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196 results for “Free-ranging”
Coda and data for "A natural disaster exacerbates and redistributes disease risk across free-ranging macaques by altering social structure"
<p>This Zenodo repository contains the data and code for the article entitled "<strong>A natural disaster exacerbates and redistributes disease risk across free-ranging macaques by altering social structure</strong>". </p>
Data from: Social and genetic population structure of free-ranging cheetah in Botswana: implications for conservation
Once widely distributed throughout Africa, cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) occur today within fragmented populations and are listed as vulnerable by the IUCN. Botswana currently hosts the second largest cheetah population throughout the species' range. This study initiated a molecular genetic survey of wild Botswana cheetah populations. It focused on the relatedness within presumed social groups using 14 microsatellite markers and revealed a higher proportion of unrelated male coalitions than was expected. Based on the unrelated cheetahs only, the estimation of the genetic variation corresponded with results from recent studies on different African populations. The analysis of unrelated individuals indicated limited genetic differentiation between cheetahs from different regions of Botswana. This suggests that the Botswana cheetah population might represent a unique panmictic population as long as sufficient levels of gene flow are maintained within the distribution range. This baseline information will now be incorporated to develop management strategies and set priorities for cheetah conservation in Botswana.
Data from: The costs of parasite infection: effects of removing lungworms on performance, growth and survival of free-ranging cane toads
1.Most research on the effects of parasites on their hosts has focused on the parasites of mammals or birds (especially, domesticated taxa) rather than systems in which the hosts are ectothermic wildlife species. 2.We used experimental methods (antihelminthic drugs) to quantify the effects of lungworms (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) on their anuran hosts, the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina). 3.In captivity, eradicating lungworms enhanced toad activity (measures of boldness and level of spontaneous activity), performance (locomotor speed, climbing ability), and foraging success (feeding rate). 4.In free-ranging toads (n = 123) at a site in tropical Australia, eradicating lungworm infection increased rates of host survival by 8%, movement by 20%, growth by 28% and elaboration of male secondary sexual characteristics by 30%. The presence of the lungworm thus has a substantial negative effect on fitness-related traits of the host. 5.Given their long shared evolutionary history and the mild inflammatory and immune response elicited by the parasite in the host, the magnitude of the effects of parasite removal were surprising. Parasites may impose hidden costs, related to modification of host behaviour or metabolism. Experimental removal of parasites can be a useful means of quantifying costs of infection.
Figure 3 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 3. Example of 4 years of consistent morphologic characteristics of a giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Variations in boldness of the drop-shaped black spot are typical for varying light situations. Uncommon are some white hairs within the black flag, the white 'blob' in the stripe above it and the ear shape. Photo by Lydia Möcklinghoff in the Brazilian Pantanal.
Figure 2 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 2. Example of coded photo-ID of four individual giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) sighted in the Brazilian Pantanal. For every picture the date, time and locality of the sighting were recorded. The arrows point to biometric traits that enable discrimination of individuals. These have been categorised in Table 1; stars refer to categories in this matrix (*foreleg, **bracelet, ***stripe, ****scars). As an example, the animals are here only shown from one lateral side. In practice, other photographs, preferably of both lateral sides as well as the front, were considered for the coding of the matrix and the catalogue. Photos by Lydia Möcklinghoff.
Figure 4 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 4. Relation between number of individuals classified by volunteers and grade of interobserver agreement relative to the identity assigned to individual giant anteaters by the first author.
Figure 1 in New non-invasive photo-identification technique for free-ranging giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) facilitates urgently needed field studies
Figure 1. Map of the study area, Fazenda Barranco Alto in the Southern Pantanal. The inset indicates its location in Brazil.
Body temperature is a repeatable trait in a free-ranging passerine bird
<p><span>Body temperature (T<sub>b</sub>) affects animal function through its influence on rates of biochemical and biophysical reactions, the molecular structures of proteins and tissues, metabolic rate, and ultimately, organismal performance. Despite its importance in driving physiological processes, there are few data on how much variation in T<sub>b</sub> exists within populations of organisms, and whether this variation consistently differs among individuals over time (i.e., repeatability of a trait). Understanding the repeatability of T<sub>b</sub> is important for predicting how animal populations will respond to climatic warming, given that endotherms maintain T<sub>b</sub> that are close to the upper lethal threshold. </span> Here, we quantified the repeatability of <span>T<sub>b</sub>, both in the context of a fixed average environment (~21</span>°C) environment and across ambient temperatures, in a free-living population of tree swallows (<em>Tachycineta bicolor</em>). by experimentally trimming the ventral plumage of a subset of female swallows, we also asked whether the repeatability of T<span><sub>b</sub> is influenced by the capacity to dissipate body heat. </span>We found that the T<sub>b</sub> of both female and male tree swallows was highly repeatable at <span>21</span>°C, and with increasing ambient temperatures. The repeatability of female T<sub>b</sub> did not differ as a function of heat dissipation capacity, thereby supporting the hypothesis that individual performance is limited by the capacity to dissipate body heat. To our knowledge, our study is the first to provide evidence that T<sub>b</sub> is a repeatable trait in a free-living bird, and that avian T<sub>b</sub> could therefore be responsive to natural selection.</p>
Grow up, be persistent and stay focused: keys for solving foraging problems by free-ranging possums
<p><span>Individuals within a species often vary in both their problem-solving approach and ability, affecting their capacity to access novel food resources. Testing problem-solving in free-ranging individuals is crucial for understanding the fundamental ecological implications of problem-solving capacity. To examine the factors affecting problem-solving in free-ranging animals we presented three food-extraction tasks of increasing difficulty to urban common brushtail possums </span><span>(<em>Trichosurus</em> <em>vulpecula</em>)</span><span>. We quantified two measures of problem-solving performance: trial outcome (success/failure) and time to solve, and tested the influence of a range of potential drivers including individual traits (personality, body weight, sex, and age), mechanistic behaviors that quantify problem-solving approach (work time, functional behavior time, behavioral diversity, and flexibility), and prior experience with the puzzles. We found that mechanistic behaviors were key drivers of performance. Individuals displaying greater persistence (higher work and functional behavior time) were more likely to solve a food-extraction task on their first attempt. Individuals also solved problems faster if they were more persistent and had lower behavioral flexibility. Personality indirectly affected time to solve one of the three problems, by influencing time allocated to functional behaviors. Finally, adults solved the most difficult problem faster than juveniles. Overall, our study provides rare insight into the drivers underlying problem-solving performance of wild animals. Such insight could be used to improve management strategies and conservation efforts, such as food or bait deployment, tailored to suit the foraging innovative abilities of target individuals in new and changing environments. </span></p>
A Whole Food Plant Diet and Its Lipidemic Effects on Primary Prevention in a Free-range Population
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03523247. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Data from: Free-ranging dogs show age related plasticity in their ability to follow human pointing
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Data from: Fine-scale movement responses of free-ranging harbour porpoises to capture, tagging, and short-term noise pulses from a single airgun
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Data from: A free-ranging, feral mare (Equus caballus) affords similar maternal care to her genetic and adopted offspring
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Data from: Social and genetic population structure of free-ranging cheetah in Botswana: implications for conservation
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Urinary suPAR: a non-invasive biomarker of infection and tissue inflammation for use in studies of large free-ranging mammals
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Data from: Macronutrient selection of free-ranging urban Australian white ibis (Threskiornis moluccus)
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Data from: How accurately do behavioural observations predict reproductive success in free-ranging lizards?
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Data from: Co-occurrence dynamics of endangered Lower Keys marsh rabbits and free-ranging domestic cats: prey responses to an exotic predator removal program
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Data from: High-resolution contact networks of free-ranging domestic dogs Canis familiaris and implications for transmission of infection
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Data from: High early life mortality in free-ranging dogs is largely influenced by humans
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.