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Subspecies and Distribution. V. v. vulpes Linnaeus, 1758 — N Europe (Scandinavia). V. v. abietorum Merriam, 1900 — SW Canada (Alberta & British Columbia). V. v. aegyptiacus Sonnini, 1816 — Egypt, Israel, and Lybia. V. v. alascensis Merriam, 1900 — Alaska and NW Canada (NW Territories & Yukon). V. v. alpheraky: Satunin, 1906 — Kazakhstan. V. v. anatolica Thomas, 1920 — Turkey. V. v. arabica Thomas, 1902 — Arabian peninsula. V. v. atlantica Wagner, 1841 — Algeria (forested Atlas Mts). V. v. bangsi Merriam, 1900 — NE Canada (Labrador). V. v. barbara Shaw, 1800 — NW Africa (Barbary Coast). V. v. beringiana Middendorff, 1875 — NE Siberia (shore of Bering Strait). V. v. cascadensis Merriam, 1900 — NW USA (Cascade Mountains, Oregon & Washington). V. v. caucasica Dinnik, 1914 — SW Russia (Caucasus). V. v. crucigera Bechstein, 1789 — Europe through N & C Russia. V. v. daurica Ognev, 1931 — E Russia (Amur, Siberia & Transbaikalia). V.v. deletrix Bangs, 1898 — NE Canada (Newfoundland). V. v. dolichocrania Ognev, 1926 — SE Siberia (S Ussuri). V. v. flavescens Gray, 1843 — N Iran. V. v. fulva Desmarest, 1820 — E USA. V. v. griffith: Blyth, 1854 — Afghanistan and N Pakistan. V.v. harrimani Merriam, 1900 — Alaska (Kodiak I). V. v. hoole Swinhoe, 1870 — S China (Fujian to Sichuan). V. v. ichnusae G. S. Miller, 1907 — Corsica and Sardinia. V. v. induta G. S. Miller, 1907 — Cyprus. V. v. jakutensis Ognev, 1923 — E Siberia (S of Yakutsk). V. v. japonica Gray, 1868 — Japan. V. v. karagan Erxleben, 1777 — Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and Kirgizstan. V. v. kenaiensis Merriam, 1900 — Alaska (Kenai Peninsula). V. v. kurdistanica Satunin, 1906 — Armenia and NE Turkey. V. v. macroura Baird, 1852 — USA (Mountain States). V. v. montana Pearson, 1836 — Himalayas form China (Yunnan) to C Pakistan. V. v. mecator Merriam, 1900 — SW USA (California & Nevada). V_ v. ochroxantha Ognev, 1926 — E Russian Turkestan, Aksai, Kirgizstan, Semirechie. V. v. palaestina Thomas, 1920 —Jordan and Lebanon. V.v. peculiosa Kishida, 1924 — Korea. V. v. pusilla Blyth, 1854 — NW India to Irak. V.v. regalis Merriam, 1900 — N Great Plains of Canada and USA. V. v. rubricosa Bangs, 1898 — E Canada. V.v. schrencki Kishida, 1924 — N Japan (Hokkaido) and NE Russia (Sakhalin). V. v. silacea G. S. Miller, 1907 — Iberian Peninsula. V.v. splendidissima Kishida, 1924 — E Russia (N & C Kurile Is). V. v. stepensis Brauner, 1914 — steppes of S Russia. V. v. tobolica Ognev, 1926 — Russia (lower basin of Ob River) V. v. tschiliensis Matschie, 1907 — NE China. Foxes of European origin were introduced into E USA and Canada in the 17" century, subsequently mixed with local subspecies. Also introduced to Australia in 1800s, and the Falkland Islands (Malvinas). in Canidae

Subspecies and Distribution. V. v. vulpes Linnaeus, 1758 — N Europe (Scandinavia). V. v. abietorum Merriam, 1900 — SW Canada (Alberta & British Columbia). V. v. aegyptiacus Sonnini, 1816 — Egypt, Israel, and Lybia. V. v. alascensis Merriam, 1900 — Alaska and NW Canada (NW Territories & Yukon). V. v. alpheraky: Satunin, 1906 — Kazakhstan. V. v. anatolica Thomas, 1920 — Turkey. V. v. arabica Thomas, 1902 — Arabian peninsula. V. v. atlantica Wagner, 1841 — Algeria (forested Atlas Mts). V. v. bangsi Merriam, 1900 — NE Canada (Labrador). V. v. barbara Shaw, 1800 — NW Africa (Barbary Coast). V. v. beringiana Middendorff, 1875 — NE Siberia (shore of Bering Strait). V. v. cascadensis Merriam, 1900 — NW USA (Cascade Mountains, Oregon & Washington). V. v. caucasica Dinnik, 1914 — SW Russia (Caucasus). V. v. crucigera Bechstein, 1789 — Europe through N & C Russia. V. v. daurica Ognev, 1931 — E Russia (Amur, Siberia & Transbaikalia). V.v. deletrix Bangs, 1898 — NE Canada (Newfoundland). V. v. dolichocrania Ognev, 1926 — SE Siberia (S Ussuri). V. v. flavescens Gray, 1843 — N Iran. V. v. fulva Desmarest, 1820 — E USA. V. v. griffith: Blyth, 1854 — Afghanistan and N Pakistan. V.v. harrimani Merriam, 1900 — Alaska (Kodiak I). V. v. hoole Swinhoe, 1870 — S China (Fujian to Sichuan). V. v. ichnusae G. S. Miller, 1907 — Corsica and Sardinia. V. v. induta G. S. Miller, 1907 — Cyprus. V. v. jakutensis Ognev, 1923 — E Siberia (S of Yakutsk). V. v. japonica Gray, 1868 — Japan. V. v. karagan Erxleben, 1777 — Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and Kirgizstan. V. v. kenaiensis Merriam, 1900 — Alaska (Kenai Peninsula). V. v. kurdistanica Satunin, 1906 — Armenia and NE Turkey. V. v. macroura Baird, 1852 — USA (Mountain States). V. v. montana Pearson, 1836 — Himalayas form China (Yunnan) to C Pakistan. V. v. mecator Merriam, 1900 — SW USA (California & Nevada). V_ v. ochroxantha Ognev, 1926 — E Russian Turkestan, Aksai, Kirgizstan, Semirechie. V. v. palaestina Thomas, 1920 —Jordan and Lebanon. V.v. peculiosa Kishida, 1924 — Korea. V. v. pusilla Blyth, 1854 — NW India to Irak. V.v. regalis Merriam, 1900 — N Great Plains of Canada and USA. V. v. rubricosa Bangs, 1898 — E Canada. V.v. schrencki Kishida, 1924 — N Japan (Hokkaido) and NE Russia (Sakhalin). V. v. silacea G. S. Miller, 1907 — Iberian Peninsula. V.v. splendidissima Kishida, 1924 — E Russia (N & C Kurile Is). V. v. stepensis Brauner, 1914 — steppes of S Russia. V. v. tobolica Ognev, 1926 — Russia (lower basin of Ob River) V. v. tschiliensis Matschie, 1907 — NE China. Foxes of European origin were introduced into E USA and Canada in the 17" century, subsequently mixed with local subspecies. Also introduced to Australia in 1800s, and the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Dcp2 C-terminal cis-binding elements control selective targeting of the decapping enzyme by forming distinct decapping complexes

A single Dcp1-Dcp2 decapping enzyme targets diverse classes of yeast mRNAs for decapping-dependent 5' to 3' decay, but the molecular mechanisms controlling selective mRNA targeting by the enzyme remain elusive. Through extensive genetic analyses we uncover cis-regulatory elements in the Dcp2 C-terminal domain that control selective targeting of the decapping enzyme by forming distinct decapping complexes. Two Upf1-binding motifs target the decapping enzyme to NMD substrates, and a single Edc3-binding motif targets both Edc3 and Dhh1 substrates. Pat1-binding leucine-rich motifs target Edc3 and Dhh1 substrates under selective conditions. Although it functions as a unique targeting component of specific complexes, Edc3 is a common component of multiple complexes. Xrn1 also has a specific Dcp2 binding site, allowing it to be directly recruited to decapping complexes. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Upf1, Edc3, and Pat1 function as regulatory subunits of the holo-decapping enzyme, controlling both its targeting specificity and enzymatic activation

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Parallelism in endocarp form sheds light on fruit syndrome evolution in Viburnum

All Viburnum species produce drupes with a hardened endocarp surrounding a single seed. Endocarp form varies greatly within Viburnum, and differences in shape have long been used to distinguish major subclades. Here we trace the evolution of Viburnum endocarp shape using morphometric analyses and phylogenies for 115 Viburnum species. Endocarp measurements were obtained from fruits sampled from herbarium specimens and from field collections, and shapes were analyzed using elliptical Fourier analysis. We infer that the first viburnums had flattened and grooved endocarps. Subsequently, there were multiple losses of grooving in conjunction with shifts to both highly flattened and nearly round endocarps. In several clades the parallel evolution of a derived endocarp shape was accompanied by changes in a suite of other fruit traits, yielding distinctive fruit syndromes likely related to bird dispersal. However, in other clades endocarp shapes similar to the ancestral form have been retained while other fruit traits (color, amount of flesh, nutritional content) have diverged. We quantify cases of parallel evolution in endocarp shape that cut across recognized fruit syndromes such as red, carbohydrate rich fruits with flattened endocarps or blue, lipid rich fruits with round endocarps. Our analyses now invite studies of function and the selective factors that have yielded the distinctive suites of fruit and seed traits that distinguish the major Viburnum lineages.

Subspecies and Distribution. M. d. decemlineata Grandidier, 1867 — CW Madagascar (Menabe region). M. d. lineata Pocock, 1915 — SW Madagascar (S of the Mangoky River). The previous records ofthis form in the Lac Tsimanampetsotsa area are misidentified specimens of Grandidier's Vontsira. in Eupleridae

Subspecies and Distribution. M. d. decemlineata Grandidier, 1867 — CW Madagascar (Menabe region). M. d. lineata Pocock, 1915 — SW Madagascar (S of the Mangoky River). The previous records ofthis form in the Lac Tsimanampetsotsa area are misidentified specimens of Grandidier's Vontsira.

Subspecies and distribution. G. e. elegans Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1837 — E Madagascar (from the region surrounding the Andapa Basin S to Tolagnaro). G. e. dambrensis Tate & Rand, 1941 — N Madagascar (originally described from Montagne d'Ambre, but animals at Ankarana are also referable to this form). G. e. occidentalis Albignac, 1971 — CW Madagascar (limestone regions of Bemaraha, Namoroka & Kelifely). in Eupleridae

Subspecies and distribution. G. e. elegans Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1837 — E Madagascar (from the region surrounding the Andapa Basin S to Tolagnaro). G. e. dambrensis Tate & Rand, 1941 — N Madagascar (originally described from Montagne d'Ambre, but animals at Ankarana are also referable to this form). G. e. occidentalis Albignac, 1971 — CW Madagascar (limestone regions of Bemaraha, Namoroka & Kelifely).

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Impacts of growth form and phylogenetic relatedness on seed germination: a large-scale analysis of a subtropical regional flora

Plant regeneration strategy plays a critical role in species survival and can be used as a proxy for the evolutionary response of species to climate change. However, information on the effects of key plant traits and phylogenetic relatedness on seed germination is limited at large regional scales that vary in climate. To test the hypotheses that phylogenetic niche conservatism plays a critical force in shaping seed ecophysiological traits across species, and also drives their response to climatic fluctuation, we conducted a controlled experiment on seed germination and determined the percentage and rate of germination for 249 species in subtropical China under two temperature regimes (i.e., daily 25ºC; daily alternating 25/15ºC for each 12 h). Germination was low with a skewed distribution (mean = 38.9% at 25ºC, and 43.3% at 25/15ºC). One fifth of the species had low (<10%) and slow (4–30d) germination, and only a few (8%) species had a high (>80%) and rapid (1.2–6.6d) germination. All studied plant traits (including germination responses) showed a significant phylogenetic signal, with an exception of seed germination percentage under the alternating temperature scenario. Generalized linear models (GLMs) and phylogenetic generalized estimation equations (GEEs) demonstrated that growth form and seed dispersal mode were strong drivers of germination. Our experimental study highlights that integrating plant key traits and phylogeny is critical to predicting seed germination response to future climate change.

opennotspecifiedAug 2011View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. B. j. javanicus d'Alton, 1823 — Java, perhaps Bali. B. j. birmanicus Lydekker, 1898 — Asian mainland including Myanmar, S China (S Yunnan, current presence uncertain), Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and N Peninsular Malaysia. B. j. low: Lydekker, 1912 — Borneo. The domestic form of the Banteng has been introduced, and is now feral, in N Australia, New Guinea, and on various islands of Indonesia (Bali, Sangihe, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Sumba, and Enggano) and occurs in domestication throughout the islands of SE Asia. in Bovidae

Subspecies and Distribution. B. j. javanicus d'Alton, 1823 — Java, perhaps Bali. B. j. birmanicus Lydekker, 1898 — Asian mainland including Myanmar, S China (S Yunnan, current presence uncertain), Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and N Peninsular Malaysia. B. j. low: Lydekker, 1912 — Borneo. The domestic form of the Banteng has been introduced, and is now feral, in N Australia, New Guinea, and on various islands of Indonesia (Bali, Sangihe, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Sumba, and Enggano) and occurs in domestication throughout the islands of SE Asia.

opennotspecifiedAug 2011View details →

Distribution. Sulawesi and adjacent Is (Buton, Kabaena, Muna, Peleng, Lembeh, and on some of the Togian Is); thought to be extinct on Selayar I. Pigs have been widely domesticated through the Indonesian archipelago and beyond. This primarily involved the Eurasian Wild Pig (S. scrofa), but also S. celebensis, the only other species of pig successfully domesticated. Mitochondrial DNA studies of the dispersion of these domesticated forms agree on three major dispersal events, two involving S. scrofa and one S. celebensis. Evidence supports an early human-mediated translocation of S. celebensis to Flores and Timor and two later, separate human-mediated dispersals of domestic pig through islands of SE Asia into Oceania. In addition to Flores and Timor, S. celebensis is also thought to occur in its domesticated form on Halmahera, Lendu, Roti, and Savur Is, and even on Simeulue and Nias Is to the W of Sumatra and far from its island of origin, Sulawesi. In the Moluccas, and possibly elsewhere in this region, introduced S. celebensis are thought to have hybridized with other introduced pigs of S. scrofa derivation, and apparent hybrids between these species are now reported to survive on a number of islands, including Salawatti, Great Kei, Dobu, Seram, Ambon, Bacan, Ternate, Morotai, and New Guinea. It is also reported that in the 19" century the sows of domestic pigs in Sulawesi frequently mated with wild animals, after which they returned to their villages. in Suidae

Distribution. Sulawesi and adjacent Is (Buton, Kabaena, Muna, Peleng, Lembeh, and on some of the Togian Is); thought to be extinct on Selayar I. Pigs have been widely domesticated through the Indonesian archipelago and beyond. This primarily involved the Eurasian Wild Pig (S. scrofa), but also S. celebensis, the only other species of pig successfully domesticated. Mitochondrial DNA studies of the dispersion of these domesticated forms agree on three major dispersal events, two involving S. scrofa and one S. celebensis. Evidence supports an early human-mediated translocation of S. celebensis to Flores and Timor and two later, separate human-mediated dispersals of domestic pig through islands of SE Asia into Oceania. In addition to Flores and Timor, S. celebensis is also thought to occur in its domesticated form on Halmahera, Lendu, Roti, and Savur Is, and even on Simeulue and Nias Is to the W of Sumatra and far from its island of origin, Sulawesi. In the Moluccas, and possibly elsewhere in this region, introduced S. celebensis are thought to have hybridized with other introduced pigs of S. scrofa derivation, and apparent hybrids between these species are now reported to survive on a number of islands, including Salawatti, Great Kei, Dobu, Seram, Ambon, Bacan, Ternate, Morotai, and New Guinea. It is also reported that in the 19" century the sows of domestic pigs in Sulawesi frequently mated with wild animals, after which they returned to their villages.

opennotspecifiedNov 2021View details →

FIGURE 0.A–B. Phlegmariurus tenuis—(A: Ecuador: Spruce 5604; B: Holm-Nielsen et al. 5342, AAU) A. Growth habit. A1. Closeup of basal division. A2. Close-up of sporangiate division. B. Growth habit of shade form. B1. Close-up of basal division. B2. Close-up of sporangiate division.—C. Phlegmariurus curvifolius (Ecuador: C + C2 Lugo 848, AAU; C1 Harling & Andersson 17354, AAU). C. Growth habit. C1. Close-up of basal division. C2. Close-up of terminal sporangiate division. Drawing by B. Johnsen. in The Lycopodiaceae of Panamá

FIGURE 0.A–B. Phlegmariurus tenuis—(A: Ecuador: Spruce 5604; B: Holm-Nielsen et al. 5342, AAU) A. Growth habit. A1. Closeup of basal division. A2. Close-up of sporangiate division. B. Growth habit of shade form. B1. Close-up of basal division. B2. Close-up of sporangiate division.—C. Phlegmariurus curvifolius (Ecuador: C + C2 Lugo 848, AAU; C1 Harling & Andersson 17354, AAU). C. Growth habit. C1. Close-up of basal division. C2. Close-up of terminal sporangiate division. Drawing by B. Johnsen.

opennotspecifiedMar 2013View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. A. s. seniculus Linnaeus, 1766 — Colombia wherever there is forest (except along the Pacific coast and in the desert of the Guajira Peninsula in the far N), NW Venezuela (around Lake Maracaibo), Amazonian Brazil (N of the Solimoes and S of the Rio Negro), E Ecuador and E Peru (E of the Andes, E of the Rio Huallaga, to the upper rios Maranon, Napo, and Putumayo). A. s. juara Elliot, 1910 = W Amazonian Brazil S of the Solimoes, extending W into Amazonian Peru, in the Jurua Basin and, considering the form amazonica to be a synonym, extending across the Rio Solimoes to the interfluvium of the rios Japura and Negro; the W limit defining its distribution is not known. A. s. puruensis Lonnberg, 1941 — Brazilian Amazon, from the Rio Jurua Basin E to the lower Rio Madeira and the middle Rio Aripuana, it extends E across the upper Aripuana to the Rio Teles Pires, to the S is restricted to the N of the Rio Abuna, a left bank tributary of the Rio Madeira that extends along the N border of Bolivia; its occurrence is uncertain in the N of Rondonia State, S of the Rio Ji-parana, although it occurs in S Rondonia, to the Rio Mamoré-Guaporé, in the Serra da Pacaas Novos, and E through the Serra dos Parecis to the Rio Teles Pires. in Atelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. s. seniculus Linnaeus, 1766 — Colombia wherever there is forest (except along the Pacific coast and in the desert of the Guajira Peninsula in the far N), NW Venezuela (around Lake Maracaibo), Amazonian Brazil (N of the Solimoes and S of the Rio Negro), E Ecuador and E Peru (E of the Andes, E of the Rio Huallaga, to the upper rios Maranon, Napo, and Putumayo). A. s. juara Elliot, 1910 = W Amazonian Brazil S of the Solimoes, extending W into Amazonian Peru, in the Jurua Basin and, considering the form amazonica to be a synonym, extending across the Rio Solimoes to the interfluvium of the rios Japura and Negro; the W limit defining its distribution is not known. A. s. puruensis Lonnberg, 1941 — Brazilian Amazon, from the Rio Jurua Basin E to the lower Rio Madeira and the middle Rio Aripuana, it extends E across the upper Aripuana to the Rio Teles Pires, to the S is restricted to the N of the Rio Abuna, a left bank tributary of the Rio Madeira that extends along the N border of Bolivia; its occurrence is uncertain in the N of Rondonia State, S of the Rio Ji-parana, although it occurs in S Rondonia, to the Rio Mamoré-Guaporé, in the Serra da Pacaas Novos, and E through the Serra dos Parecis to the Rio Teles Pires.

opennotspecifiedMar 2021View details →

FIGURE. Euphorbia crassicaulis, reddish form in cultivation in the National Tree Museum Gimborn, The Netherlands. A. flowering branch; B. detail of a cyathium and cyathophylls. Credits: W.L.A. Hetterscheid (A and B). in Novelties in Malagasy Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)

FIGURE. Euphorbia crassicaulis, reddish form in cultivation in the National Tree Museum Gimborn, The Netherlands. A. flowering branch; B. detail of a cyathium and cyathophylls. Credits: W.L.A. Hetterscheid (A and B).

opennotspecifiedDec 2021View details →

FIGURE 7. Danielatettix caudatus n. comb. Color variation A. Color form 2. B. Form 3. C. Form 4. D. Form 5 in The status of Micronotus Hancock, 1902 species (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)

FIGURE 7. Danielatettix caudatus n. comb. Color variation A. Color form 2. B. Form 3. C. Form 4. D. Form 5.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Data from: Population collapse of habitat-forming species in the Mediterranean: a long-term study of gorgonian populations affected by recurrent marine heatwaves

Understanding the resilience of temperate reefs to climate change requires exploring the recovery capacity of their habitat-forming species from recurrent marine heatwaves (MHWs). Here, we show that, in a Mediterranean highly enforced Marine Protected Area established more than 40 years ago, habitat-forming octocoral populations that were firstly affected by a severe MHW in 2003 have not recovered after 15 years. Contrarily, they have followed collapse trajectories that have brought them to the brink of local ecological extinction. Since 2003, impacted populations of the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826) and the red coral Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758) have followed different trends in terms of size structure, but a similar progressive reduction in density and biomass. Concurrently, recurrent MHWs were observed in the area during the 2003-2018 study period, which may have hindered populations recovery. The studied octocorals play a unique habitat-forming role in the coralligenous assemblages (i.e., reefs endemic to the Mediterranean Sea home to approximately 10% of its species). Therefore, our results underpin the great risk that recurrent MHWs pose for the long-term integrity and functioning of these emblematic temperate reefs.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Data extraction form - A Systematic Literature Review on Prioritizing Software Test Cases using Markov Chains

A data extraction form was created to gather all relevant data from the identified studies and manage the selection process in this systematic literature review. Some of the main information presented in this form was followed by a protocol, identifier (id) for each returned study, bibliographic reference, and answers to research questions. This catalog helps us in the data extraction and synthesis procedures and may be used by potentially interested, for example, for updating or replication.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Data from: Effects of poly(vinyl alcohol) blending with Ag/alginate solutions to form nanocomposite fibers for potential use as antibacterial wound dressings

The first set of data comprise FTIR spectra of Ca-alginate, Ag/Ca-alginate, pure PVA, PVA/Ca-alginate, and PVA/Ag/Ca-alginate fibers. The fibers were obtained by extrusion and gelation of the aqueous solutions with following compositions: for Ag/Ca-alginate fibers - 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate and AgNPs at 2.6 mM, for Ca-alginate fibers - 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, for PVA fibers - 5.7 % w/v PVA, for PVA/Ca-alginate fibers - 5.7 % w/v PVA and 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, and for PVA/Ag/Ca-alginate fibers - 5.7 % w/v PVA, 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate and AgNPs at 2.6 mM. The second set of data are UV-Visible absorption spectra of the initial PVA/Ag/Na-alginate colloid solution (5.7 % w/v PVA, 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, 2.6 mM nominal silver concentration) and resulting fibers produced after gelling of alginate after dissolution in 2.28 % w/v sodium citrate solution. The third set of data are force and stroke values over time measured by using a Universal Testing Machine for Ca-alginate fibers obtained from the 1.27 ± 0.08 % w/v Na-alginate solution and PVA/Ca-alginate fibers, obtained from the solution containing 5.67 % w/v PVA and 1.27 ± 0.08 % w/v Na-alginate at the initial time, and after drying and rehydration for 24 h and 48 h in physiological saline solution.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

1. A natural fusion between a flavodiiron protein, rubredoxin and NADH:rubredoxin oxidoreductase is responsible for the H2O-forming oxidase activity in Trichomonas vaginalis

Homology models fit to a 6.8Å cryo-EM map of T. vaginalis FDPF3.

Subspecies and Distribution. M. d. decemlineata Grandidier, 1867 — CW Madagascar (Menabe region). M. d. lineata Pocock, 1915 — SW Madagascar (S of the Mangoky River). The previous records ofthis form in the Lac Tsimanampetsotsa area are misidentified specimens of Grandidier's Vontsira. in Eupleridae

opennotspecifiedJan 2022View details →

FIGURE 3 in Anemone pindariensis (Ranunculaceae), most recently described from the western Himalaya in India, is a teratological form of A. rivularis

FIGURE 3. Selected specimens of the teratological form of Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore. A. China, Qinghai, Datong, Loess Exped. 5349 (WUK). B. China, Qinghai, Nangqên, X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 8358 (HNWP). C. China, Qinghai, Zadoi, Y.H. Wu 32705 (HNWP). D. China, Shanxi, Jiaocheng, Anonymous 1620013 (SXTCM).

opennotspecifiedJan 2022View details →

FIGURE 1. A in Anemone pindariensis (Ranunculaceae), most recently described from the western Himalaya in India, is a teratological form of A. rivularis

FIGURE 1. A metamorphosed flower (A: top view; B: lateral view) in Anemone rivularis from Gyirong county in southern Xizang, China. Photographed by You-Pai Zeng.