, to recover TEs through precipitation, demanding extensive chemicals consumption. Diffusion Dialysis (DD) could be used to recover the excess acid without external reagents, using an acid-resistant Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM). This study evaluates DD through batch and once-through tests for acid recovery from simulated IX eluate generated in the elution stage of TEs (B, Ga, Ge, Co, Sr) recovery from saltworks bitterns.<br>Batch tests achieved high recoveries for HCl (45–50 %) and H2SO4 (30–37 %), being the theoretical maximum attainable recovery equal to 50 %. B and Ge only partially permeated through the membrane (82 % rejection) by a diffusion mechanism in their neutral form (H3BO3(aq), H4GeO4(aq)). Ga, Co and Sr, in cationic form, were highly rejected (>96 %). Permeability followed the order Ga < Sr < Co ≪ Ge < B, due to the relevant charge and size. HCl permeability correlated linearly with concentration, while H2SO4 was inversely proportional. Once-through tests showed higher acid (74 % HCl, 62 % H2SO4) and oxoacid (66 % H3BO3(aq), 52 % H4GeO4(aq)) recovery at a low specific flow rate, or apparent flux, (0.38 L/(m^2⋅h)) due to increased residence time. Water to acid flow rate ratios did not affect species transport when an excess of water was guaranteed. Conversely, an influence was observed when the ratio was below 1, with a minimum at 0.18, where a very low passage of species was observed due to the reduced dilution volume of the dialysate solution (water). A 1D transport model, incorporating the solutes permeabilities determined experimentally, effectively described the system performance, especially for HCl and B, albeit slightly overestimating the other TEs’ transport.</p>
Fig. 4 in First record of Gracixalus quangi Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao & Nguyen, 2011, from Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam, including the first documentation of advanced larval stages and an extended tadpole description
Fig. 4. Karst forest habitat in Hoa Binh Province. Photo credit C.T. Pham.
Fig. 1 in First record of Gracixalus quangi Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao & Nguyen, 2011, from Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam, including the first documentation of advanced larval stages and an extended tadpole description
Fig. 1. Adult Gracixalus quangi from Hoa Binh Province. Photography by T. Ziegler.
mTAIL-seq for early stage mouse embryos (internal ID: ms85)
<p>This dataset contains the raw sequencing data from an mTAIL-seq run for mouse embryos. The cluster intensities of fluorescence signals are repacked as an HDF5 formatted file, then split into multiple parts to fit in the dataset size limitation of the Zenodo.</p>
Data from a field plot experiment with the canola pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans including disease severity at the leaf spot and canker stages of the epidemic, and population composition as isolates infectivity pathotypes.
<p><strong>Data set</strong></p> <p>Data are from an experiment simulating how differences in <em>Brassica napus</em> resistance deployment strategies and landscape connectivity influence epidemic severity and pathogen population composition of the fungus <em>Leptosphaeria maculans</em> on field plots inoculated with combinations of stubble in 2016 at CSIRO Canberra, ACT, Australia. Disease severity was assessed on the 60 field plots [Data_severity.csv] and 1490 isolates were sampled and assessed for infectivity [Data_infectivity.csv]. This dataset is described and analyzed in Bousset et al. (2018).</p> <p>Treatments were factorial combination of Resistance, Genetic Connectivity and Spatial Connectivity, replicated in 4 blocks (B1 to B4). Resistance has 3 categories (Rlm4, Rlm6 LepR1) differing by the resistance genes in oilseed rape varieties. Genetic Connectivity has 2 levels (HighGC, LowGC) differing by the pre-adaptation of the stubble populations to the host variety. Spatial Connectivity has two levels (HighSC, LowSC) differing by the stubble load. Control plots had NoStubble.</p> <p><strong>Data files</strong></p> <p>[Data_severity.csv] Disease severity was assessed on the 60 field plots at leaf spot and canker stages of the epidemic. Leaf spots data are counts. Canker data are numbers of stems in 12 categories defined by the cankered area on cross section (0 = no canker to 100 = fully cankered).</p> <p>[Data_infectivity.csv] Two types of isolates (122 from 3 stubble sources with contrasting preadaptation and 1368 from leaves sampled on 50 field plots) were tested for infectivity response (V = infective; A = non-infective) on the three host varieties (Rlm4, Rlm6 LepR1), at the seedling stage in greenhouse.</p> <p><strong>Associated publication</strong></p> <p>Bousset L, Sprague S, Thrall PH, Barrett LG (2018). Spatio-temporal connectivity and host resistance influence evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of the canola pathogen <em>Leptosphaeria maculans. Evolutionary Applications</em> [ DOI: 10.1111/eva.12630 ].</p> <p><strong>Funding information</strong></p> <p>This work benefited from the financial support of INRA – the French National Institute for Agronomical Research, a CSIRO Sir Frederick McMaster fellowship to L. Bousset (Impact of inoculum carry-over on landscape dynamics of the blackleg canola pathogen) and the Grains Research & Development Corporation (GRDC Grant CSP00192)</p>
Dataset: Climate change effects on early stages of Quercus ariifolia (Fagaceae), an endemic oak from seasonally dry forests of Mexico
<p>This repository contains the files associated with the following article:</p> <p>Badano EI, FA Guerra-Coss, EJ Sánchez-Montes de Oca, CI Briones-Herrera & SM Gelviz-Gelvez. Climate change effects on early stages of <em>Quercus ariifolia</em> (Fagaceae), an endemic oak from seasonally dry forests of Mexico. Acta Botanica Mexicana, 126, Article e1466. <a href="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm126.2019.1466">https://doi.org/10.21829/abm126.2019.1466</a></p> <p>The first Microsoft Excel file (Additional data 01 - Microclimate.xlsx) contains microclimate data gathered within control plots and climate change simulation plots (CCS plots) during the field experiment. These data include air temperature (measured every hour in 10 experimental units of each climate treatment with dataloggers - HOBO U23-Pro-V2, Onset Computer Corporation, USA), rainfall (measured at each rainfall event in 5 experimental units of each climate treatment with automatized pluviometers - HOBO S-RGB-M002, Onset Computer Corporation, USA) and soil water content (measured every week in 10 experimental units of each climate treatment with a time-domain reflectometer - FieldScout TDR 300, Spectrum Technologies, USA). Values of each of these variables are provided in different spreadsheets. The second Microsoft Excel file (Additional data 02 - Seedling responses) contains the data used to calculate the emergence rates and survival rates of <em>Quercus ariaefolia</em> during the experimental period a each experimental treatment. This file also contains the data gathered at the end of the experiment about chlorophyll content (in SPAD Units) and chlorophyll fluorescence (the spreadsheet contains the values of these variables measured on each seedling leaf; the computation of averages across leaves of each seedling is provided on the side), and the other functional traits measured on seedlings from controls and CCS plots.</p>
Response of E3 stage Radix balthica embryos maintained in contrasting temperatures and salinities for 24h
<p>Sample datasets and video acquired using the EmbryoPhenomics platform. Experiment assessing influence of three (20, 25 and 30C) contrasting temperatures and two salinities (0 or 7 ppt) on the development of the aquatic gastropod <em>Radix balthica</em>. Exposure was initiated at the E3 developmental stage at which embryos are undergoing ciliary driven spinning. The EmbryoCV package was used to produce phenome-level data. Datasets and associated video for an individual embryo from each treatment (temperature and salinity combinations).</p>
Underground measurement of magnetic field pulses during the early stage of rocket-triggered lightning
<p>raw data for the paper <em>Underground measurement of magnetic field pulses during the early stage of rocket-triggered lightning. </em></p>
neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in early stage breast cancer as predictor of disease free survival
<p>The relationship between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and outcome probably a complex and multifactorial issues. High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is reflect the role of systemic inflammation in accelerate angiogenesis, tumor grow-up, and metastasis development.</p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> The study aimed to estimate the relation between NLR, and PLR with disease free survival (DFS), and assess the values of clinico-pathologic factors on the prognosis.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospectively we reviewed 1167 files and 102 patients with breast cancer included in Babylon Oncology Center from January 2009 to September 2014, and follow up for at least 36 months.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>102 patients, with mean age of 50.4 ± 11.7 years and minimum follow up 40 months, the overall median DFS was 62 months with 5 – years DFS of 52.5%, stage N0 show significant better DFS compared to stage N1 (P value 0.004), also patients with positive hormonal status show significant better DFS compared to negative hormonal status. The isolated local recurrence is 15% while combined local recurrences and distant metastasis is 37%.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NLR is a prognostic marker, and its establish the prediction models warrants further investigation. Increase NLR is strongly associated with poor DFS, and it can be as a predictive and prognostic factor.</p>
Example of using of two-stage graphic primitives recognition system
<p>Example of using of two-stage graphic primitives recognition system contains one video file with demonstration of result of work.</p>
A high-resolution speleothem record of Marine Isotope Stage 11 as a natural analog to Holocene Asian summer monsoon variations
<p>A full-spectrum characterization of past interglacial climate is a necessary prerequisite for the detection and attribution of climate changes during the current interglacial. Here we present a speleothem record of Asian summer monsoon (ASM) during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 interglacial (MIS 11c), from Yongxing cave, China. The record’s unprecedented chronologic constraints and decadal-scale temporal resolution allow a precise and direct comparison of ASM between the MIS 11c and the Holocene. Our data suggest that orbital–centennial patterns of ASM were remarkably similar during both interglacial, including their pacing and structure. Notably, a multi-millennial stronger monsoon late in MIS 11c, the ‘Late-MIS 11c shift’, is similar to the Late Holocene strengthening of the ASM, the ‘2-kyr shift’. Thus the multi-centennial ASM weakening at the end of the ‘Late-MIS 11c shift’ could imply that the current century-long ASM waning trend may persist into the future, if only natural forcings are considered.</p>
Data from "Comprehensive observations of the wire destruction and plasma channel reestablishment process during the initial stage of triggered lightning"
<p>The attached is the dataset assoicated with the paper titled "Comprehensive observations of the wire destruction and plasma channel reestablishment process during the initial stage of triggered lightning" which was submitted to <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em> . The data can be used freely for scientific purposes with appropriate citation.</p>
Figs. 45–47 in Mating behavior and description of immature stages of Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), identification key and remarks on known immatures of Cyclocephalini species
Figs. 45–47. Cyclocephala melanocephala, female pupa (dorsal, ventral, lateral). Scale = 5 mm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.