Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Phenology in the deep sea: Seasonal and tidal feeding rhythms in a keystone octocoral

Biological rhythms are widely known in terrestrial and marine systems, where the behavior or function of organisms may be tuned to environmental variation over periods from minutes to seasons or longer. Although well characterized in coastal environments, phenology remains poorly understood in the deep sea. Here we characterized intra-annual dynamics of feeding activity for the deep-sea octocoral Paragorgia arborea. Hourly changes in polyp activity were quantified using a time-lapse camera deployed for a year on Sur Ridge (1230 m depth; Northeast Pacific). The relationship between feeding and environmental variables, including surface primary production, temperature, acoustic backscatter, current speed and direction, was evaluated. Feeding activity was highly seasonal, with a dormancy period identified between January and early April, reflecting seasonal changes in food availability as suggested by primary production and acoustic backscatter data. Moreover, feeding varied with tides, which likely affected food delivery through cyclic oscillation in current speed and direction. This study provides the first evidence of behavioral rhythms in a coral species at depth greater than 1km. Information on the feeding biology of this cosmopolitan deep-sea octocoral will contribute to a better understanding of how future environmental change may affect deep-sea coral communities and the ecosystem services they provide.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Differences in on-ground and aloft conditions explain seasonally different migration paths in Demoiselle crane

Background: Although some migratory birds may take different routes during their outbound and inbound migration, the factors causing these differential migrations to and from the breeding grounds, have rarely been investigated. In Northeast Asia, Demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) performs one of the most extreme "loop" migrations known to date. During outbound migration, they cross the Himalayas to non-breeding sites in northwest India. Contrastingly, during inbound migration to the breeding grounds, they fly around the western end of the Himalayas. We hypothesise that differences in prevailing environmental conditions aloft and/or on-ground during both seasonal migrations are at the core of this phenomenon. Methods: Based on the tracking data of 16 individuals of tagged Demoiselle crane, we compared conditions during actual migration with those of simulated "reverse" migration (i.e. by adding 180 degrees to the flight direction and adding and subtracting half a year to the timestamps of outbound and inbound migration, respectively). Results: The comparison of actual and simulated "reverse" migration indicated that cranes would have encountered poorer aloft (wind support and thermal uplift) and on-ground conditions (temperature) if they had migrated in a reverse outbound migration and poorer on-ground conditions (Normalised Difference Vegetation Indexes [NDVI]) if they had migrated in a reverse inbound direction. Conclusions: Our analyses suggest that both on-ground and aloft conditions play a key role in explaining Demoiselle cranes' loop migration, during the periods that they chose to use these alternative routes. Knowledge of the determinants of (differential) migration routes allows for predicting migration decisions and may be critical in mitigating global change effects on animal migrations.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Supplementary material: Mammal diversity responses to anthropic, environmental, and seasonal changes within Caatinga seasonal dry forest landscapes

Caatinga's conservation and biodiversity are threatened due to the intensification of anthropic activities and climate change. The mammals have different responses to seasonal and anthropic changes, however particularly in Caatinga, these effects are still poorly understood. We assessed the influence of anthropic (distance from urban areas and wind farms), environmental (distance from water), and seasonal (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index – NDVI and land surface temperature - LST) variables on the number of records and richness of medium and large-sized mammals in Brazilian Caatinga. We used camera traps in 2016/2017 and 2018/2019, estimated the variation (cv) of NDVI and LST, and generated Euclidean distance maps to anthropic and environmental variables at 250, 500, and 1000 m spatial scales. We performed Generalized Linear Models, used the Akaike information criterion, and calculated model averaging to assess the strength and direction of effect and the uncertainties of the winner models, respectively. The distance from wind farms and maximum LST had a noticeable effect on the number of records and total richness. The distance from wind farms had a negative effect on the records of Dicotyles tajacu and a positive effect on the records of Leopardus pardalis and richness. The maximum LST had a negative effect on the records of Leopardus pardalis and a positive effect on the records of Puma concolor and Cerdocyon thous. Our results emphasize that an unsustainable expansion of wind farms is likely to compromise mammal diversity. We found an opposite pattern for some species regarding LST. However, it is important to highlight that the conservation of vegetation areas on the top of mountains and springs, and the installation of artificial water sources are important strategies to mitigate the impacts of high temperatures on mammals' biodiversity in Caatinga.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: seasonal patterns and processes of migration in a long-distance migratory bird: energy or time minimization?

Optimal migration theory prescribes adaptive strategies of energy, time or mortality minimization. To test alternative hypotheses of energy and time minimization migration we used multisensory data loggers recording time-resolved flight activity and light for positioning by geolocation in a long-distance migratory shorebird, little ringed plover Charadrius dubius. We could reject the hypothesis of energy minimization based on a relationship between stopover duration and subsequent flight time as predicted for a time minimizer. We found seasonally diverging slopes between stopover and flight durations in relation to the progress (time) of migration, which follows for a time minimizing policy if resource gradients increase and decrease, respectively. Total flight duration did not differ significantly between autumn and spring migration, although spring migration was 6% shorter. Overall duration of autumn migration was longer than that in spring, mainly due to a mid-migration stop in most birds, when they likely initiated moult. Overall migration speed was not significantly different between autumn and spring. Migratory flights often occurred as runs of 2-7 nocturnal flights on adjacent days, which may be countering a time minimization strategy. Other factors may influence a preference for nocturnal migration, such as avoiding flight in turbulent conditions, heat stress, and diurnal predators.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

ROR seasonal movements

<h3>Geographical distribution changes of monthly Regimes of Regimes (ROR).</h3> <h3>How to view the animation :</h3> <ol> <li>Download the GIF file.</li> <li>Open it with Google Chrome or Safari.</li> </ol> <h3>How to get the monthly snapshot :</h3> <ol> <li>Download the GIF file.</li> <li>Open it with Preview (or another image viewer).</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: Response to food restriction, but not social information use, varies seasonally in captive cardueline finches

Temperate winters can impose severe conditions on songbirds that threaten survival, including shorter days and often lower temperature and food availability. One well-studied mechanism by which songbirds cope with such conditions is seasonal acclimatization of thermal metabolic traits, with strong evidence for both preparative and responsive changes in thermogenic capacity (i.e., the ability to generate heat) to low winter temperature. However, a bird's ability to cope with seasonal extremes or unpredictable events is likely dependent on a combination of behavioral and physiological traits that function to maintain allostatic balance. The ability to cope with reduced food availability may be an important component of organismal response to temperate winters in songbirds. Here we compare responses to experimentally reduced food availability at different times of year in captive red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) and pine siskins (Spinus pinus) – two species that cope with variable food resources and live in cold places – to investigate seasonal changes in the organismal response to food availability. Further, red crossbills are known to use social information to improve response to reduced food availability, so we also examine whether use of social information in this context varies seasonally in this species. We find that pine siskins and red crossbills lose less body mass during time-restricted feedings in late winter compared to summer, and that red crossbills further benefit from social information gathered from observing other food-restricted red crossbills in both seasons. Observed changes in body mass were only partially explained by seasonal differences in food intake. Our results demonstrate seasonal acclimation to food stress and social information use across seasons in a controlled captive environment and highlight the importance of considering diverse physiological systems (e.g., thermogenic, metabolic, digestive, etc) to understand organismal responses to environmental challenges.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Seasonal carbon dioxide concentrations and fluxes throughout Denmark's stream network

<h2>About</h2> Repository containing code and data for the study: Title Seasonal carbon dioxide concentrations and fluxes throughout Denmark’s stream network Authors Kenneth Thorø Martinsen1, Kaj Sand-Jensen1*, Victor Bergmann1, Tobias Skjærlund1, Johan Emil Kjær1, Julian Koch2 Affiliations 1Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 2Department of Hydrology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark Corresponding author *Correspondence: <a href="mailto:ksandjensen@bio.ku.dk">ksandjensen@bio.ku.dk</a> GitHub repository <a href="https://github.com/KennethTM/denmark_stream_co2">https://github.com/KennethTM/denmark_stream_co2</a> <div> <h2>Contents</h2> <a href="https://github.com/KennethTM/denmark_stream_co2#contents"></a></div> The repository contains R and Python scripts for the analysis and figures. The <code>data/insitu_flux</code> directory contains the in-situ CO2 flux measurements in Excel format. The <code>data/modeling</code> directory contains artifacts from modeling. The <code>data/products</code> directory contains products resulting from the analysis (predicted CO2 concentrations and estimated CO2 fluxes throughout Denmark) in csv format.

Seasonal dynamics in the mammalian microbiome between disparate environments

Host-associated bacterial microbiomes can facilitate host acclimation to seasonal environmental change and are hypothesized to help hosts cope with recent anthropogenic environmental perturbations (e.g., landscape modification). However, it is unclear how recurrent and recent forms of environmental change interact to shape variation in the microbiome. The majority of wildlife microbiome research occurs within a single seasonal context. Meanwhile, the few studies of seasonal variation in the microbiome often restrict focus to a single environmental context. By sampling urban and exurban eastern grey squirrel populations in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter, we explored whether seasonal rhythms in the grey squirrel gut microbiome differed across environments using a 16S amplicon sequencing approach. Differences in the microbiome between urban and exurban squirrels persisted across most of the year, which we hypothesize is linked to anthropogenic food consumption; but we also observed similarities in the urban and exurban grey squirrel microbiome during the autumn, which we attribute to engrained seed caching instincts in preparation for the winter. Host behaviour and diet selection may therefore be capable of maintaining similarities in microbiome structure between disparate environments. However, the depletion of an obligate host mucin glycan specialist (Akkermansia) during the winter in both urban and exurban squirrels was among the strongest differential abundance patterns we observed. In summary, urban grey squirrels showed different seasonal patterns in their microbiome than squirrels from exurban forests, however, in some instances host behaviour and physiological responses might be capable of maintaining similar microbiome responses across seasons.

Changes in Mean Seasonal Carbon Cycle Due to Climate Change

This repository contains the output data of the  3D-CMCC-FEM model (https://github.com/Forest-Modelling-Lab/3D-CMCC-FEM/tree/v.5.6) related to the manuscript entitled "Changes in Mean Seasonal Carbon Cycle Due to Climate Change" by Morichetti M. and Collalti A. 2024

Data from: Thermal habitat fragmentation in stratified lakes induces resource waves that brook charr track across seasons

The spatial configuration of thermal habitats constrains the thermoregulatory performance of ectotherms. Thermal landscapes also vary through time, which is particularly relevant in seasonal environments such as temperate lakes. Indeed, elevated temperatures in the epilimnion of dimictic lakes during summer could substantially reduce the use of this habitat by cold-stenothermic fish during the stratified period. The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether thermal habitat fragmentation in stratified lakes modulates accessibility to resources that brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, which is a mobile consumer, can track across seasons. More specifically, we hypothesize that reduced access to the littoral habitat during summer enhances foraging opportunities in this habitat during winter. We used an automatic acoustic telemetry system offering full coverage of the lake to continuously record brook charr locations across seasons, and we estimated zoobenthos abundances in the littoral habitat using image processing and semi-automatic classification. While brook charr concentrate in the metalimnion of the pelagic habitat in summer, most individuals in winter shift to a shallow bay that is unexploited in summer due to thermal constraints. In this habitat, zoobenthos abundance is more than twice as high at the end of the summer compared to littoral habitats close to the thermal refuge in the pelagic habitat. Surprisingly, brook charr showed strong within-lake site fidelity between two consecutive summers, which suggests that spatial memory could be a key driver of seasonal habitat use in this lacustrine population. Overall, our results suggest that thermal barriers create fragmentation between littoral and pelagic habitats that in turn produces resource opportunities that brook charr can track across seasons.

Data for: Love thy neighbour: feral buffalo show greater space use, resource overlap and encounters during the wet season in the Northern Territory

The code, data, and R objects in this repository accompany a paper titled 'Love thy neighbour: feral buffalo show greater space use, resource overlap and encounters during the wet season in the Northern Territory'. In this paper we used spatially explicit movement models to understand buffalo movement and social behaviour to provide decision support to wildlife managers. We used continuous time movement models to produce autocorrelated kernel density estimates of buffalo home ranges and encounter space from 126,567 locations from 17 buffalo GPS tracked from November 2018 to April 2019. We compared the movement, space use and social behaviour of buffalo between the wet and dry season of the Djelk area, when resource availability is vastly different in the wetland areas of the Northern Territory. Results from these models can be used by land holders, traditional owners, and wildlife managers to make evidence-based decisions to optimize buffalo management in respect to disease risk, sustainable harvest, and damage to environmental and cultural assets. The R Markdown, and accompanying data detail the modelling process from data pre-processing, fitting home ranges, comparing home range overalp and estimating social encounter area for the buffalo over three seasonal periods. Estimating home ranges can be computationally taxing and re-creating home range estimates for each buffalo can take several hours depending on the computing power of the user so intermediate outputs have also been included.

Surface dust coverages on rock targets in Gale crater: Influence of seasonal wind variability, elevation and proximity to aeolian sand fields.

The following dataset accompanies the paper submission to AGU - JGR: Planets for  the paper titled: " Surface dust coverages on rock targets in Gale crater: Influence of seasonal wind variability, elevation and proximity to aeolian sand fields."

Raw data: Temperature and water availability drive insect seasonality across a temperate and a tropical region

The more insects there are, the more food there is for insectivores and the higher the likelihood of insect-associated ecosystem services. Yet, we lack insights into the drivers of insect biomass over space and seasons, both for tropical and temperate zones. We used 245 Malaise traps, managed by 191 volunteers and park guards, to characterise year-round flying insect biomass in a temperate (Sweden) and a tropical (Madagascar) country. Surprisingly, we found that local insect biomass was similar across zones. In Sweden, local insect biomass increased with accumulated heat and varied across habitats, while biomass in Madagascar was unrelated to the environmental predictors measured. Drivers behind seasonality partly converged: In both countries, the seasonality of insect biomass differed between warmer and colder sites and wetter and drier sites. In Sweden, short-term deviations from expected season-specific biomass were explained by week-to-week fluctuations in accumulated heat, rainfall, and soil moisture, whereas in Madagascar, weeks with higher soil moisture had higher insect biomass. Overall, our study identifies key drivers of the seasonal distribution of flying insect biomass in a temperate and tropical climate. This knowledge is key to understanding the spatial and seasonal availability of insects — as well as predicting future scenarios of insect biomass change.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2024View details →

In-situ parameters, nutrients and dissolved carbon distribution in the water column and pore waters of Arctic Fjords (Western Spitsbergen) during a melting season

A nutrient distribution such as phosphate (PO₄³⁻), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻), dissolved silica (Si), total dissolved nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) together with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC), was investigated during a high melting season in 2021 in the western Spitsbergen fjords (Hornsund, Isfjorden, Kongsfjorden, and Krossfjorden). Both the water column and the pore water were investigated for nutrients and dissolved carbon distribution and gradients. The water column concentrations of most measured parameters such as PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si, and DIC showed significant changes among fjords and water masses. In addition, pore water gradients of PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si, DIC and DOC revealed significant variability between fjords and are likely substantial sources of the investigated elements for the water column. The obtained dataset reflects differences in hydrography and biogeochemical ecosystem function of the western Spitsbergen fjords and may form the base for further modelling of physical oceanographic and biogeochemical processes within the investigated fjord systems.

Impact of Marine Shipping Emissions on Ozone Pollution during the Warm Seasons in China

<ul> <li>all.city.2017-01.nc: The hourly observations of six major air pollutants at 336 cities in China in 2017, including latitude and longitude information for these cities. These observations are provided by CNEMC.</li> <li>china_CMAQ_appmap_no_gat.nc: The mask file for mainland China.</li> <li>CMAQ_HCHO_VCDs.zip: Daily HCHO VCDs data calculated from CMAQ output and its calculation script.</li> <li>conc_evaluation.zip: The code lists of the cities located in all coastal regions, BTH, YRD, and PRD region, respectively (XXXXXX_citycode.csv), the statistical results of MDA8 O3 and NO2 in these regions and corrsponding calulation scripts.</li> <li>Data_era5.zip: All the ERA5 data used in the article (which have been extracted into nc files), including hourly meteorological  parameters for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta regions, respectively.</li> <li>GRIDCRO2D_2017100100_d01:</li> <li>met_evaluation.zip: The information of the meteorological stations located in all coastal regions (MET_STATION_COASTAL.csv), The statistical results of T2, RH2, WS10 in these stations and corrsponding calulation scripts.</li> <li>nest_vs_base_evaluation.zip: Statistical results of the simulation performance of the nested and basic experiments for April, containing mesh data for the nested inner domains, results for the models of the nested experiments, the scripts used to calculate the statistical results, and the results of the calculations.</li> <li>OMIHCHOd_interpolate_data_control.nc: Daily HCHO VCDs data from OMHCHOd dataset spatially interpolated to have the same horizontal grid as the CMAQ results.</li> <li>pattern_sa_polluted_clean.zip: type_stat_sa_newdef.ncl is to calculate ozone impacts of MSEs on polluted days and clean days under different weather patterns and the csv files are the results.</li> <li>region_port_city.zip:  The mask files for the three main regions, latitude/longitude for the 13 coastal port cities (port_city_lat_lon.csv), the results of seasonally averaged impacts of MSEs on ozone for the 3 regions and 13 cities (region_port_city_mda8o3_sa_rsa.csv), the ncl file with the same name is the script for the calculations.</li> <li>sim_hourly_o3_no2_base.nc: The extracted data from the WRF-CMAQ results file, which includes modelled hourly surface ozone and NO2 concentrations for the simulation period.</li> <li>sim_hourly_sa_o3_ocean_base.nc: The extracted data from the CMAQ-ISAM model simulation results and includes the hourly impact of marine shipping emissions of ozone obtained from the simulation.</li> <li>T-PCA_BTH_YRD_PRD.zip: The daily weather pattern of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions obtained by the TPC-A method of classification, with 2 to 10 categories.</li> <li>CJK_domain.ncl is used to produce the manuscript’s Figure 1.</li> <li>sim_obs_dis_MDA8_uv_coastal.ncl is used to produce the manuscript’s Figure 2.</li> <li>absolute_dis_MDA8h.ncl is used to produce the manuscript’s Figure 3.</li> <li>region_city_o3_sa.ncl is used to produce the manuscript’s Figure 4.</li> <li>type_mean_slp_o3_sa.ncl is used for the distribution maps in Figures 5, 6 and 7.</li> <li>bar_type_sa.ncl is used to produce of the bar charts in Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, which were combined with the distribution maps obtained from type_mean_slp_o3_sa.ncl.</li> <li>cal_FDR_PCT.ncl is used to calculate the number of pairs of indistinguishable patterns obtained based on the FDR method for different number of classifications in the three regions (Figure S1).</li> <li>OMI_xhcho.ncl is used to produce Figure S2 in the Supplementary Materials.</li> <li>MSEs_nox_voc_dis.ncl is used to produce Figure S3 in the Supplementary Materials.</li> <li>relative_dis_DA8h.ncl is used to produce Figure S4 in the Supplementary Materials.</li> <li>region_city_o3_sa_rc.ncl is used to produce Figure S5 in the Supplementary Materials.</li> <li>type_mean_slp.ncl is used to produce Figure S6 in the Supplementary Materials.</li> <li>type_mean_met.ncl is used to produce Figures S7-S9 in the Supplementary Materials, just replace the region name in this script.</li> <li>stat_season_pattern.zip includes frequency of occurrence of the four synoptic patterns during three seasons, the ncl file is the script for the calculations, and the csv file is the output (Table S1).</li> </ul>

Temporal morphodynamic evolution of the Glacier d'Otemma proglacial forefield for melt seasons 2020 and 2021: data collection and post-processing

The data included in this dataset concern the continuous geomorphic (orthomosaics, DEMs, inundation maps) and sedimentological (grain-size maps) evolution of the Glacier d’Otemma proglacial margin (Southern-Western Swiss Alps) located at an altitude of ca. 2450 m a.s.l. during summer 2020 and 2021.  Data details and formats are available in the pdf document. Further information on data aquisition and post-processing techniques are available in Mancini et al. (2024).

Identifying priority survey sites for early-season milkweed conservation

Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) populations are experiencing decline due to habitat degradation and climate threats. In 2024, this iconic species became protected under the Endangered Species Act. Critical to the persistence of this species of cultural and ecological importance is milkweed (Asclepias spp.), which monarchs rely on as an essential resource for food and reproduction. Motivated by concerns over the loss of monarch habitat, the Santa Barbara Botanic Garden (SBBG) and local collaborators are working to identify potential restoration areas in the Los Padres National Forest (LPNF). However, the vast size and complex terrain of the LPNF pose a logistical challenge to surveying. Therefore, there is a need for a tool to aid in selecting sites to prioritize. Our team created a priority index for surveying milkweed within the LPNF by predicting the habitat suitability for four early-season milkweed species using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) species distribution modeling and creating a novel survey site accessibility index. We identified high priority sites for the team to survey based on high predicted suitability for each species of early-season milkweed and high physical accessibility. To communicate these results, we created an interactive web dashboard, which the SBBG team will use for field planning to support the ongoing monitoring of milkweed populations for monarch habitat restoration efforts within the LPNF.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Surface Height Displacements and Time-Variable Gravity From Changes in the Seasonal Polar Cap on Mars

This repository is the location at which the data created for Wagner et al. 2024 is located. Info about specific files is included in the README.

Data from: Seabird presence and seasonality influence nutrient dynamics of atoll habitats

In this study, we investigate nutrient dynamics linked to seabird presence and seasonality. We compare seabird colonies of different taxa nesting on separate islands of Farquhar Atoll, Seychelles. We first quantify guano nutrient input and guano nitrogen isotopes for each seabird species. We assess the transfer of seabird-derived nutrients in terrestrial and marine habitats by comparing nitrogen isotope values in soil, plants, and seagrass on each seabird island and a control island, during the wet and dry seasons. We then assess the influence of seabirds by comparing nutrient levels in soil, plants, and seagrass on each seabird island and a control island, during the wet and dry seasons. For plants and seagrass, we also assess and compare nutrient ratios and carbon stable isotope ratios on each seabird island and a control island, during the wet and dry seasons.