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3,018 results for “aire”
Mobile and stationary air pollution measurements around an air quality monitoring site on Mäkelänkatu in Helsinki, Finland
<p>Mobile and stationary measurements of air pollution around an air quality monitoring site on Mäkelänkatu in Helsinki, Finland. The datasets are used in evaluating high-resolution air quality simulations conducted with the PALM model system 6.0. The dataset contains:</p> <ul> <li>drone_data: measurements of vertical profiles of lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) conducted using a drone in summer and winter 2017</li> <li>kumpula_airquality_data: <ul> <li>airquality: basic air quality observations from the SMEAR III station</li> <li>dmps: aerosol size distribution observations using DMPS from the SMEAR III station</li> </ul> </li> <li>met_data: <ul> <li>kivenlahti_mast_DDMMYYYY.txt: Kivenlahti mast observations</li> <li>Meteorology_YYMM_10.txt: SMEAR III observations</li> </ul> </li> <li>sniffer_data/long/[timeofday]YYYYMMDD.dat: horizontal distribution of air pollutants measured by the mobile laboratory Sniffer</li> <li>supersite_data: measurements from the air quality monitoring station on Mäkelänkatu <ul> <li>AQdata: air quality observations</li> <li>DMPS: aerosol size distribution observations using DMPS</li> <li>ACSM: aerosol chemical composition measurements using ACSM</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p>
Elevation effects on air temperature in a topographically complex mountain valley in the Spanish Pyrenees
<p>Data for Atmosphere Journal.</p>
Simulations of the air-water interface at the presence of salt, Dang ions + SPCE water model
<p>Simulations of a water–air interface. There are ~20000 water molecules with various concentrations of NaCl or CaCl_2 in a simulation box of 12*12*22 nm^3. The SPCE water and the ions by Dang et al. are used. The numbering in file names corresponds to the different concentrations, and data for a pure water–air interface "NOION" is also provided. GROMACS-compatible inputs are provided: simulation parameters (md.mdp), topologies (top), and index (ndx) files. Initial structure can be extracted from the tpr file using gmx editconf. The run input (tpr) is provided, as are the outputs: energy file (edr), trajectory (xtc), and final structure (gro). Surface tensions can be extracted by gmx energy.</p> <p>These values are reported in DOI: [ADD].</p> <p>Data for scaled ions based on the electronic continuum correction (ECC) with two different water models are provided in DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3888383 (SPCE) and DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3888369 (OPC).</p> <p> </p>
Simulations of the air-water interface at the presence of salt, ECC ions + SPCE water model
<p>Simulations of a water–air interface. There are ~20000 water molecules with various concentrations of NaCl or CaCl_2 in a simulation box of 12*12*22 nm^3. The SPCE water and the ions with scaled charges based on the electronic continuum correction (ECC) are used. The numbering in file names corresponds to the different concentrations, and data for a pure water–air interface "NOION" is also provided. GROMACS-compatible inputs are provided: simulation parameters (md.mdp), topologies (top), and index (ndx) files. Initial structure can be extracted from the tpr file using gmx editconf. The run input (tpr) is provided, as are the outputs: energy file (edr), trajectory (xtc), and final structure (gro). Surface tensions can be extracted by gmx energy.</p> <p>These values are reported in DOI: [ADD].</p> <p>Data for these ECC ions with OPC water is provided at DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3888369 and for the full charge ions by Dang et al. in SPCE water at DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3888436.</p>
Crowdsourced air traffic data from The OpenSky Network 2020 [CC-BY]
<p><strong>Motivation</strong></p> <p>The data in this dataset is derived and cleaned from the full OpenSky dataset to illustrate the development of air traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic. It spans all flights seen by the network's more than 2500 members since 1 January 2020. More data will be periodically included in the dataset until the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> <p><strong>License</strong></p> <p>Creative Commons CC-BY</p> <p>The only difference with the <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3928550">original dataset</a> comes from anonymised aircraft information.</p> <p><strong>Disclaimer</strong></p> <p>The data provided in the files is provided as is. Despite our best efforts at filtering out potential issues, some information could be erroneous.</p> <ul> <li>Origin and destination airports are computed online based on the ADS-B trajectories on approach/takeoff: no crosschecking with external sources of data has been conducted.<br> Fields <strong>origin</strong> or <strong>destination</strong> are empty when no airport could be found.</li> <li>Aircraft information come from the OpenSky aircraft database. Fields <strong>typecode</strong> and <strong>registration</strong> are empty when the aircraft is not present in the database.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Description of the dataset</strong></p> <p>One file per month is provided as a csv file with the following features:</p> <ul> <li><strong>callsign</strong>: the identifier of the flight displayed on ATC screens (usually the first three letters are reserved for an airline: AFR for Air France, DLH for Lufthansa, etc.)</li> <li><strong>number</strong>: the commercial number of the flight, when available (the matching with the callsign comes from public open API)</li> <li><strong>aircraft_uid</strong>: a unique anonymised identifier for aircraft;</li> <li><strong>typecode</strong>: the aircraft model type (when available);</li> <li><strong>origin</strong>: a four letter code for the origin airport of the flight (when available);</li> <li><strong>destination</strong>: a four letter code for the destination airport of the flight (when available);</li> <li><strong>firstseen</strong>: the UTC timestamp of the first message received by the OpenSky Network;</li> <li><strong>lastseen</strong>: the UTC timestamp of the last message received by the OpenSky Network;</li> <li><strong>day</strong>: the UTC day of the last message received by the OpenSky Network;</li> <li><strong>latitude_1</strong>, <strong>longitude_1</strong>, <strong>altitude_1</strong>: the first detected position of the aircraft;</li> <li><strong>latitude_2</strong>, <strong>longitude_2</strong>, <strong>altitude_2</strong>: the last detected position of the aircraft.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Examples</strong></p> <p>Possible visualisations and a more detailed description of the data are available at the following page:<br> <<a href="https://traffic-viz.github.io/scenarios/covid19.html">https://traffic-viz.github.io/scenarios/covid19.html</a>></p> <p><strong>Credit</strong></p> <p>If you use this dataset, please cite the original OpenSky paper:</p> <p>Matthias Schäfer, Martin Strohmeier, Vincent Lenders, Ivan Martinovic and Matthias Wilhelm.<br> "Bringing Up OpenSky: A Large-scale ADS-B Sensor Network for Research".<br> In<em> Proceedings of the 13th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN)</em>, pages 83-94, April 2014.</p> <p>and the traffic library used to derive the data:</p> <p>Xavier Olive.<br> "traffic, a toolbox for processing and analysing air traffic data."<br> <em>Journal of Open Source Software</em> 4(39), July 2019.</p>
Traces of air and body temperature in six hummingbird species in the Andes
<p>Torpor is thought to be particularly important for small endotherms occupying cold environments and with limited fat reserves to fuel metabolism. It remains mysterious why, among birds, torpor is both rare and variable in extent. We investigated torpor in a hummingbird community at ~3,800 m a.s.l. in the tropical Andes by monitoring body temperature (<i>T</i><sub>b</sub>) in 26 individuals of six species held captive overnight and experiencing natural air temperature (<i>T</i><sub>a</sub>) patterns. All species used pronounced torpor, with one <i>Metallura phoebe</i> reaching a minimum <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> of 3.26 °C, the lowest value yet reported for any bird or non-hibernating mammal. The extent and duration of nocturnal torpor varied among species, with overnight body mass (<i>M</i><sub>b</sub>) loss negatively correlated with both minimum <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> and bout duration. We found a significant phylogenetic signal for minimum <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> and overnight <i>M</i><sub>b</sub> loss, consistent with evolutionarily conserved thermoregulatory traits. Our findings suggest deep torpor is routine for high Andean hummingbirds, but evolved species differences affect its depth.</p>
Air pollution 01.2014 - 05.2020 (including COVID-19 lockdown) data from Graz, Austria
<p>Please cite:</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114587">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114587</a></p> <p>Air quality by means of NO2, PM10 and O3 was measured at five sites in Graz, Austria (Süd (<em>eng. South</em>) - S, Nord (<em>eng. North</em>) - N, West (<em>eng. West</em>) - W, Don Bosco – D, Ost (<em>eng. East</em>) – O). In addition weather conditions like temperature, percipitation, relative humidity, pressure, wind speed and direction are added. The authors created binary temporal variables like weekday, month, season, year and day of year (numerical).</p> <p>The data consist of 2343 rows and 53 columns with a timestamp from January 2014 to May 2020 in a daily frequency.</p> <p>More details on measurement and the sites are available in Moser et al. [1] and [2]. The environmental data was provided by the Austrian government under the following license: CC-BY-4.0: Land Steiermark - data.steiermark.gv.at</p> <p>__________________</p> <p>[1] Moser F, Kleb U, Katz H (2019) Statistische Analyse der Luftqualitätin Graz anhand von Feinstaub und Stickstoffdioxid. Graz</p> <p>[2] <a href="https://www.umwelt.steiermark.at/cms/ziel/2060750/DE/">https://www.umwelt.steiermark.at/cms/ziel/2060750/DE/</a></p> <p> </p>
FIGURE 3. 1 in Study of marsh foraminifera from the coastal plain of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and its ecological implications
FIGURE 3. 1. Elphidium aff. poeyanum (d´Orbigny), UCN–PMIC–165, Scale: 200 µm 2. Elphidium aff. poeyanum (d´Orbigny), UCN–PMIC–166, Scale: 200 µm. 3. Elphidium gunteriCole, 1931, UCN–PMIC–167.Scale: 200 µm. 4. Ammonia parkinsoniana (d'Orbigny, 1839), UCN–PMIC–168. Scale: 200 µm. 5. Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926), UCN–PMIC– 169.Scale: 200 µm. 6. Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926), UCN–PMIC–170, Scale: 200 µm. 7. Buccella peruviana (d'Orbigny, 1839), UCN–PMIC–171. Scale: 100 µm. 8. Buccella peruviana (d'Orbigny, 1839), UCN–PMIC–172. Scale: 100 µm. 9. Jadammina polystoma Bartenstein & Brand, 1938, UCN–PMIC–173. Scale: 100 µm. 10. Arenoparrella mexicana (Kornfeld, 1931), UCN–PMIC–174. Scale: 100 µm 11. Trochammina ochracea (Williamson, 1858) UCN–PMIC–175, Scale: 100 µm. 12. Astrononion sp.1, UCN–PMIC–176. 3. Scale: 100 µm
FIGURE 1 in Study of marsh foraminifera from the coastal plain of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and its ecological implications
FIGURE 1. Map showing location of the study area, Sambormbón Bay and Channel 15 (Modified from Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina, 2013) and localization map of the sediment samples analyzed in this study.
A digital mapping application for quantifying and displaying air temperatures at high spatiotemporal resolutions in near real-time across Australia
<p>This repository hosts the raw data and source code for the paper entitled " A digital mapping application for quantifying and displaying air temperatures at high spatiotemporal resolutions in near real-time across Australia" [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10106].</p> <p>Two zip archives are available:</p> <p>Raw data and methods evaluation.zip - Retains empirical data and method evaluation code (R scripts) that relate to data presented in the results and discussion sections of the article, specifically, Figures 3 -11 and Tables 1 and 2.</p> <p>RTmap_source_code_and_data_structure.zip - This repository hosts the source code for <a href="http://austemperature.live/">http://austemperature.live/</a>, as described in the methods section of the article. A README.docx presents the contents and subsequent procedures for deploying the mapping code and web map application.</p> <p>For further information about this files please email:</p> <p>mweb7041@uni.sydney.edu.au</p> <p> </p>
Mixing ratios and FRFs of ODSs observed in air samples from research aircraft campaigns in 2016 and 2017
<p>This data set consists of mixing ratios and fractional release factors of ozone-depleting substances measured in air samples collected during research aircraft campaigns in 2016 and 2017 which were both sampling air masses related to the upper part of the Asian Summer Monsoon and above. These activities were part of the EU Stratoclim-603557 project and a corresponding manuscript has been submitted to the journal JGR Atmospheres. This version also includes the supplement of that manuscript.</p>
Up in the air: threats to Afromontane biodiversity from climate change and habitat loss revealed by genetic monitoring of the Ethiopian Highlands bat
<p>Whilst climate change is recognised as a major future threat to biodiversity, most species are currently threatened by extensive human-induced habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation. Tropical high altitude alpine and montane forest ecosystems and their biodiversity are particularly sensitive to temperature increases under climate change, but they are also subject to accelerated pressures from land conversion and degradation due to a growing human population. We studied the combined effects of anthropogenic land-use change, past and future climate changes and mountain range isolation on the endemic Ethiopian Highlands long-eared bat, <i>Plecotus balensis</i>, an understudied bat that is restricted to the remnant natural high altitude Afroalpine and Afromontane habitats. We integrated ecological niche modelling, landscape genetics and model-based inference to assess the genetic, geographic and demographic impacts of past and recent environmental changes. We show that mountain range isolation and historic climates shaped population structure and patterns of genetic variation, but recent anthropogenic land-use change and habitat degradation are associated with a severe population decline and loss of genetic diversity. Models predict that the suitable niche of this bat has been progressively shrinking since the last glaciation period. This study highlights threats to Afroalpine and Afromontane biodiversity, squeezed to higher altitudes under climate change while losing genetic diversity and suffering population declines due to anthropogenic land-use change. We conclude that the conservation of tropical montane biodiversity requires a holistic approach, using genetic, ecological and geographic information to understand the effects of environmental changes across temporal scales and simultaneously addressing the impacts of multiple threats.</p>
Sources of particulate matter air pollution and its oxidative potential in Europes
<p>Data presented in the manuscript "Sources of particulate matter air pollution and its oxidative potential in Europe" (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2902-8) by Daellenbach et al. (2020).</p>
Coupled monitoring of soil moisture and suction in pyroclastic air-fall silty soils
<p>The dataset contains the experimental field data coming from the automatic monitoring of the annual hydrological response of a shallow deposit in loose pyroclastic soils located in a mountainous area of Campania, Southern Italy. The monitoring station is installed at about 650 m a.s.l. along the northern slope of mount Cornito, about 2 km east of the town of Cervinara, that in December 1999 was involved in a rainfall-induced flowslide. The collected field data consist in: i) precipitations (measured by a rain gauge), ii) soil moisture contents (measured by TDR probes) and iii) soil matric suctions (measured by “Jet-fill” tensiometers). Suction and moisture sensors have been installed at the same depths and connected to a Campbell Scientific Inc. CR-1000 Data Logger, that allows the automatic acquisition and storage of data.</p> <p>Furthermore, the results of some laboratory flume tests carried out on a small-scale slope, reconstituted with volcanic ashes from the same site and from a nearby slope, subjected to an artificial rainwater infiltration, are attached too. Soil matric suction and moisture content were respectively measured by a miniaturised tensiometer and a TDR probe installed close to each other.</p>
Exploring the formation processes on open-air Palaeolithic sites: a late Middle Pleistocene Acheulean assemblage at Arbo site (Miño River basin, Spain)
<p>Dataset (.shp file) of lithic industry and natural clasts late Middle Pleistocene Acheulean assemblages at Arbo site.</p>
FIGURE 3. 1 in Ecological study based on the distribution of recent foraminifers from southeast of Buenos Aires province, Argentinean Continental Shelf
FIGURE 3. 1. Buccella peruviana (d´Orbigny), dorsal view; UCN-PMIC-209. 2. Buccella peruviana (d´Orbigny), umbilical view; UCN-PMIC-210. 3. Ammonia parkinsoniana (d´Orbigny) dorsal view; UCN-PMIC-211. 4. Ammonia parkinsoniana (d´Orbigny) umbilical view; UCN-PMIC-212. 5. Cribroelphidium gunteri (Cole), UCN-PMIC-213. 6. Cibicides aknerianus (d´Orbigny), dorsal view, UCN-PMIC-214. 7. Quinqueloculina patagonica d´Orbigny; UCN-PMIC-215. 8. Quinqueloculina seminula (Linné); UCN-PMIC-216. 9. Pyrgo ringens Lamarck, UCN-PMIC-217. 10. Bolivina ordinaria Phleger & Parker, UCN-PMIC-218. 11. Bolivina pseudoplicata Heron-Allen & Earland, UCN-PMIC-219. 12. Milliolinella subrotunda (Montagu), UCN-PMIC-220 (Scale = 100µm).
FIGURE 1 in Ecological study based on the distribution of recent foraminifers from southeast of Buenos Aires province, Argentinean Continental Shelf
FIGURE 1. Map showing samples and batimetry of the study area to the southeast Buenos Aires province.
FIGURE 2 in Ecological study based on the distribution of recent foraminifers from southeast of Buenos Aires province, Argentinean Continental Shelf
FIGURE 2. Foraminifera species distribution (≥ 1%), Total abundance (Total A) and diversity such as species number (S) and Shannon Wienner index (H) for each sample.
A superfine glass fiber air filter with rapid response to photocatalytic antibacterial properties under visible light by loading rGO/ZnO
<p class="15"> The development of high-performance air filter has become more and more important to public health. However, it has always been very challenging for developing a multifunctional air filter to simultaneously achieve excellent filtration and antibacterial properties. Herein, a versatile air filter was prepared with loading the reduced graphener and Zinc oxide on the superfine glass fiber with the three-dimensional network structure by in-situ sol-gel process followed by calcination, which aims to achieve synergistic high efficiency air filtration and rapid response to photocatalytic antibacterial under visible light. The air filter showed a three-dimensional network structure based on a rGO/ZnO/s-GF multilayer and exhibited the highest catalytic performance by achieving a 95% degradation effect on Rhodamine B within 2 h and achieving 100% antibacterial inactivation of the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus within 4 h under visible light when the weight ratio of rGO in rGO/ZnO is 1.6%. The air filtration efficiency can also be maintained at 99% after loading Zno and rGO photocatalytic particles. The spectrum of PL, DRS and ERS indicate that the combination of rGO and ZnO on the s-GF can increase the separation of photo-generated carriers and the specific surface area of the air filter, thereby increasing the photocatalytic response and antibacterial properties of the s-GF air filter under visible light in a short time.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: The dipnoan buccal pump reconstructed in 3D and implications for air breathing in Devonian lungfishes
Lungfishes are known for, and indeed take their name from, their bimodal respiratory abilities. All three extant genera can use their lungs to extract oxygen from the atmosphere, although their reliance upon this capability differs among taxa. Lungs are considered primitive for the Osteichthyes, however the distinctive buccal pump mode of air gulping exhibited by extant lungfishes appears to be a specialization. It is associated with a number of derived skeletal characters (cranial ribs, long parasphenoid stalk, midline gap between palatal tooth plates) that first appeared during the Devonian. These have been described individually, but in no Devonian lungfish has their three-dimensional (3D) spatial relationship been reconstructed and analyzed. Here we present the 3D morphology of Rhinodipterus, a Mid-Late Devonian lungfish from Australia and Europe, based on synchrotron tomography and conventional microtomography scans. Unlike less crownward contemporaneous lungfishes such as Griphognathus and Chirodipterus, Rhinodipterus has a full set of skeletal buccal pump components that can be directly compared to those of extant lungfishes, suggesting that it made more extensive use of air breathing than other Gogo or Bergisch Gladbach genera. This is interesting in relation to the environmental context as Gogo and Bergisch Gladbach are both marine, contrasting with the frequently hypoxic tropical to subtropical fresh water environments inhabited by modern lungfishes. The evolution of buccal pump-supported lung ventilation was evidently not necessarily associated with a transition to non-marine habitats.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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