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FIGURE 10. Exechonella californiensis n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 10. Exechonella californiensis n. sp. Pacific Ocean, California (A‒D: holotype USNM 10741, non-cleaned colony). A, general view of holotype from above. B‒C, close-up of autozooids showing shape of primary orifice and kenozooids (k). D, zooidal orifice with removed operculum. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B‒D = 200 µm.
FIGURE 22. Exechonella vavrai n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 22. Exechonella vavrai n. sp. Red Sea (A‒F: holotype DPUV 2012-0005-0001). A, general view of holotype (overgrown by a colony of Puellina sp.) from above. B, close-up of five autozooids (lateral cylindrical foramina shown by arrows). C, D, lateral view of autozooids on colony periphery showing shape of peristomes, conical foramina, marginal pores and multiporous mural septulum (lateralmost cylindrical foramen with kenozooid shown in D by arrow). E, close-up of lateralmost cylindrical foramen (arrowhead) with kenozooid (k). F, details of primary orifice (condyles shown by arrows). Scale bars: A‒F = 100 µm.
FIGURE 26. Exechonella rimopora n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 26. Exechonella rimopora n. sp. Philippines (A‒I: holotype USNM 545931). A, C, general view of the upper (A) and the lower (c) parts of holotype from above. B, close-up of several autozooids on the colony periphery (some lateralmost foramina with avicularia shown by arrows). D, E, details of primary orifice and peristome. F, G, close-up of autozooids (lateralmost foramina with avicularia shown by arrows). H, I, close-up of lateralmost foramina with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; F, G = 200 µm; H, I = 50 µm.
FIGURE 7 in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 7. Exechonella antillea (Osburn, 1927). Caribbean Sea, Curaçao (A‒G: lectotype USNM 11960, non-cleaned colony). A, C, D, general view of lectotype from above. Some lateralmost foramina shown by arrows in D. B, close-up of autozooid with an operculum removed. E, close-up of autozooid with two lateralmost foramina bearing avicularia, each associated with kenozooid (k). Two more kenozooids (k) are seen proximally. F, avicularium with a mandible closing a foraminal lumen (arrowhead points to mandible edge). G, primary orifice with a peristome and condyles. Kenozooid (k) is seen in the upper left corner. Scale bars: A, B, F, G = 100 µm; C = 500 µm; D, E = 200 µm.
FIGURE 8 in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 8. Exechonella antillea (Osburn, 1927). Caribbean Sea, Curaçao (A‒H: NNHML Coll. N° 2997, total mounts). A, autozooid with forming polypide and ovary (ov). B, autozooid containing polypide and 2-blastomers embryo (e) inside the internal brood sac (its wall shown by arrows). C‒D, autozooids with their frontal shield showing radiating sutures connecting foramina. Large lateralmost foramina bearing avicularia (not-recognizable in this magnification) are associated with kenozoidal (k) chamber. E, autozooid with polypide and lateral avicularium (arrowhead). F, avicularium showing semi-circular mandible (outline shown by arrowheads), rounded sclerite (s) and nipple-like structure with central opening (arrow). Granular tissue is visible. G, part of the frontal shield showing avicularium with semi-circular mandible (outline shown by arrowheads), rounded sclerite (s) and tendons of two muscles (arrow). Several foramina occluded by diatomeans are seen too. H, avicularian internal chamber with granular tissue and central body—presumed rudimentary polypide with retractor muscles below (arrows). Scale bars: A‒E = 100 µm; F = 50 µm; G, H = 20 µm.
FIGURE 6. Exechonella maldiviensis n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 6. Exechonella maldiviensis n. sp. Indian Ocean, Maldive Islands (A‒D: holotype DPUV 2013-0002-0001; E: paratype DPUV 2013-0002-0008; F: paratype DPUV 2013-0002-0007). A, general view of holotype from above. Ancestrular zone is broken. B, central part of the same colony. C, peripheral part of the same colony showing typical frontal processes, some 'curved' around foramina. D, primary orifice with condyles (right condyle with a 'pocket' shown by arrow). E, general view of the dichotomously branching paratype colony from above (one zooid shows partially broken peristome with flared edge, intrazooidal budding is seen in another zooid (arrow)). Ancestrular zone is overgrown by calcareous algae. F, lateral view of the peripheral part of the colony showing zooidal frontal shields with pointed processes associated with foramina, marginal pores and lateral multiporous septulum. Scale bars: A, E = 1 mm; B‒D, F = 100 µm.
FIGURE 5. Exechonella safagaensis n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 5. Exechonella safagaensis n. sp. Red Sea (A‒C: paratype DPUV 2013-0001-0009, the Northern Bay of Safaga; D‒F: paratype DPUV 2013-0001-0010, the Northern Bay of Safaga; E, IPUW 7023, Jeddah). A, general view of the colony from above. Ancestrular zone is broken. B, central part of the same colony. C, lateral view of the peripheral part of the same colony showing non-damaged peristomes with flared edge and frontal processes associated with foramina. D, lateral view of the peripheral part of the colony showing non-damaged peristomes with rounded edge without spikes and lateral multiporous septula. E, primary orifice with condyles hardly visible (arrows). F, close-up of the frontal shield with foramina two of which bear pointed process. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B‒E = 100 µm; F = 10 µm.
FIGURE 3. Exechonella reniporosa n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 3. Exechonella reniporosa n. sp. Great Barrier Reef, Lizard Island (A‒F: holotype MTQ G100215). A, general view of the colony from above. B, central part of the colony showing multiporous mural septulum in left autozooid. C, proximal part of the colony with ancestrula. D, peripheral autozooid showing typical foraminal shape. E, primary orifice with condyles shown by arrows (lower part of the 'pocket' seen above the right condyle). F, close-up of adventitious kenozooid (k) with five pores, three of them having a tiny central pore. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B‒E = 100 µm; F = 10 µm.
FIGURE 9 in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 9. Exechonella pumicosa Canu & Bassler, 1928. Florida (A‒D: holotype USNM 7838, Atlantic Ocean, non-cleaned colony; E: USNM 10127, Atlantic Ocean; F‒G: USNM 545922, Caribbean Sea, non-cleaned colony). A‒B, general view of holotype from above. C‒D, close-up of autozooids showing shape of primary orifice. E, general view of old abraded colony from above. F, peripheral part of non-cleaned colony with young zooid forming frontal shield (in the centre) and kenozooid (arrow). G, zooidal orifice with partially broken operculum. Kenozooid (k) is seen in the right upper corner. Scale bars: A, B, E, F = 500 µm; C, G = 200 µm; D = 100 µm.
FIGURE 4. Exechonella variperforata n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 4. Exechonella variperforata n. sp. Great Barrier Reef, Lizard Island (A, B: holotype MTQ G100217; C‒F: paratype MTQ G100218). A, general view of the colony from above. Ancestrular zone is overgrown by calcareous algae. B, autozooid showing various foraminal shapes. C, general view of the colony fragment from above ('gaps' between zooids are clearly seen; peristome of left zooid bears two spikes). D, lateral view of the same fragment showing marginal pores arranged in 2‒3 rows and multiporous septula. E, primary orifice with condyles (arrows) visible. F, distolateral view of the frontal shield with foramina, two of which bear short pointed process. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B‒ F = 100 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 2. Exechonella erinacea (Canu & Bassler, 1929). Philippines, Jolo Island (A‒D: lectotype USNM 7967). A, B, general view of the colony from above. C, three autozooids showing opercula and a shape of the primary orifice. Kenozooids with pores pointed by arrows. D, close-up of two zooids showing the shape of foraminal luminae and a condyle (arrowhead). Scale bars: A, B = 500 µm; C, D = 200 µm.
FIGURE 20. Exechonella elegantissima n in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 20. Exechonella elegantissima n. sp. (A‒E: MTQ G100214, Great Barrier Reef, Lizard Island; F, G, holotype: DPUV 2012-0006-0001, Northern Bay of Safaga). A, general colony view from above. B, C, group of autozooids showing details of peristomes and frontal shields. Two kenozooids shown by arrows in C. D, E, details of primary orifice and peristome. Condyle shown by arrow F, G, lateral view of peripheral colony part showing shape of peristomes and narrow multiporous mural septula. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B‒G = 100 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 1. Exechonella ampullacea Hayward & Ryland, 1995. Great Barrier Reef, Heron Island (A, C, E: holotype QM G304975; B, D, F: paratype QM G304977). A, B, general view of the colony from above. C, cleaned frontal shield showing the shape of foramina. D, condyle with a 'pocket'; E, lateral view of the holotype specimen showing mural septula and kenozooid (arrow); F, broken autozooid showing distal transverse wall with communication pores, right condyle with a 'pocket' (arrowhead), distal, proximal and lateral walls of peristome and underside of broken frontal shield. Marginal pores with centrally perforated cuticular plate are seen together with more distal communication pores (their cuticular plate is completely or partially destroyed), and cross-sectioned foramen of the frontal shield (seen above). Scale bars: A, B = 1 mm; C, F = 100 µm; D = 30 µm; E = 500 µm.
FIGURE 15 in Revision of the Recent species of Exechonella Canu & Bassler in Duvergier, 1924 and Actisecos Canu & Bassler, 1927 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): systematics, biogeography and evolutionary trends in skeletal morphology
FIGURE 15. Exechonella brasiliensis Canu & Bassler, 1928. Atlantic Ocean, Brazil (A‒E: holotype USNM 8547; F‒H: USMN 8582). A, C, D, general view of holotype from above. B, close-up of autozooid, showing shape of primary orifice; E, close-up of frontal shields with two foramina bearing avicularia (arrowheads). F, view of central part of colony from above (some lateralmost foramina with avicularia shown by arrows). G, close-up of autozooid showing shape of primary orifice and lateralmost foramina with avicularium (arrowhead). H, close-up of lateralmost foramina with avicularium. Scale bars: A, B, E = 100 µm; C, D, G = 200 µm; F = 500 µm; H = 50 µm.
FIGURE 1. A–B in Recent brachiopods from the South China Sea, NW Pacific
FIGURE 1. A–B. Terebratulina japonica (Sowerby, 1846), dorsal views of complete specimens, stn DW 4125, 305–306 m, SEM, MNHN IB-2013-640. C–G. Macandrevia sp., one complete specimen, stn CP 4123, 1612–1665 m, MNHN IB-2013-641. C–D. Dorsal and lateral views of complete specimen. E–F. Ventral valve of the same specimen, posterior part of interior and tilted view to show strong dental plates, SEM. G. Interior view of dorsal valve to show cardinalia, SEM. H–R. Nipponithyris afra Cooper, 1973, stn CP 4130, 795–822 m. H–M. Dorsal, lateral and anterior views of two complete specimens, MNHN BI-2013-642. N–O. Posterior part of ventral valve interior and tilted view to show swollen bases and grooves to accommodate inner socket ridges, SEM, MNHN BI-2013- 643. P. Interior of dorsal valve, partly broken loop visible, SEM, MNHN BI-2013-644. Q–R. Posterior part of dorsal valve interior and enlargement to show details of strongly thickened cardinalia, SEM MNHN BI-2013-645.
FIGURE 1 in Updated list of the mammals of Costa Rica, with notes on recent taxonomic changes
FIGURE 1. Plot of number of species known (vertical axis) by year of publication of taxonomic compendium for mammals of Costa Rica. See text for publication details of the taxonomic compendia. The data suggest that over the past 154 years, the number of species of mammals known for Costa Rica has accumulated at a rate of 1.2 species year-1 in two major pulses (1869 to 1946: 1.73 spp. yr-1, R2 = 0.99; and 1983 to 2023: 1.64 spp. yr-1, R2 = 0.98) and is not experiencing any reduction at present.
FIGURE 2 in Updated list of the mammals of Costa Rica, with notes on recent taxonomic changes
FIGURE 2. Distribution of species of Costa Rican mammals by categories of threat as assessed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). A: overall assessment of all mammal species known for Costa Rica into IUCN categories of threat. Key to abbreviations: EN, endangered; DD, data deficient; LC, least concern; NT, not threatened; VU, vulnerable. B: Trends in population growth rates for the 202 species of Costa Rican mammals listed in the IUCN category of "least concern." C: Trends in population growth rates for all Costa Rican mammal species. Numbers represent total number of species in each category followed by proportional representation relative to the total, expressed as a percentage.
Supplementary Data - Haplotype-based inference of recent effective population size in modern and ancient DNA samples
<p>This repository contains the simulated data analyzed in our manuscript titled "Haplotype-based Inference of Recent Effective Population Size in Modern and Ancient DNA Samples".The data is split into 7 datasets. </p><p><strong>- demographies.tar.gz</strong>: the simulated demographic models.<br><strong>- modern_data.tar.gz:</strong> simulated SNP-araray data. The genotypes were simulated under 4 demographic histories (see demographies.tar.gz) for 256 samples and under 10 different random seeds (Replicate 1-10). Additionally, Replicates 11 and 12 include simulations at larger sample sizes. Note that the results at lower sample sizes can be obtained by keeping the first N samples of the simulated files.<br><strong>- true_ibd.tar.gz :</strong> This dataset contains the IBD segments from the simulated modern_data (ground truth from ARGON simulator).<br><strong>- ancient_data.tar.gz</strong> dataset contains simulated aDNA data. The dataset contains data simulated at different coverages (MISSING_$M, where $M = exp(-coverage)), sample sizes, demographic models, and random seeds. Split into three parts. See below for instructions on how to reconstruct the dataset. <br><strong>- structure.tar.gz</strong> and<strong> admixture.tar.gz :</strong> contain the data simulated under more complex demographic histories involving 2 isolated populations (structure) or a single population undergoing a recent admixture event (admixtuer.tar.gz). The manuscript provides more details about the demographic histories.<br>- <strong>imputed.tar.gz</strong> dataset contains simulated imputed aDNA data. Each region was simulated independently. Each folder corresponds to a chromosome arm and contains:<br> - data.anc_array.npy: list of the SNPs included in the analysis (simulating a 1240k array)<br> - data.glimpse.vcf.gz: phased ancient population data as phased by GLIMPSE v1<br> - data.glimpse.vcf.gz.csi: index for the above VCF file<br> - data.imputed.vcf.gz: imputed ancient population data (unphased, including dosages and genotype posteriors)<br> - data.imputed.vcf.gz.csi: index file for the above VCF<br> - data.map.gz: genetic map for GLIMPSE (tab-separated format: pos chr cM)<br> - data.ref.tsv.gz: file used for calculating genotype likelihoods with BCFtools mpileup command to use as input for GLIMPSE (format: chromosome position ref_allele,alt_allele)<br> - data.ref.tsv.gz.tbi: index for the above file<br> - data.ref.vcf.gz: simulated sequencing data from the reference panel<br> - data.ref.vcf.gz.csi: index file for the above VCF<br> - data.target_ground_truth.vcf.gz: simulated sequencing data for the ancient population (ground truth)<br> - datalist.txt: list of genotype likelihood files for each target individual (to be used for merging into a single file)<br> - data.temp.map.gz: genetic map for data creation with msprime simulator (format: chr position rate(cM/Mb) cM)<br> - data.tree -> msprime simulator output containing all samples, both reference panel samples and ancient population samples<br> - data.vcf.gz: VCF containing ground truth sequencing data, phased genotypes for reference panel samples and for ancient population samples<br> - dataref.fa.fai: index for reference fasta file used during reads creation</p><p> </p><p>Note that some of the datasets have been split into multiple parts, for example admixed.tar.gz has been split into three different parts admixed.tar.gz-part-aa, admixed.tar.gz-part-ab, and admixed.tar.gz-part-ac<br>You can get the data by typing:</p><p>cat admixed.tar.gz.part-* > admixed.tar.gz</p><p><br> </p>
FIGURE 1 in On the type specimens of the recently described Sulawesi pitviper Tropidolaemus laticinctus Kuch, Gumprecht & Melaun 2007 (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 1. Uncatalogued specimen in the Leyden collection (RMNH) of the recently described Sulawesi pitviper Tropidolaemus laticinctus. Photograph by courtesy of Pieter Michels.
FIGURE 5 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 5. Cyclemys gemeli: (a) ventral aspect of subadult turtle (152.3 mm carapace length), Jia Bhoroli River region, 35 km to Tezpur, Nameri National Park, Assam; (b) head and neck pattern of same individual; (c) dorsal aspect of adult female (232.0 mm carapace length), Jia Bhoroli River region, 35 km to Tezpur, Nameri National Park, Assam; (d) ventral aspect of same female, note the small triangular extra scutes between pectoralia and abdominalia due to a secondary division of the abdominalia by the plastral hinge; (e) lateral and (f) dorsal head and neck pattern of same female. The turtle depicted in (c)–(e) is the individual mentioned in the original description of C. gemeli (Fritz et al. 2008).
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.