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Fig. 9 in Biometry of neotropical invertebrates inhabiting floodplain rivers: unraveling bionomy

Fig. 9. Box-plot of invertebrates AFDW/DW. Significance values (p) of Mann-Whitney pairwise comparisons are showed on the lower-right side. P-values: * p= 0.01-0.05; ** p<0.01-0.001; *** p<0.001. Invertebrates were collected in the Paraná River floodplain from 2005 through 2014.

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Fig. 8 in Biometry of neotropical invertebrates inhabiting floodplain rivers: unraveling bionomy

Fig. 8. Values of slopes (=b) of regression equations obtained for metrics-DW relationships. Invertebrates were collected in the Paraná River floodplain from 2005 through 2014.

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Рис. 1. Пункты сбора Staphylinidae на острове Беринга и острове Топорков. 1 – с. НикоΛьское; 2 – окрестности с. НикоΛьское, мыс ВхоΑной Риф; 3–4 – берег и пойма р. Гаванская; 5 – песчаные Αюны межΑу с. НикоΛьским и р. ΑоΑыгинская; 6 – окрестности Северо-ЗапаΑного Λежбища; 7 – Северное Λежбище; 8–9 – окрестности корΑона в бухте Старая Гавань; 10 – бухта Буян и пойма р. Буян; 11 – бухта ПоΛуΑенная, 12 – бухта ПоΑутесная; 13 – о. Топорков; 14 – окрестности аэропорта и поймы р. Каменка; 15 – бухта КоманΑор. Fig. 1. Localities of Staphylinidae on Bering and Toporkov islands. 1 – Nikolskoe vill.; 2 – vicinity of Nikolskoe vill., Cape Vkhodnoy Reef; 3–4 – coast and floodplain of Gavanskaya River; 5 – sand dunes between Nikolskoe vill. and Lodyginskaya River; 6 – vicinity of Northwest rookery; 7 – North rookery; 8–9 – vicinity of Staraya Gavan' Bay; 10 –Buyan Bay and floodplain of Buyan River; 11 – Poludennaya Bay; 12 – Podutesnaya Bay; 13 – Toporkov Island; 14 – vicinity of airport and floodplain of Kamenka River; 15 – Commander Bay. in Materials to the rove beetles fauna (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of the Commander Islands (Kamchatka Region, Russia)

Рис. 1. Пункты сбора Staphylinidae на острове Беринга и острове Топорков. 1 – с. НикоΛьское; 2 – окрестности с. НикоΛьское, мыс ВхоΑной Риф; 3–4 – берег и пойма р. Гаванская; 5 – песчаные Αюны межΑу с. НикоΛьским и р. ΑоΑыгинская; 6 – окрестности Северо-ЗапаΑного Λежбища; 7 – Северное Λежбище; 8–9 – окрестности корΑона в бухте Старая Гавань; 10 – бухта Буян и пойма р. Буян; 11 – бухта ПоΛуΑенная, 12 – бухта ПоΑутесная; 13 – о. Топорков; 14 – окрестности аэропорта и поймы р. Каменка; 15 – бухта КоманΑор. Fig. 1. Localities of Staphylinidae on Bering and Toporkov islands. 1 – Nikolskoe vill.; 2 – vicinity of Nikolskoe vill., Cape Vkhodnoy Reef; 3–4 – coast and floodplain of Gavanskaya River; 5 – sand dunes between Nikolskoe vill. and Lodyginskaya River; 6 – vicinity of Northwest rookery; 7 – North rookery; 8–9 – vicinity of Staraya Gavan' Bay; 10 –Buyan Bay and floodplain of Buyan River; 11 – Poludennaya Bay; 12 – Podutesnaya Bay; 13 – Toporkov Island; 14 – vicinity of airport and floodplain of Kamenka River; 15 – Commander Bay.

FIGURE 5 in Morphological divergences as drivers of diet segregation between two sympatric species of Serrapinnus (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) in macrophyte stands in a neotropical floodplain lake

FIGURE 5 | Graph of Spearman's correlation coefficient calculated between the morphological traits indicated by CVA and main food items consumed by Serrapinnus notomelas and Serrapinnus sp.1 in a lake in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Values of r and p indicate the correlation and statistical significance, respectively. Positive correlations are represented by blue color and negative correlations by red color. ALG – algae; ZOO – zooplankton; DI – Depression index; CI – Compression index; RLPd – Relative lenght of caudal peduncule; RHPd – Relative height of caudal peduncule; RWPd – Relative width of caudal peduncule; RAD – Relative area of dorsal fin; ARC – Aspect ratio of caudal fin; ARA – Aspect ratio of anal fin; ARPt – Aspect ratio of pectoral fin; ARPv – Aspect ratio of pelvic fin; RLHd – Relative length of head; RHHd – Relative height of head; RWHd – Relative width of head; RHM – Relative height of mouth; RWM – Relative width of mouth; EP – Relative position of eye; MT – multicuspid teeth; PT – pentacuspid teeth; ICO – Intestinal coefficient; GRL – Gill raker length.

FIGURE 4 in Morphological divergences as drivers of diet segregation between two sympatric species of Serrapinnus (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) in macrophyte stands in a neotropical floodplain lake

FIGURE 4 | Canonical variate analysis illustrating differences in morphological traits for the Serrapinnus notomelas and Serrapinnus sp.1 in a lake in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. CI – Compression index; DI – Depression index; RLPd – Relative lenght of caudal peduncule; RHPd – Relative height of caudal peduncule; RWPd –Relative width of caudal peduncule; RAD – Relative area of dorsal fin; ARC – Aspect ratio of caudal fin; ARA – Aspect ratio of anal fin; ARPt – Aspect ratio of pectoral fin; ARPv – Aspect ratio of pelvic fin; RLHd – Relative length of head; RHHd – Relative height of head; RWHd – Relative width of head; RHM – Relative height of mouth; RWM – Relative width of mouth; EP – Relative position of eye; MT – multicuspid teeth; PT – pentacuspid teeth; ICO – Intestinal coefficient; GRL – Gill raker length.

FIGURE 2 in Morphological divergences as drivers of diet segregation between two sympatric species of Serrapinnus (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) in macrophyte stands in a neotropical floodplain lake

FIGURE 2 | Number of individuals from Serrapinnus notomelas and Serrapinnus sp.1 sampled concerning precipitation (mm) between October/2010 and March/2012 in a lake in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. SnA = S. notomelas Adult; SnJ = S. notomelas juvenile; Sp1A = Serrapinnus sp.1 adult; Sp1J = Serrapinnus sp.1 juvenile.

FIGURE 3 in Morphological divergences as drivers of diet segregation between two sympatric species of Serrapinnus (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) in macrophyte stands in a neotropical floodplain lake

FIGURE 3 | Variation in the diet breadth of Serrapinnus notomelas and Serrapinnus sp.1 using PERMDISP, for the juveniles and adults in a lake in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Boxes represent the 25th and 75th quartiles and demonstrate the individual variation of the trophic niche. The horizontal bars in each box represent the average niche breadth. Whiskers indicate the range and individual symbols indicate outliers. J=juveniles; A= adults.

FIGURE 1 in Morphological divergences as drivers of diet segregation between two sympatric species of Serrapinnus (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) in macrophyte stands in a neotropical floodplain lake

FIGURE 1 | Study area: location of sampling site in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil.

Fig. 6 in Body condition and energy density of juvenile streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in a Neotropical floodplain

Fig. 6. Spearman rank correlations (rs) between the values of energy density (E D) versus relative condition factor (K n) (a), length standard (L s) (b) and weight total (W t) (c) of Prochilodus lineatus in the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River. The line represents the trend of significant Spearman correlations.

Fig. 4 in Body condition and energy density of juvenile streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in a Neotropical floodplain

Fig. 4. Median values of energy density (ED) [(a), (b)] and the relative condition factor (Kn) [(c), (d)], by standard length, in the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River, for each month sampled. Lower bars indicate the 25% percentile, upper bars indicate the 75% percentile. Different upper-case letters (ABC) indicate statistically significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis, P <0.025).

Fig. 1 in Body condition and energy density of juvenile streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in a Neotropical floodplain

Fig. 1. Location of the sampling stations of Prochilodus lineatus on the Upper Paraná River floodplain, associated with the following sub-basins: Baia (5. Guaraná lagoon, 6. Gavião lagoon, 7. Fechada lagoon, 8. Pousada das Garças lagoon, 11. Baia River), Ivinhema (1. Finado Raimundo lagoon, 2. Patos lagoon, 3. Ventura lagoon, 4. Zé do Paco lagoon, 13. Ivinhema River) and Paraná (9. Garças lagoon, 10. Ressaco do Pau Veio, 12. Paraná River).

Fig. 3 in Body condition and energy density of juvenile streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in a Neotropical floodplain

Fig. 3. Linear regression (a) and weight-length relationship (b) of juvenile Prochilodus lineatus in the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River.

Fig. 5 in Body condition and energy density of juvenile streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in a Neotropical floodplain

Fig. 5. Median values of energy density (E D) [(a), (b)] and the relative condition factor (K n) [(c), (d)], by standard length, for each sub-basin of the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River - Baia sub-basins (Bai), Ivinhema (Ivi) and Paraná (Par) - from June 2010 to March 2011. Lower bars indicate the 25% percentile, upper bars indicate the 75% percentile. Different upper-case letters (ABC) indicate statistically significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis, P <0.025).

Fig. 2 in Body condition and energy density of juvenile streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in a Neotropical floodplain

Fig. 2. Daily mean water levels of the Upper Paraná River. Arrows indicate sampling periods. Horizontal lines show the threshold of the water level for river-bank overflow (350 cm = Paraná river, Agostinho et al., 2004b; Thomaz et al., 2004).

FIGURE 1 in Water-level fluctuations lead to changes in the diet of an omnivorous fish in a floodplain

FIGURE 1 | Location of the Upper Paraná River floodplain (downstream of the Porto Primavera dam and upstream of the Itaipu reservoir) and the nine sampling stations on the Paraná, Baía, and Ivinhema rivers.

FIGURE 3 in Water-level fluctuations lead to changes in the diet of an omnivorous fish in a floodplain

FIGURE 3 | A. Relationship between the hydrometric level and the consumption of all allochthonous items; B. The consumption of terrestrial invertebrates; C. And the consumption of terrestrial plants for Trachelyopterus galeatus. The green graphs indicate a significant positive influence of the variable as a function of hydrometric level, while grayscale graphs indicate a non-significance.

FIGURE 2 in Water-level fluctuations lead to changes in the diet of an omnivorous fish in a floodplain

FIGURE 2 | Daily variation in the level of the Paraná River between 2000 and 2020 (provided by the Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico - ANA). The horizontal line represents the 4.5 m level when the Paraná River overflows.

FIGURE 5 in Water-level fluctuations lead to changes in the diet of an omnivorous fish in a floodplain

FIGURE 5 | A. Relationship between the hydrometric level and the trophic niche breadth; B. Body condition; C. And the feeding activity of Trachelyopterus galeatus. The green graphs indicate a significant positive influence of the variable as a function of hydrometric level, while grayscale graphs indicate a non-significance.

FIGURE 4 in Water-level fluctuations lead to changes in the diet of an omnivorous fish in a floodplain

FIGURE 4 | A. Relationship between the hydrometric level and the consumption of all autochthonous items; B. The consumption of aquatic invertebrates; C. The consumption of detritus; D. And the consumption of fish for Trachelyopterus galeatus. Red graphs indicate a significant negative influence of the variable as a function of hydrometric level, while grayscale graphs indicate a non-significance.