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5,108 results for “North America”
FIGURE 3 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 3: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. color loss in Hoyer's medium (slide preparation of holotype with separated dorsum and venter): A – prior to warming in Hoyer's medium, note dorsal spots and ventral coloration; B – same specimen after warming in Hoyer's medium, note pigmentation (dark color) is cleared, but structural (red) coloration is retained.
FIGURE 15 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 15: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. dorsal plates: anterio-lateral platelet (a-l p); anterio-medial platelet (a-m p); dorsal glandularia (Dgl); dorsal plate (dp); muscle scars (ms); post-ocularial setae (po); and area of primary (1°) and secondary (2°) sclerotization.
FIGURE 10 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 10: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. sexual dimorphism: A – female gnathosoma, note forward-pointing rostrum and deeper ventral bend; B – male gnathosoma, note down-pointing rostrum and thus shallower ventral bend; C-D – female and male venters, respectively: i) female with shorter coxa II+III medial length; ii) female with larger, rounder body; iii) female genital plates larger, pentagonal (males are rectangular), and extending anteriorly beyond Leg IV insertion; iv) female coxae IV extend posteriorly well beyond genital plates.
FIGURE 9 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 9: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. variation (dorsal shield compound light micrographs): A – Morph I females, note only slight variably in body shape and spots; B – Morph II females, note high variability in body shape, size and shape of spots, and shape of red marking; C – Morph I males, note only slight variability in body shape body and spots; D – Morph II males, note high variability in body shape and spots. Overall light/dark appearance is a result of exposure differences across multiple cameras, not real-life variation.
FIGURE 1 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 1: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. habitus of types (montaged from iPhone steromicrographs): A – Holotype (female): dorsal and ventral habitus, Morph 1; B – Allotype (male): dorsal and ventral habitus, Morph 1. Coloration is not indicative of sex.
FIGURE 12 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 12: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. rostral opening and fangs (LT-SEM): A – frontal aspect of rostrum showing opening for fangs surrounded by adoral setae (ad); B – lateral view of rostrum with both fangs partially extended; C – lateral view of fangs; D – frontal view depicting extended right fang (left fang just emerging from rostrum), note lateral and medial teeth of right fang probably used for anchoring into prey; E – dorsal view of rostral opening with fangs retracted.
FIGURE 7 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 7: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. leg setae (LT-SEM): A – Leg I trochanter, note hatchet-shape and fringed spatulate setae; B – Leg II telofemur, note fringed spatulate setae and simple setae; C – Leg II & III with coxal glandularium 2 (Cxgl-2) in right foreground, note variously shaped fringed spatulate setae, hexagonal depressions of integument on legs (esp. on telo-femur II), and crenulated distal margins of podomeres.
FIGURE 6 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 6: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. primary and secondary sclerotization (Morph-1 female compound light micrographs):
FIGURE 5 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 5: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. integument (A-C. light micrographs; D-E. LT-SEM): A – surface-level view depicting many depressions, each containing many pits, note muscle scars are not yet in-focus; B – mid-level view depicting tubular 'trunks' formed by the convergence of the branches from each pit; C – bottom-level view depicting bases of trunks, note that the muscle scars are infocus; D – surface-level view of a single depression containing many pits that represent the openings of the many internal branches; E – lateral aspect of idiosoma with a tear between the dorsum and venter, note the surface-level depressions on the dorsum (top) and inner-level openings of the 'trunks' into the body on the venter (bottom).
FIGURE 2 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 2: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. morphs (A-D compound light micrographs; E-F stereomicrographs): A – Morph I female, note large dorsal spots, pigmented gnathosoma and venter (within area of primary sclerotization), and orange legs; B – Morph II female, note small dorsal spots, and colorless gnathosoma, legs, and venter (except for genital plate); C – Morph I male (note same coloration as female); D – Morph II male (note same coloration as female but with hind coxae pigmented); E-F – Dorsal habitus of Morph I & II, respectively.
FIGURE 13 in Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. (Parasitengona: Torrenticolidae), a three-spotted water mite from eastern North America: taxonomic history, species delimitation, and survey of external morphology
FIGURE 13: Torrenticola trimaculata n. sp. pedipalp (LT-SEM): A-B – medial (A) and lateral (B) view of genu depicting medial placement of disto-ventral dentate projections; C-D – lateral (C) and inner (D) detail of femoral projection; E – lateral detail of mid-ventral tibial spines. Fringed spatulate setae (fss); long simple setae (lss); short grooved setae (sgs).
Fig. 85 in Lichenology in North America, 1947 - 1972.
Fig. 85: Type locality of G. priva (photo by M. Schülke).
Figs 78-84 in Lichenology in North America, 1947 - 1972.
Figs 78-84: Geostiba priva sp.n.: (78) habitus; (79) forebody; (80) head in lateral view; (81)
Fig. 44 in Lichenology in North America, 1947 - 1972.
Fig. 44: Type locality of Geostiba renneri sp.n. (photo by P. Wunderle).
Figs 98-107 in Lichenology in North America, 1947 - 1972.
Figs 98-107: Geostiba orduica sp.n.: (98) habitus; (99) forebody; (100) head in lateral view; (101)
Size-driven preservational and macroecological biases in the latest Maastrichtian terrestrial vertebrate assemblages of North America
<p>The end-Cretaceous (K/Pg) mass-extinction event is the most recent and well-understood of the "Big Five" and triggered establishment of modern terrestrial ecosystem structure. Despite the depth of research into this event, our knowledge of upper Maastrichtian terrestrial deposits globally relies primarily on assemblage-level data limited to a few well-sampled formations in North America, the Hell Creek and Lance formations. These assemblages disproportionally affect our interpretations of this important interval. Multiple investigations have quantified diversity patterns within these assemblages, but the potential effect of formation-level size-dependent taphonomic biases and their implications on extinction dynamics remains unexplored. Here, the relationship between taphonomy and body size of the Hell Creek and Lance formation dinosaurs and mammals are quantitatively analyzed. Small-bodied dinosaur taxa (< 70 kg) are consistently less complete, unlikely to be articulated, and delayed in their description relative to their large-bodied counterparts. Family-level abundance (particularly skeletons) is strongly tied to body mass, and the relative abundance of juveniles of large-bodied taxa similarly is underrepresented. Mammals show similar but non significant trends. The results are remarkably similar to those from the Campanian-aged Dinosaur Park Formation, suggesting a widespread strong taphonomic bias against the preservation of small taxa, which will result in their seemingly depauperate diversity within the assemblage. This taphonomically skewed view of diversity and abundance of small-bodied taxa amidst our best late Maastrichtian samples has significant implications for understanding speciation and extinction dynamics (e.g., size-dependent extinction selectivity) across the K/Pg Boundary.</p>
Validation of a new spatially-explicit process-based model (HETEROFOR) to simulate structurally and compositionally complex stands in Eastern North-America : Dataset
<p>This dataset is linked to the paper “Validation of a new spatially-explicit process-based model (HETEROFOR) to simulate structurally and compositionally complex stands in Eastern North-America" published in Geoscientific Model Development (https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1661-2023). It contains the installer of the model, its user guide, as well as all the input files (inventory, thinning, meteorology and soil horizons files for each stand used in the evaluation and calibration steps), the R scripts and associated data used to analyse the model outputs.</p>
Vindication of Physcomitrium pygmaeum (Funariaceae), an elusive and endangered moss from North America's Great Basin
<p><em>Physcomitrium</em> <em>pygmaeum</em> is an ephemeral moss described in 1871 from a single collection from Utah, currently considered conspecific with <em>Physcomitrium</em> <em>pyriforme</em>. The interpretation of the taxon has been problematic due to its rarity in the field, the elusiveness of the type material, and an extremely scattered and inconsistent collection record. Here we present a comprehensive description and assessment of the taxon following the identification of the original material and lectotype designation, the examination of all herbarium specimens existing to the best of our knowledge, the collection of fresh material in Nevada, and the molecular barcoding of the latter using four plastid and two nuclear loci. Available information, albeit scant, suggests that this member of the North American bryoflora should be considered critically endangered following IUCN criteria.</p>
Examining local and regional ecological connectivity throughout North America
<p>Output from 12 Omniscape model runs using three resistance surfaces and four moving window sizes (Belote et al. 2022, Landscape Ecology). Resistance surfaces were created through alternative transformations (varying c) of the 2015 estimates of human modification from Theobald et al. (2020). The radius of the circular moving windows were 30-km, 150-km, 300-km, or 700-km. Descriptions of directories are in the csv file called “folder descriptions.” There are three outputs within each of the 12 folders: cum_currmap, flow_potential, and normalized_cum_currmap. These are, respectively:</p> <p>1. Cumulative current flow: the total current flowing through the landscape – the result of the Omniscape algorithm described above.<br> 2. Flow potential (optional): current flow under "null" resistance conditions. Flow potential demonstrates what movement/flow would look like when movement is unconstrained by resistance and barriers. Flow potential is calculated exactly as cumulative current flow is, but with resistance set to 1 for the entire landscape.<br> 3. Normalized current flow (optional): calculated as cumulative current flow divided by flow potential. Normalized current helps identify areas where current is impeded or channelized (e.g. more or less current than expected under null resistance conditions). High values mean current flow is channelized, low values mean current is impeded.</p> <p>Descriptions of outputs above are quoted directly from https://docs.juliahub.com/Omniscape/uqaJf/0.4.3/.</p> <p><br> References:</p> <p>Belote, RT, Barnett K, Zeller K, Brennan A, and Gage J (2022) Examining local and regional ecological connectivity throughout North America. Landscape Ecology</p> <p>Theobald DM, Kennedy C, Chen B, et al (2020) Earth transformed: Detailed mapping of global human modification from 1990 to 2017. Earth System Science Data 12:1953–1972. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1953-2020</p>
Data for study on the permeability of biogeographic barriers to marine species on the east and west coasts of North America
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: We assess the role of contemporary oceanography and species traits in shaping observed patterns of biogeography over broad spatial scales.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Our study domain covers the east and west coasts of North America, from 30° to 73° on the east coast and 33° to 73° on the west coast.</p> <p><strong>Time Period</strong>: Hydrodynamic models use climatological fields from 1990 to 2015 on the east coast, and 1993 to 2018 on the west coast.</p> <p><strong>Major Taxa Studied:</strong> Model simulations represent larval dispersal for generalized benthic invertebrate species distributed in the subtidal zone from 10 m to 100 m depth, with planktonic larval durations ranging from 21–60 days.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We conducted a literature review to identify major biogeographic barriers along the east and west coasts of North America, and then assessed the permeability of these barriers to larval dispersal using Lagrangian Particle Tracking. We ran a series of simulations in which we varied the suitable habitat distribution, planktonic larval duration, and spawning seasonality of simulated larvae (i.e. particles) to assess the role of species traits on biogeography.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Our results showed a strong alignment of observed biogeographic barriers with larval dispersal patterns, with high variation in barrier permeability depending on the traits of the species considered. The location of suitable habitat and the season during which particle release occurred were the biological traits that drove much of the variation in barrier permeability among simulations on both coasts.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions</strong>: Our results indicate an important role of contemporary oceanographic and geographic features in determining the biogeography of species whose primary dispersal is during larval stages, suggesting that climate change is likely to alter patterns of species biogeography. Our results also demonstrate that species traits play a strong role in determining the location and strength of biogeographic barriers.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.