Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Fig. 1 in Nest Entry Shape Change May Cause Nest Abandonment In Urban Cavity-Nesting Species: A Case Study Of The Tree Sparrow Passer Montanus

Fig. 1. Location of the study area (left) and examples of Tree Sparrow nests at the study sites (right). Site 1: Agricultural Practical Training Center, Chonnam National University,

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Using geometric morphometrics to determine the 'fittest' floral shape: a case study in large-flowered buzz-pollinated Melastomataceae

PREMISE Floral shape, i.e. the relative arrangement and position of floral organs, is critical in mediating fit with pollinators and maximizing conspecific pollen transfer. This seems particularly true for functionally specialized systems. To date, however, few studies have attempted to quantify flowers as the inherently three-dimensional structures that they are, and determine the effect of intraspecific shape variation on pollen transfer. We here address this research gap using a functionally specialized system, buzz pollination, where bees extract pollen through vibrations, as a model. Our study species, Meriania hernandoi (Melastomataceae), undergoes a natural floral shape change from pseudo-campanulate corollas with more actinomorphically-arranged stamens (first day) to open corollas with more zygomorphic stamens (second day) over anthesis, providing a natural experiment to test how variation in floral shape affects male and female fitness. METHODS In one population of M. hernandoi, we bagged 51 pre-anthetic flowers and exposed half of them to bee pollinators when they were in either stage of their shape transition. We then collected flowers, obtained 3D flower models through X-ray Computed Tomography for 3D geometric morphometrics, and counted the amount of pollen grains remaining per stamen (male fitness) and stigmatic pollen loads (female fitness). KEY RESULTS We found significantly higher male fitness in open flowers with zygomorphic androecia than in pseudo-campanulate flowers. Female fitness did not differ among floral shapes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that there is an 'optimal' shape for male fitness, while the movement of bees around the flower when buzzing the spread-out stamens results in sufficient pollen deposition regardless of floral shape.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Supplementary data for the manuscript entitled "Evolution of the convective boundary layer in a WRF simulation nested down to 100 m resolution during a cloud-free case of LAFE 2017 and comparison to observations" (JGR Atmospheres)

This dataset contains additional material to reproduce the simulation and some of the figures of the manuscipt entitled "Evolution of the convective boundary layer in a WRF simulation nested down to 100 m resolution during a cloud-free case of LAFE 2017 and comparison to observations" in the Journal of Geophysical Reasseach - Atmospheres.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

nuMIDAS public use cases data

This data set contains all public data related to the use cases that were deployed in the nuMIDAS Horizon 2020 project during 2022 an 2023. For reasons of privacy, we have only provided data from the following use cases: <ul> <li>UC1 (Pre-planning of shared mobility services)</li> <li>UC2 (Operative areas analysis)</li> <li>UC4 (Planning for parking)</li> <li>UC6 (Assessment of traffic management scenarios)</li> </ul> UC3 (Air quality analysis and forecasting) and UC5 (Inflows and outflows in a metropolitan area) are as such not available due to private data. For more information, please refer to the public deliverables at <a href="https://www.numidas.eu/.">https://www.numidas.eu/.</a>

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Data from: Potentials of closed contour analysis in species differentiation and holotype designation: a case study on lower Norian (Upper Triassic) conodonts

Geometric morphometric approaches become increasingly applied in the fields of biology and paleontology. Taxonomy is a good example, where a long-standing intention of scientists is to eliminate subjectivity as much as possible. In the case of biostratigraphically important conodont elements, the application of such methods is not widespread. Indeed, only a handful of studies attempted to deal with the morphological variance of conodont elements from this aspect. The detailed description of five lower Norian (Upper Triassic) taxa (Ancyrogondolella quadrata, A. rigoi, A. triangularis, A. uniformis and Metapolygnathus mazzai) is presented here based on landmarks and Fourier analysis of the P1 element and keel outlines. Both methods led to similar outcomes regarding taxonomic differentiation and exposing shape variability. Consensus shapes were generated to objectively reveal the typical contour shape of each taxon, which allowed their comparison with each other, and with the members of their respective sample population including the holotypes. The results pointed out that the holotype of a taxon is generally not an average representative, but rather a peripheral form with well-separable morphological characteristics. Ancyrogondolella quadrata and A. rigoi turned out to represent a morphological continuum with ample transitional forms between these two end-members that may cause bias in their biostratigraphic applicability; however, their combined shape variance seems to be too large for uniting them into a single species. Given the results that may be too subtle to realize based solely on qualitative observations, future taxonomic studies and type material designation could greatly benefit from the application of similar methodologies.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Is plagiarism on the rise in Ethiopian politics? The case of three Master's theses at Addis Ababa University

After an inquiry for plagiarism, the University of Düsseldorf in Germany <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/09/german-education-minister-quits-phd-plagiarism">revoked Annette Schavan's doctorate degree in 2013</a>. Schavan (CDU) served as Germany's Federal Minister of Education from 2005 to 2013, and resigned after her PhD was revoked. Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg (CDU), Germany's defense minister, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/01/german-defence-minister-resigns-plagiarism">resigned in 2011</a> when plagiarism was discovered in his PhD dissertation. As a result, the VroniPlag Wiki was established, where the level of plagiarism in German doctorate theses is investigated and documented via crowdsourcing. As a consequence, dozens of politicians were deprived of their degrees, voluntarily abandoned them, or fled politics. <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/karriere-hochschule/hoersaal/franziska-giffey-verzicht-auf-doktortitel-ist-nicht-moeglich-18746134.html">Franziska Giffey (SPD) and Martin Huber (CSU)</a> are the most recent additions in 2023. The prestige of having an advanced degree is quite high in Ethiopia, as it is in Germany, and as a result, the temptation for shortcuts may be quite strong. We documented three instances of possible MSc thesis plagiarism at Addis Abeba University (AAU): Abraham Belay (2007), Takele Uma (2014), and Dagmawit Moges (2019), all of whom are (or were until recently) ministers in the Ethiopian government. The MSc theses were formally analysed for similarity with earlier works using <a href="https://www.turnitin.com/">Turnitin anti-plagiarism software</a>. The automated output was then further analysed. Similarities with works produced after or concurrently with the publishing date of the MSc theses were omitted from the similarity report; this pertains to a few instances of theses and articles in predatory journals that plagiarized passages from those theses. Also short similarities (eight words or less) were removed from the report. After that, the similarity scores remain high for the three MSc theses, with numerous fully copied paragraphs and sections. Abraham Belay published an MSc thesis on “<a href="http://etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/6598/Abraham%20belay.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">DSP based vector control of induction motor</a>” at AAU’s Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2007 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230124144908/http:/etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/6598/Abraham%20belay.pdf">archive</a>). In 2020, Abraham Belay (Prosperity Party) became minister of Innovation and Technology and in 2021 Minister of Defence. His MSc thesis presents 62% similarities with earlier work by other authors. See Annex A. Takele Uma published an MSc thesis on “<a href="http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/11897">Environmental and Economic Benefits of Bioslurry from Coffee Husk Relative to Chemical Fertilizer</a>” at AAU’s School of Chemical and Bio-Engineering in 2014 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230409120611/http:/etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/11897/Takele%20Uma.pdf">archive</a>). Takele Uma (PP) was mayor of Addis Ababa from 2018 to 2020 and minister of Mines and Petroleum of Ethiopia from 2020 to 2023. His MSc thesis presents 38% similarities with earlier work. See Annex B. Dagmawit Moges (PP) published an MSc thesis on “<a href="http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/19432">The Challenges and Prospects of Dynamic Electronic Service in Strengthening Demand-Responsive Transportation System in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</a>” at AAU’s Department of Public Administration and Development Management in 2019 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230409120757/http:/etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/19432/Dagmawit%20Moges.pdf">archive</a>). Dagmawit was minister of Transport and Communications of Ethiopia from 2018 to 2023. In March 2023, she became director at the Peace Fund Secretariat of the African Union Commission. She <a href="https://smartermobility-africa.com/speakers/h-e-dagmawit-moges-bekele/">chairs also the boards</a> of Woldiya University, the Ethiopian Post, and the Ethiopian Roads Authority. Her MSc thesis presents 33% similarities with earlier work. See Annex C. We encourage readers to review the entire Turnitin reports for the three theses. It is not impossible that further paragraphs extracted from grey literature were missed by the Turnitin algorithms. On 28 February 2020, Addis Ababa University sent a <a href="https://archive.today/2023.04.08-084235/https:/t.me/Addisababauniversity/105">message in Amharic on its Telegram</a> channel, stating in substance that AAU has an anti-plagiarism policy, since plagiarism has been a significant hindrance to the University's efforts to provide excellent education. AAU further states that, earlier on, it has revoked a master's degree it had issued to a student due to plagiarism. It is only logical, then, that the three MSc theses annexed be formally scrutinized for plagiarism and the degrees possibly rescinded. Last but not least, examining the legitimacy of the country's politicians' academic degrees would necessitate a collaborative effort, and we urge concerned academics, students, and alumni of Ethiopian universities to initiate a crowdsourcing effort to detect plagiarism in theses, as is done in Germany with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VroniPlag_Wiki">VroniPlag Wiki</a> and in Russia with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissernet">Dissernet</a>.   Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the owners of Twitter accounts @EgleGeek and @Zeate1 for pointing out that the three MSc theses addressed here reused texts from previous works. We would also like to thank Alex de Waal (Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA) and Boud Roukema (Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland) for exchanges of thoughts.   Annexes Annex A. <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7810624/files/Annex%20A%20-%20Abraham%20belay%20MSc%20thesis%20SimCheck2.pdf">Turnitin similarity report of the MSc thesis by Abraham Belay (2007)</a>. Annex B. <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7810624/files/Annex%20B%20-%20Takele%20Uma%20MSc%20thesis%20similarity%20check.pdf">Turnitin similarity report of the MSc thesis by Takele Uma (2014).</a> Annex C. <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7810624/files/Annex%20C%20-%20Dagmawit%20Moges%20MSc%20thesis%20similarity%20check.pdf">Turnitin similarity report of the MSc thesis by Dagmawit Moges (2019)</a>.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2010View details →

Figure 1 in Parasites as secret files of the trophic interactions of hosts: the case of the rufousbellied thrush Los parásitos como archivos secretos en las interacciones tróficas con sus hospederos: el caso del Zorzal Colorado

Figure 1. Relationship between body weight in grams (independent variable) of adult rufous-bellied thrushes (Turdus rufiventris) and species richness of parasites (dependent variable).

Data set for the manuscript "Development of Hydropower and the Environmental Impacts of Hydroelectric Dam Construction: A Case Study of the Three Gorges Dam"

This document provides the data set supplementary to the manuscript "Development of Hydropower and the Environmental Impacts of Hydroelectric Dam Construction: A Case Study of the Three Gorges Dam" Data content: Tables 1-3 <ul> <li>Table 1. The global annual data of GDP, surface temperature anomalies, carbon dioxide emissions and different kinds of renewable energy during 2000-2020. The renewable energy includes hydropower, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and others (unit: TWh).</li> <li>Table 2.  The annual mean temperature, CO2 emissions, and renewable energy data in China from 2000 to 2020. The renewable energy data include hydro, solar, and wind electricity generation (unit: kWh).</li> <li>Table 3. Annual variation of precipitation and biodiversity in the TGD area. Annual mean precipitation data over China and the TGD are provided. Biodiversity data include the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise, Carp Egg and Larvae, and the number of spawners in spawning ground for Acipenser_sinensis.</li> </ul>

FIG. 4 in Populations of a new morphotype of corrugate Lessonia Bory in the Beagle Channel, sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion: a possible case of on-going speciation

FIG. 4. — Phylogenetic tree based on concatenated ITS1 and atp8-trnS partial sequences (418 bp). Note that corrugated Lessonia Bory specimens are grouped with Lessonia flavicans Bory specimens which have smooth blade surface. First number on the branches refers to the bootstrap value determined from the ML phylogeny and the second is the posterior probability from the BI analysis. Scale bar: 0.05 substitution per site.

FIG. 5 in Populations of a new morphotype of corrugate Lessonia Bory in the Beagle Channel, sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion: a possible case of on-going speciation

FIG. 5. — Phylogenetic tree based on concatenated cox1 and cox3 partial sequences (1176 bp). Note that corrugated Lessonia Bory specimens are grouped with Lessonia flavicans Bory specimens which have smooth blade surface. First number on the branches refers to the bootstrap value determined from the ML phylogeny and the second is the posterior probability from the BI analysis. Scale bar: 0.01 substitution per site.

FIG. 3 in Populations of a new morphotype of corrugate Lessonia Bory in the Beagle Channel, sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion: a possible case of on-going speciation

FIG. 3. — Internal morphology of the corrugate Lessonia Bory: A, small angular meristodermal cells on the surface of blade; B, transverse section through a sterile portion of the blade; C, detail of meristoderm and cortex showing cells with full (right arrow) and reduced (left arrow) protoplast and golden bodies in outer cortex and mid cortex; and rounded light refracting bodies (arrowheads); D, detail of medulla showing cylindrical cells (arrow) and some elongated filaments (arrowhead) immersed in a dense intercellular matrix; E, surface view of a sorus; F, transverse section through a sorus; G, detail of sorus. Abbreviations: mer, meristoderm; oc, outer cortex; mc, mid cortex; ic, inner cortex; m, medulla; p, paraphyses; l, part of the lacuna; s, sporangia. Scale bars: A, 15 µm; B, 50 µm; C, G, 20 µm; D, E, 40 µm; F, 30 µm.

FIG. 1 in Populations of a new morphotype of corrugate Lessonia Bory in the Beagle Channel, sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion: a possible case of on-going speciation

FIG. 1. — Map of the sub-Antarctic ecoregion of Magellan showing the collection sites of the corrugate morphotype of Lessonia Bory, Lessonia flavicans Bory, and Lessonia searlesiana Asensi & Reviers. Strait of Magellan-Cockburn channel: a, Fuerte Bulnes; b, Carlos III Island. Beagle channel-Orange Bay: c, London Island; d, Puerto Aguirre; e, London Island; f, Cormoran Bay; g, Paula Cove; h, Puerto Toro; i, Tekenika Bay; j, Orange Bay. Cape Horn-Diego Ramirez Island: k, Diego Ramirez Island.

FIG. 2. — A in Populations of a new morphotype of corrugate Lessonia Bory in the Beagle Channel, sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion: a possible case of on-going speciation

FIG. 2. — A, External morphology of the corrugate Lessonia Bory showing the brownish terete stipe; B, corrugated blades; C, that arise from the base of the blade and from dichotomously divided branches; D, the holdfast is rhizoidal in shape and composed mainly of fused haptera. Scale bars: holotype, 30 cm; A, C, 2 cm; B, 5 cm; D, 8 cm.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Fig. 1 in The Cases Of Abnormal Amplexus In Anura On The Territory Of The Chernivtsi Region, Ukraine

Fig. 1. The examples of abnormal amplexus: a — multiple amplexus in Bombina variegata (one female, seven males), May 22, 2012, Stebnyk tract, Berehomet, Vyzhnytsia District; b — multiple amplexus in Rana temporaria (one female, two males), April 6, 2016, Perkalab, Vyzhnytsia District; c — interspecific amplexus (Ơ R. temporaria × ♀ P. ridibundus), March 29, 2016, Kitsman, Chernivtsi District; d — interspecific amplexus (Ơ R. dalmatina × ♀ R. temporaria), March 20, 2012, "Hariachyi Urban" Forest Park, Chernivtsi; e — interspecific amplexus (Ơ B. variegata × ♀ L. montandoni), May 13, 2010, Stebnyk tract, Berehomet, Vyzhnytsia District; f — amplexus between a male and inanimate object (Ơ Bufo bufo and the root of Nuphar lutea (L.) Smith 1809), April 3, 2016, Lake "Krugle boloto", Shypyntsi, Chernivtsi District.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Modelling compound flooding: A case study from Indonesia

Flood-prone areas can be vulnerable to a range of flooding mechanisms, with the associated hazards likely to increase due to the impacts of global climate change. Here, we investigate compound flooding from waves, sea surge and river flow in northern Jakarta, Indonesia, which is a global hotspot of flooding, by combining process-based coastal and river models. The coastal hydrodynamic modelling of Jakarta Bay shows that, coastal storms can lead to substantial increase in sea water level due to wind and wave setup in the nearshore areas. The compound flood hazard in the low-lying coastal areas surrounding the West Flood Canal in the northern Jakarta, which drains the Cilliwung river, from a range of statistically significant compound flood scenarios, was simulated and analysed. The results reveal that low-lying areas around the river estuary are prone to flooding even during regular, low-intensity storm events while rarer storms caused extensive floods. Floods were not caused by direct overwashing of sea defences but by overspill of riverbanks due to high sea water level caused by wind and wave setup and sea surge obstructing high river flows during compound events. Potential changes to future flooding in the northern Jakarta were investigated by taking into account the regional sea level rise and land subsidence in Jakarta in numerical flood simulations. It was found that the sea level rise combined with rapid land subsidence will inundate the existing coastal flood defences during storms. As vast areas of the city will be below mean sea level by 2100, overwashing of coastal defences will lead to extensive flooding in the northern, western, and eastern Jakarta even during more frequent low-intensity storms.

Water pollution in Höfen and COVID-19 cases in Austria

Dataset used for the project "Analysis of correlation between water pollution in Höfen and Covid-19 cases in Austria, 2020"

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

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Revisiting the historical scenario of a disease dissemination using genetic data and Approximate Bayesian Computation methodology: the case of Pseudocercospora fijiensis invasion in Africa

The reconstruction of geographic and demographic scenarios of dissemination for invasive pathogens of crops is a key step towards improving the management of emerging infectious diseases. Nowadays, the reconstruction of biological invasions typically uses the information of both genetic and historical information to test for different hypotheses of colonization. The Approximate Bayesian Computation framework and its recent Random Forest development (ABC-RF) have been successfully used in evolutionary biology to decipher multiple histories of biological invasions. Yet, for some organisms, typically plant pathogens, historical data may not be reliable notably because of the difficulty to identify the organism and the delay between the introduction and the first mention. We investigated the history of the invasion of Africa by the fungal pathogen of banana, Pseudocercospora fijiensis, by testing the historical hypothesis against other plausible hypotheses. We analysed the genetic structure of eight populations from six eastern and western African countries, using 20 microsatellite markers, and tested competing scenarios of population foundation using the ABC-RF methodology. We do find evidence for an invasion front consistent with the historical hypothesis, but also for the existence of another front never mentioned in historical records. We question the historical introduction point of the disease on the continent. Crucially, our results illustrate that even if ABC-RF inferences may sometimes fail to infer a single, well-supported scenario of invasion, they can be helpful in rejecting unlikely scenarios, which can prove much useful to shed light on disease dissemination routes.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Analysis of correlation between water pollution in Höfen and Covid-19 cases in Austria, in 2020 dataset

Dataset about water pollution in Höfen and COVID-19 cases in Austria, in 2020. The measured water pollution corresponds to the daily COVID-19 cases and deaths.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2022View details →

Dataset used in "Comment on "Soil salinity assessment by using near-infrared channel and Vegetation Soil Salinity Index derived from Landsat 8 OLI data: a case study in the Tra Vinh Province, Mekong Delta, Vietnam" by Kim-Anh Nguyen, Yuei-An Liou, Ha-Phuong Tran, Phi-Phung Hoang and Thanh-Hung Nguyen"

The Excel file provides all the data included in Tab.4 of Nguyen et al. 2020 plus reflectances extracted from the Landsat 8 OLI image acquired on 14 February 2017 and downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer website. Observations on the number of pixels falling of water, land and mixed water/land surfaces are provided as well as water percentage cover estimated using regular spaced points.  The dataset includes vector files (kml format) of the grids corresponding to the selected L8 pixels as well as the regularly spaced points generated within the selected pixels. These files can be imported in QGIS, Google Earth Pro and other free GIS software.

Figure 7 in Phylogenetic biome conservatism as a key concept for an integrative understanding of evolutionary history: Galliformes and Falconiformes as study cases

Figure 7. Biome transitions in Falconiformes. The number of recent species is indicated inside the circles. Arrow thickness is proportional to the number of colonizations. The dashed lines indicate only one colonization event. The number of transitions that did not imply colonization (niche conservatism) is indicated as different areas of the circles, classified in four categories. For more details about absolute scores, see Table 3.