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18,658 results for “impacts”
The impact of paleoclimatic changes on body size evolution in marine fishes
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Refining impact assessment in undergraduate STEM education: Differential item functioning analysis of field-based learning interventions
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Data from: How density dependence, genetic erosion, and the extinction vortex impact evolutionary rescue
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Impacts of taxon-sampling schemes on Bayesian tip dating under the fossilized birth-death process
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Fragmentary gene sequences negatively impact gene tree and species tree reconstruction
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Minimal impact of chronic proprioceptive loss on implicit sensorimotor adaptation and perceived movement outcome
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Replication data for impact evaluation of two large-scale forestry incentive programs in Guatemala
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The impact of metabolic plasticity on winter energy use models
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Data for: Urban form and its impacts on air pollution and access to green space: A global analysis of 462 cities
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Impacts of nutrient addition on soil carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry and stability in globally-distributed grasslands
Global changes will modify future nutrient availability with implications for grassland biogeochemistry. Soil organic matter (SOM) is central to grasslands for both provision of nutrients and climate mitigation through carbon (C) storage. While we know that C and nitrogen (N) in SOM can be influenced by greater nutrient availability, we lack understanding of nutrient effects on C and N coupling and stability in soil. Different SOM fractions have different functional relevance and mean residence times, i.e., mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) has a higher mean residence time than particulate organic matter (POM). By separating effects of nutrient supply on the different SOM fractions, we can better evaluate changes in soil C and N coupling and stability and associated mechanisms. To this end, we studied responses of C and N ratios and distributions across POM and MAOM to 6-10 years of N, phosphorus (P), potassium and micronutrients (K+µ), and combined NPK+µ additions at 11 grassland sites spanning 3 continents and globally relevant environmental gradients in climate, plant growth, soil texture, and nutrient availability. Data associated with this study are provided here.
Impact of sediment bioturbation on microphytobenthic primary producers: importance of macrobenthic functional traits
Microphytobenthos (MPB) is one of the most important primary producers in coastal and estuarine ecosystems, where it plays a substantial role in many ecological functions. While the influence of several environmental factors on MPB biomass and productivity is well documented, the effects of macrofaunal bioturbation remain poorly assessed. The purpose of this study was to experimentally quantify the influence of sediment bioturbation processes (i.e., sediment reworking and bioirrigation) on biogeochemical fluxes across the sediment–water interface and MPB biomass and photosynthetic capacities. Two infaunal deposit feeders (the polychaete Hediste diversicolor and the bivalve Scrobicularia plana) exhibiting contrasting bioturbation modes and rates were studied as model organisms. They differently affected MPB biomass and photosynthetic performance. Hence, through an intense bioirrigation activity and the stimulation of nutrient fluxes (NH4+, NOx, PO42- and dSi) at the sediment surface, H. diversicolor enhanced MPB growth, which seemed to compensate for its direct consumption. Conversely, high sediment reworking rates generated by S. plana, associated with an extensive grazing pressure, drastically limited the development of MPB at the sediment surface. The negative impact of bivalves on MPB biomass increased with increasing density, while there was no significant relationship with polychaete density, possibly due to trophic competition. This study demonstrates that macrofaunal bioturbation is a key factor regulating MPB dynamics, with complex interactions that can result in a net either positive or negative effect depending on dominant species functional traits and abundances. This may, in particular, explain the strong spatial and temporal variability of the microbenthic primary productivity in intertidal mudflats.
Extent, impacts, and drivers of oystershell scale invasions in aspen ecosystems in Arizona, USA 2020-2022
Invasive herbivores that kill foundation tree species pose a major threat to forest ecosystem sustainability. One important foundation tree species in the interior western United States is quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), which is threatened by recent outbreaks of an invasive insect, oystershell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi; OSS). OSS outbreaks were first reported in 2016, when OSS began causing dieback and mortality of aspen in wildland forest settings in northern Arizona. Since then, OSS has been observed in other locations across Arizona and in other western states, and recent studies in Arizona have highlighted the threat that OSS poses to aspen sustainability, warranting a comprehensive survey of OSS invasions and their impacts on aspen ecosystems. We sampled aspen populations across Arizona and addressed three questions: (1) What is the geographic extent of OSS in Arizona? (2) What impacts does OSS have on aspen? (3) Which biotic and abiotic factors influence OSS abundance? We found that OSS was widespread in central Arizona and had a negative impact on aspen forest health. OSS was associated with crown damage and tree mortality, especially of intermediate-sized, recruiting stems. Climate was the most important driver of plot-level OSS abundance, with warmer, drier conditions resulting in significantly more OSS. OSS was also associated with less recent fire, presence of ungulate management strategies such as fenced exclosures, and stands with a greater density of aspen saplings. We conclude that active management is required to suppress OSS populations and mitigate damage to aspen ecosystems, and we provide OSS monitoring and management recommendations based on our findings.
The dataset for the research "Evaluation of Digital Supply Chain Technology’s Impact on Sustainability Under the Moderate Effect of Supply Chain Dynamism: An Empirical Research in the Chinese Energy Supply Chain"
In recent years, the topic of digitalisation and sustainability of supply chains has become increasingly important. In addition, as the environmental dynamism becomes more complex, it is essential to explore how technologies impacts on sustainability under the supply chain dynamism. Hence, there is a study to explore the relationship between technologies and sustainability under the supply chain dynamism in the energy supply chain. In this study, the author collects quantitative data from two Chinese companies, including China Resources Power Zhejiang Company and Hunan HuaDian Changsha Electric Co., Ltd. This is a questionnaire survey and it has 24 questions, including 3 general questions, 5 technologies dimension questions, 12 sustainability dimension questions and 4 supply chain dynamism questions. The author collected data from 30 May 2024 to 6 June May 2024, and there are totally 316 answers.
Insect herbivore impact on a keystone plant colonist in primary succession at Mount St. Helens from 1994 to 2017
This data base contains estimates of damage to lupin (Lupinus lepidus var. lobbii) by several species of leaf-tying and root-boring moth larvae (Lepidoptera), along with associated estimates of vegetation cover, in primary successional sites at Mount St. Helens. The surveys began in 1993 and are ongoing; This database includes data for 1994, 1995, and 1998-2017. Surveys were located at a variety of primary successional sites on Mount St. Helens’ Pumice Plain. Surveys generally occurred in mid to late August, when leaf-miner damage is at its maximum, but prior to maximum damage by root-borers. The number of sites, location of sites, and types of data collected varied across years and, but lupin cover, bare ground, and % lupin damage are reliable across the time series. Please note, leaf-miner damage has been been temporarily deleted from lupin.csv. Contact data authors if you seek a collaboration using the deleted data.
Modeling Viability of Avian Populations in the Southern Appalachians: Potential impacts of Climate Change from 2002 to 2004
There is a general consensus that the global climate has slowly warmed (0.6 degrees C) over the past 100 years and that this trend will continue at an accelerated rate over the next 100 years (1 degree to 6 degrees C) (Kattenburg et al. 1996). Aside from the mean annual increase in temperature, the frequency of weather extremes, such as heat waves, drought, and tropical storms are projected to increase across North America over the next century (Easterling et al. 2000). Past changes in temperature and precipitation have been accompanied by changes in insect and vertebrate distributions from both tropical and temperate environments (Parmesan 1996, Pounds et. Al 1999). We have developed bird-habitat models that allow us to predict the occurrences of species in specific forest types within and across national forests within the Blue Ridge physiographic province with a high degree of accuracy (Linder et al. submitted). These models categorize habitat as unsuitable, marginal or high quality as determined by the rate of occupancy over five years of point count data. We will validate our occurrence models with reproductive data. We hypothesize that reproductive success will correspond to predicted habitat quality. While stochastic events may obscure patterns in the short-term, long-term reproductive trends should reflect site quality.
Survey of the impacts of an invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) on soil C and N dynamics in western North Carolina
A survey of soil carbon, nitrogen, plant, and litter decomposition dynamics was conducted along a land-use gradient extending NW from Asheville, NC in the French Broad River Watershed. We selected 12 forest sites between 580 and 780m in elevation. Within each site, there were four paired invaded-uninvaded plots (48 pairs; 96 plots). Invaded plots contained populations of Microstegium vimineum. Soil C pools, soil N pools and transformations, plant community dynamics and litter decomposition rates were quantified in each plot.
Differential impacts of calcium and aluminum treatments on foliar and sapwood nutrition and metabolism of sugar maple trees growing at the west edge of WS6 of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest from 1997-2009.
Plot levels Ca and Al additions study at WS6 BACKGROUD: To better evaluate the interaction of Ca depletion and Al mobilization on a northern hardwood forest, the Nutrient Perturbation (NuPert) study was initiated in 1995, west of the biogeochemical reference watershed (W6) at the HBEF (43.95411°N, 71.74779°W). The study area is on a south-facing slope, with an elevational range of 700–760 m, and most soils are classified as either Aquic Haplorthods or Aquic Haplumbredts (Halman et al. 22015 and references therein). Twelve sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) dominated plots (45 m × 45 m) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (Ca addition, Al addition, or control (no addition)), yielding four replicates of each treatment in the study. In addition to sugar maple, American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) are co-occurring tree species in these plots, whereas hobblebush (Viburnum lantanoides Michx.) and striped maple (Acer pensylvanicum L.) dominate the understory. Treatments began in 1995 with annual CaCl2 (2.5 g·m−2) and AlCl3 (0.9 g·m−2) applications occurring each fall or spring during leafless periods. The use of CaCl2 was halted in 1999 in favor of a one-time application (38 g·m−2) of wollastonite (CaSiO3, a slow-release form of Ca). Thereafter, AlCl3 additions occurred in alternate years in fall or spring. Foliage was collected from sunlit branches in the upper to mid canopy dominant sugar maple trees. Five trees per plot of each group were selected for sampling in August 2008. There was an ice storm in 1998 at this site which might have interfered with this study findings. In 2009, tiny sapwood plugs were also collected. All the analyses were carried out using the procedures described under section A (Ca-supplementation study). SUMMARY: Acid deposition induced losses of calcium (Ca) from northeastern forests have had negative effects on forest health for decades, including the mobilization of potentiall
Drought Impact on Desert Ecosystems, Drought Network precipitation manipulation experiment in desert grasslands
Climate change amplifies the global water cycle, making droughts more frequent and more severe. The hot deserts of the U.S. rely on the stability and frequency of water availability in order to sustain biological communities, making these ecosystems incredibly vulnerable to anticipated alterations in the water cycle. This project seeks to understand which biotic and abiotic variables are principle in determining desert ecosystem sensitivity to drought? To answer these questions, we have installed a drought manipulation that will simulate an extreme drought event by reducing annual precipitation by 66% in seven desert sites. Plant abundance data are collected annually to track changes in the plant community. Data collection began in Spring 2018. Treatments at three Sevilleta sites began in Fall 2018 after data collection in October 2018. Treatments started at four sites in Arizona and California in March and April of 2019 and spring pretreatment data collection. The treatments will last for four years.
Rare and common genetic variations in the Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant response pathway impact thyroglobulin gene expression and circulating levels, respectively
<p>This is about publication PMID: 31421134, DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.08.007</p> <p>Each book in the excel file indicates the figure number it refers to.</p> <p>The file is about the relative luciferase units used in Figure 2 of main paper. </p> <p>Values are relative to WT1_C relative luciferase units <br> </p>
Data supplement for Wind Energy Science Paper 'Implementation of the blade element momentum model on a polar grid and its aeroelastic load impact'
<p>Contains the data for most figures in the article, as well as a plotting file written in python that generates the figures.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.