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1,650 results for “Gecko”
Evolution along allometric lines of least resistance: Morphological differentiation in Pristurus geckos
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Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
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Data from: Conserved ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes in Caribbean croaking geckos (Aristelliger : Sphaerodactylidae)
<p>Current understanding of sex chromosome evolution is largely dependent on species with highly degenerated, heteromorphic sex chromosomes, but by studying species with recently evolved or morphologically indistinct sex chromosomes we can greatly increase our understanding of sex chromosome origins, degeneration, and turnover. Here, we examine sex chromosome evolution and stability in the gecko genus Aristelliger. We used RADseq to identify sex-specific markers and show that four Aristelliger species, spanning the phylogenetic breadth of the genus, share a conserved ZZ/ZW system syntenic with avian chromosome two. These conserved sex chromosomes contrast with many other gecko sex chromosome systems by showing a degree of stability among a group known for its dynamic sex determining mechanisms. Cytogenetic data from A. expectatus revealed homomorphic sex chromosomes with an accumulation of repetitive elements on the W chromosome. Taken together, the large number of female-specific A. praesignis RAD markers and the accumulation of repetitive DNA on the A. expectatus W karyotype suggests that the Z and W chromosomes are highly differentiated despite their overall morphological similarity. We discuss this paradoxical situation and suggest that it may, in fact, be common in many animal species.</p>
Heat and water loss vs shelter: a dilemma in thermoregulatory decision-making for a retreat-dwelling nocturnal gecko
<p>Understanding the interaction between upper voluntary thermal limit (VT<sub>max</sub>) and water loss may aid in predicting responses of ectotherms to increasing temperatures within microhabitats. However, the temperature (VT<sub>max</sub>) at which climate heating will force cool-climate, nocturnal lizards to abandon daytime retreats remains poorly known. Here, we developed a new laboratory protocol for determining VT<sub>max</sub> in the retreat-dwelling, viviparous <i>Woodworthia</i> Otago/Southland gecko, based on escape behaviour (abandonment of heated retreat). We compared the body temperature (T<sub>b</sub>) at VT<sub>max</sub>, and duration of heating, between two source groups with different thermal histories, and among three reproductive groups. We also examined continuous changes in T<sub>b</sub> (via an attached biologger) and total evaporative water loss (EWL) during heating. In the field, we measured T<sub>b</sub> and microhabitat thermal profiles to establish whether geckos reach VT<sub>max</sub> in nature. We found that VT<sub>max</sub> and duration of heating varied between source groups (and thus potentially with prior thermal experience), but not among reproductive groups. Moreover, geckos reached a peak temperature slightly higher than VT<sub>max</sub> before abandoning the retreat. Total EWL increased with increasing VT<sub>max</sub> and with the duration of heating. In the field, pregnant geckos with attached biologgers reached VT<sub>max</sub> temperature, and temperatures of some separately monitored microhabitats exceeded VT<sub>max</sub> in hot weather implying that some retreats must be abandoned to avoid overheating. Our results suggest that cool-climate nocturnal lizards that inhabit daytime retreats may abandon retreats more frequently if climate warming persists, implying a trade-off between retention of originally occupied shelter and ongoing water loss due to overheating.</p>
Data from: Historical demography of four gecko species specializing in boulder cave habitat – its implications in the evolutionary dead end hypothesis and conservation
Specialization in narrow ecological niches might not only help species to survive in competitive or unique environments but also contribute to their extermination over evolutionary time. Although the "evolutionary dead end" hypothesis has long been debated, empirical evidence from species with detailed information on niche specialization and evolutionary history is still rare. Here we used a group of four closely related Cnemaspis gecko species that highly depend on granite boulder caves in the Mekong Delta to illuminate the potential impact of ecological specialization on their evolution and population dynamics. Isolated by the unsuitable habitat of a flood plain, these boulder-dwelling geckos are among the most narrowly distributed Squamata species in the world. We applied several coalescence-based approaches combined with the RAD-seq technique to estimate their divergence times, gene flow and demographic fluctuations during the speciation and population differentiation processes. Our results showed long-term population shrinkage in the four geckos and limited gene flow during their divergence. The results suggest that the erosion and fragmentation of the granite boulder hills have had great impacts on these populations' divergences and population declines. We argue that the specialist gecko's habitat specialization has facilitated the fine-scaled speciation in these granite rocky hills; in contrast, specialization might also have pushed these species toward the edge of extinction. Our study also emphasizes the conservation urgency of these vulnerable, cave-dependent geckos.
A Morrison stem gekkotan reveals gecko evolution and Jurassic biogeography
<p>Geckos are a speciose and globally distributed clade of <em>Squamata </em>(lizards, including snakes and amphisbaenians) that are characterized by a host of modifications for nocturnal, scansorial, and insectivorous ecologies. They are among the oldest divergences in the lizard crown, so understanding the origin of geckoes (<em>Gekkota</em>) is essential to understanding the origin of <em>Squamata</em>, the most species-rich extant tetrapod clade. However, the poor fossil record of gekkotans has obscured the sequence and timing of the assembly of their distinctive morphology. Here, we describe the first North American stem-gekkotan based on a three-dimensionally preserved skull from the Morrison Formation of western North America. Despite its Late Jurassic age, the new species already possesses several key characteristics of the gekkotan skull along with retained ancestral features. We show that this new stem gekkotan, and several previously named species of uncertain phylogenetic relationships, comprise a widespread clade of early crown lizards, substantiating faunal homogeneity in Laurasia during the Late Jurassic that extended across disparate ecological, body-size, and physiological classes.</p>
Coin gecko scraper example
<p>Output dataset for the first practical activity in the data topology and lifecycle course</p>
Fig. 2 in Data On The Reproductive Biology Of The Satanic Leaf-Tailed Gecko, Uroplatus Phantasticus (Squamata, Gekkonidae), At The Bion Terrarium Center As A Contribution To Ex Situ Offspring Programs
Fig. 2. Copulation process of U. phantasticus.
Fig. 6. U in Data On The Reproductive Biology Of The Satanic Leaf-Tailed Gecko, Uroplatus Phantasticus (Squamata, Gekkonidae), At The Bion Terrarium Center As A Contribution To Ex Situ Offspring Programs
Fig. 6. U. phantasticus hatchlings; the one in the right corner has not molt yet.
T a b l e 1 in Citizen Science Assisted Monitoring Provides New Data Concerning the Distribution of the Bulgarian Bent-toed Gecko, Mediodactylus danilewskii (Gekkonidae, Squamata), in North-East Bulgaria
T a b l e 1. Coordinates of the newly recorded specimens of M. danilewskii in North East Bulgaria
Fig. 2 in Citizen Science Assisted Monitoring Provides New Data Concerning the Distribution of the Bulgarian Bent-toed Gecko, Mediodactylus danilewskii (Gekkonidae, Squamata), in North-East Bulgaria
Fig. 2. Schematic map of the confirmed and new sites of
Datafile - In situ adaptation and ecological release facilitate the occupied niche expansion of an invasive Madagascan day gecko in Florida
<p><u>Aim</u> To investigate whether the frequently advocated climate-matching species distribution modelling approach could predict the well-characterized colonization of Florida by the Madagascar giant day gecko <i>Phelsuma grandis</i>.</p> <p><u>Location</u> Madagascar and Florida, USA.</p> <p><u>Methods</u> To determine the climatic conditions associated with the native range of <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i>, we used native-range presence-only records and <i>Bioclim</i> climatic data to build a Maxent species distribution model and projected the climatic thresholds of the native range onto Florida. We then built an analogous model using Florida presence-only data and projected it onto Madagascar. We constructed a third model using native-range presences for both <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> and the closely related parapatric species <i>P</i>. <i>kochi</i>.</p> <p><u>Results</u> Despite performing well within the native range, our Madagascar <i>Bioclim</i> model failed to identify suitable climatic habitat currently occupied by <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> in Florida. The model constructed using Florida presences also failed to reflect the distribution in Madagascar by over-predicting distribution, especially in western areas occupied by <i>P</i>. <i>kochi</i>. The model built using the combined <i>P</i>. <i>kochi</i>/<i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> dataset modestly improved the prediction of the range of <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> in Florida, thereby implying competitive exclusion of <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> by <i>P</i>. <i>kochi</i> from habitat within the former's fundamental niche. These findings thus suggest ecological release of <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> in Florida. However, because ecological release cannot fully explain the divergent occupied niches of <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> in Madagascar versus Florida, our findings also demonstrate some degree of <i>in situ</i> adaptation in Florida.</p> <p><u>Main conclusions</u> Our models suggest that the discrepancy between the predicted and observed range of <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> in Florida is attributable to either <i>in situ</i> adaptation by <i>P</i>. <i>grandis</i> within Florida, or a combination of such <i>in situ</i> adaptation <i>and </i>competition with <i>P</i>. <i>kochi</i> in Madagascar. Our study demonstrates that climate-matching species distribution models can severely underpredict the establishment risk posed by non-native herpetofauna.</p>
Phylogenomics of the Scaly-toed geckos and allies (Gekkonidae: Lepidodactylus and Gekko) reveal a continental origin with unidirectional patterns of island arc diversification
<p>Absolute time tree based on 1696 loci (1,923,100bp) estimated in MCMCTree with three secondary calibrations and a conservative root height calibration (Table1). The light green density distributions at the nodes are based on the posterior age distributions estimated in MCMCTree and the numbers represent the mean age at the respective nodes.</p>
Fig. 9 in A new rupicolous species of gecko of the genus Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 from the Satpura Hills, Central India
Fig. 9. Rocks along the road leading to Pachmarhi town where the tspe specimens were collected.
Fig. 1 in A new rupicolous species of gecko of the genus Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 from the Satpura Hills, Central India
Fig. 1. Hemidactylus chipkali sp. nov. male holotspe NCBS AT107, (A) dorsal view, (b) ventral view.
Fig. 4 in A new rupicolous species of gecko of the genus Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 from the Satpura Hills, Central India
Fig. 4. Hemidactylus chipkali sp. nov. male holotspe NCBS AT107 (A) right manus, (B) right pes.
Replication data for "Gekko gecko as a model organism for understanding aspects of laryngeal vocal evolution"
<p>This dataset contains raw data and analysis code used in the preparation of the manuscript “<em>Gekko gecko</em> as a model organism for understanding aspects of laryngeal vocal evolution”.</p>
Morphological and molecular data sets from a taxonomic revision of the gecko Lygodactylus tolampyae
<p>Original data sets (raw morphological data, metadata of specimens, and alignments / treefiles of DNA data) for the paper:</p> <p><strong>Taxonomizing a truely morphologically cryptic complex of dwarf geckos from Madagascar: molecular evidence for new species-level lineages within <em>Lygodactylus tolampyae</em></strong></p> <p>Authors of original paper: Miguel Vences, Malte Multzsch, Milena V. Zerbe, Sven Gippner, Franco Andreone, Angelica Crottini, Frank Glaw, Jörn Köhler, Sandratra Rakotomanga, Solohery Rasamison, Achille P. Raselimanana</p>
Fig. 9 in Choleoeimeria bunopusi sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting the Gall Bladder of the Tuberculated Gecko Bunopus tuberculatus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from Saudi Arabia
Fig. 9. Composite line drawing of sporulated oocyst. Scale bar: 10 µm.
Figure 2 in A new species of Day Gecko of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Nilgiri Hills, Tamil Nadu, India
Figure 2. (A) Dorsal side of the holotype (B) Ventral side of the holotype.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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