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Fig. 3 in Biological notes on an enigmatic microhylid, Gastrophrynoides borneensis (Anura, Microhylidae)

Fig. 3. ML tree from a ~2400 bp sequence of mitochondrial 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes for samples of Gastrophrynoides borneensis and representing microhylid frogs. Numbers above or below branches represent bootstrap supports for ML inference and Bayesian posterior probability (ML-BS/BPP).

Fig. 1 in Biological notes on an enigmatic microhylid, Gastrophrynoides borneensis (Anura, Microhylidae)

Fig. 1. Dorsolateral (A) and dorsal (B) views of Gastrophrynoides borneensis in life from Batu Kawa, western Sarawak (UNIMAS R21555).

Fig. 2 in Biological notes on an enigmatic microhylid, Gastrophrynoides borneensis (Anura, Microhylidae)

Fig. 2. Dorsal (A, B) and ventral (C, D) views of Gastrophrynoides borneensis from Batu Kawa, western Sarawak (UNIMAS R21555: A, C), and the same species from Tawau Hills, eastern Sabah (TBT 025: B, D) in preservative. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Fig. 5 in Biological notes on an enigmatic microhylid, Gastrophrynoides borneensis (Anura, Microhylidae)

Fig. 5. Sumatran Gastrophrynoides without (A) and with (B) light spots. Photographs courtesy of Muhammad Arifin (A) and Ade Prasetyo Agung and Hon Tjong Djong (B).

Fig. 4. Sonogram showing Type 1 in Biological notes on an enigmatic microhylid, Gastrophrynoides borneensis (Anura, Microhylidae)

Fig. 4. Sonogram showing Type 1 (A–C) and Type 2 (D–F) calls of Gastrophrynoides borneensis (UNIMAS R21555) from Batu Kawa, western Sarawak, recorded at an air temperature around 28–30C.

Figs. 1–7 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 1–7. Systellus mentaweicus, male (from Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia): 1, Habitus, dorsal view; 2, ditto, ventral view; 3, head, dorsal view; 4, ditto, ventral view; 5, left antenna; 6, umbilicate pores on right elytra; 7, right fore leg. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figs. 11–14 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 11–14. Systellus mentaweicus, male (from Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia): 11–13, Left to right: Tegmen and parameres, dorsal and lateral, aedeagus, dorsal; 14, caudal segments of abdomen, internal view, showing short spiculum relictus and straight spiculum gastrale. Scale bars = 0.5 mm

Figs. 8–10 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 8–10. Systellus mentaweicus, female (from Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia): 8, Habitus, dorsal view; 9, ditto, ventral view; 10, head, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figs. 15–17 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 15–17. Habitat of Systellus mentaweicus at Field Studies Centre, Ulu Gombak, Selagor, Peninsular Malaysia: 15, Female dropping its head from the host ant nest entrance; 16, fallen branch on which the host ant nest was found; 17, interior of the host ant nest.

FIGURE 35 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURE 35. Macrophotograph of pupa of Xeromelissa sielfeldi, lateral view. Arrows point to downwarddirected posterior margins of the metasomal sterna.

FIGURES 32–34 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 32–34. Diagrams of immatures of Xeromelissa sielfeldi. 32. Egg, side view, anterior end up. 33. Predefecating larva, lateral view. 34. Head of same, lateral view.

FIGURES 17–20 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 17–20. At Quebrada San Andreas at Puquios, Atacama Province, Chile, in 1971, at the time when Xeromelissa sielfeldi and X. rozeni were flying there and nests of the former were collected. 17. View of habitat with Luis Peña standing, lower left, and large patch of blooming Nolana, lower right, behind Peña. 18. Pieces of twigs containing nests of X. sielfeldi. 19. Twig split open to reveal lined cells containing live immatures of X. sielfeldi, with remnants of Acmaeodera frass on outer surface of linings (arrows). 20. Entrance to nest opening in twig revealing netlike closure.

FIGURES 6–11 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 6–11. SEM micrographs of postdefecating larva of Xeromelissa nortina. 6. Entire larva, lateral view. 7. Same, dorsal view. 8. Close-up of midbody segments showing transverse and lateral tubercles and position of spiracles, lateral view. 9. Rear of larva, posterior view. 10. Spiracle of abdominal segment 7 showing lack of atrial rim. 11. Undersurface of front part of head, ventral view. Abbreviation: AS, abdominal segment(s).

FIGURE 1 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURE 1. Laurence Packer at nesting area of Xeromelissa nortina at Region II: El Loa Prov.: Aguas Blancas, -23.2670 -67.9830, Chile, elevation: 2540 m. All nests were recovered from dead dry twigs and stems on the ground, such as those on the foreground, left side (arrows). The food source, locally termed rica-rica, can be seen growing behind Packer in the midbackground. FIGURE 2. Nest consisting of a cell series of X. nortina in the central pith channel of a large twig (diameter 16 mm) of Baccharis from that nesting area.

FIGURE 5 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURE 5. Macrophotograph of postdefecating larva of Xeromelissa nortina, lateral view, head to left.

FIGURES 3, 4 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 3, 4. SEM micrographs of the cell lining of Xeromelissa nortina. 3. Circular closure end (a) with piece of lining wall, right (b), and second layer of folded closure (c) behind, all showing smooth, nonporous texture of surfaces. 4. Close-up of lining identified in figure 3 showing overlapping surfaces through which air exchange (arrows) may take place.

FIGURES 14–16 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 14–16. Microphotographs of right mandible of Xeromelissa nortina. 14. Ventral view, showing strong apical curvature. 15. Entire mandible with base of mandible in maximum profile, approximate inner view. Mandibular apex is thin and strongly scoop shaped (apicad of line a). 16. Curved apex in maximum profile, approximate inner view.

FIGURES 12, 13 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 12, 13. Diagrams of head of postdefecating larva of Xeromelissa nortina, front and lateral views, respectively. In frontal view internal head ridges depicted on left side by dashed lines. Abbreviation: ATP, anterior tentorial pit. Arrows indicate tubercles (see text).

FIGURE 24 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURE 24. Close-up of three terminal segments of maxillary palpus of Xeromelissa rozeni. FIGURE 25. Close-up of maxillary palpus of Xeromelissa sielfeldi. FIGURES 26–31. 26. Blossom of Nolana, lateral view, showing deep corolla. 27. Blossom of Nolana containing foraging adult presumably of X. rozeni in corolla. 28. Same, but with male X. rozeni, covered with pollen about to depart. 29. Blossom of Nolana with part of corolla showing recently killed female of X. sielfeldi with head at darkly bruised attachment (arrow) at base of filament. 30. Same, another example (arrow). 31. Male of X. sielfeldi in blossom of Nolana.

FIGURES 21–23 in The Chilean Bees Xeromelissa nortina and X. sielfeldi: Their Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages, Including Biological Notes on X. rozeni (Colletidae: Xeromelissinae)

FIGURES 21–23. Macrophotographs of adult of Xeromelissa rozeni, showing projecting lower part of head with elongate labium, maxilla, and maxillary palpus. 21. Entire body, lateral view, demonstrating extreme length of labiomaxillary region relative to body length. 22. Head and labiomaxillary region, close-up, dorsal view. Note pebble accidentally trapped near base of paired maxillary palpi. 23. Labiomaxillary apex, close-up, dorsal view, with right galea covering glossa.